LOCATION LEDGER             MT 
Established Series
Rev. DES-JAL
8/98

LEDGER SERIES


The Ledger series consists of very deep, somewhat poorly drained soils that formed in saline and sodic alluvium derived from mixed rock sources. These soils are on flood plains, flood plain steps and drainageways. Slopes are 0 to 2 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 12 inches, and mean annual air temperature is about 42 degrees F.

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, mixed, superactive, calcareous, frigid Oxyaquic Ustifluvents

TYPICAL PEDON: Ledger silty clay loam, in pasture (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted).

Az1--0 to 3 inches; light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) silty clay loam, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; moderate fine and medium subangular blocky structure; soft, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many very fine and fine roots; many very fine and fine interstitial pores; disseminated lime; common very fine masses of salt; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.4); abrupt smooth boundary.

Az2--3 to 7 inches; light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) silty clay loam, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; moderate fine and medium platy structure; slightly hard, very friable, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; many very fine and fine and few medium roots; many very fine and fine and few medium tubular pores; disseminated lime; common very fine and fine masses and threads of salt; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.4); clear wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of A horizons is 4 to 7 inches).

Cz1--7 to 16 inches; light gray (10YR 7/2) silty clay loam, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) moist; moderate coarse platy structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky; slightly hard, very friable, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; many very fine and fine roots; many very fine and fine interstitial and tubular pores; disseminated lime; few very fine masses of salt; strongly effervescent; strongly alkaline (pH 9.0); clear wavy boundary.

Cz2--16 to 25 inches; gray (10YR 5/1) silty clay loam, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) moist; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; hard, firm, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; few very fine roots; common very fine and fine interstitial and tubular pores; disseminated lime; common very fine and fine masses and threads of salt; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.0); clear wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of Cz horizons is 10 to 25 inches).

Ckzg1--25 to 34 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) silty clay loam, dark gray (10YR 4/1) moist; common faint very dark gray (5Y 3/1) redox depletions; few faint strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) redox concentrations; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; hard, firm, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; few very fine roots; common very fine interstitial and tubular pores; disseminated lime; few very fine masses and threads of lime; common very fine and fine masses and threads of salt; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.0); gradual wavy boundary. (0 to 12 inches thick)

Ckzg2--34 to 60 inches; light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) silty clay loam, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) moist; common faint dark gray (5Y 4/1) redox depletions; massive; very hard, very firm, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; few very fine roots; disseminated lime; few fine and medium masses and threads of lime; common fine masses and threads of salt; slightly effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.0).

TYPE LOCATION: Jefferson County, Montana; 2,100 feet south and 2,600 feet east of the northwest corner of sec. 33, T. 2 N., R. 4 W.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:

Soil Temperature - 42 to 46 degrees F.

Moisture control section - between 4 and 12 inches.

Depth to seasonal high water table - 24 to 42 inches for extended periods during spring and early summer.

The surface layer, when mixed to 7 inches, does not meet color requirements for a mollic epipedon. A thin surface crust is allowed.

This soil has an irregular decrease of organic carbon with depth.

Az horizons - Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y

Value: 4, 5 or 6 dry; 2, 3 or 4 moist

Chroma: 1, 2, 3 or 4

Texture: silt loam, clay loam or silty clay loam

Clay content: 15 to 40 percent

Electrical conductivity: 8 to 20 mmhos/cm

Sodium absorption ratio: greater than 13

Calcium carbonate equivalent: 3 to 10 percent

Reaction: pH 7.9 to 10.0

Cz1 horizon - Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y

Value: 5, 6 or 7 dry; 4 or 5 moist

Chroma: 1, 2 or 3

Texture: silty clay loam, clay loam or clay

Clay content: 35 to 45 percent

Electrical conductivity: 8 to 20 mmhos/cm

Sodium absorption ratio: greater than 13

Calcium carbonate equivalent: 10 to 20 percent

Reaction: pH 7.9 to 10.0

Cz2 horizon - Hue: 10YR, 2.5Y or 5Y

Value: 4, 5, 6 or 7 dry; 3, 4 or 5 moist

Chroma: 1 or 2

Texture: silty clay loam and clay loam with thin strata of loamy very fine sand, loam, or silt loam

Clay content (weighted average): 35 to 45 percent

Electrical conductivity: 8 to 16 mmhos/cm

Sodium absorption ratio: greater than 13

Calcium carbonate equivalent: 10 to 20 percent

Reaction: pH 7.9 to 9.6

Ckzg1 horizon - Hue: 10YR, 2.5Y or 5Y

Value: 4, 5, 6 or 7 dry; 3, 4 or 5 moist

Chroma: 1 or 2

Redox concentration: few to common 7.5YR 5/6 or 5YR 5/6

Redox depletions: few to common 10YR 3/1, 10YR 4/1 and 5Y 4/1

Texture: silty clay loam, clay loam and clay consisting of thin strata of loamy very fine sand, loam or silt loam

Clay content (weighted average): 35 to 45 percent

Electrical conductivity: 8 to 16 mmhos/cm

Sodium absorption ratio: greater than 13

Calcium carbonate equivalent: 15 to 25 percent

Reaction: pH 7.9 to 10.0

Ckzg2 horizon - Hue: 10YR, 2.5Y or 5Y

Value: 4, 5, 6 or 7 dry; 3, 4 or 5 moist

Chroma: 1 or 2

Redox concentration: none to common 7.5YR 5/6 or 5YR 5/6

Redox depletions: few to many 10YR 3/1, 10YR 4/1) and 5Y 4/1

Texture: loam, silty clay loam, clay loam, silt loam with thin strata of coarser and finer materials

Clay content (weighted average): 25 to 40 percent

Rock fragments: 0 to 20 percent pebbles

Electrical conductivity: 8 to 16 mmhos/cm

Sodium absorption ratio: greater than 13

Calcium carbonate equivalent: 15 to 25 percent

Reaction: pH 7.9 to 10.0

COMPETING SERIES:

There are no competing series.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:

Landform - flood plains, flood plain steps and drainageways.

Elevation - 3,800 to 5,400 feet.

Slope- 0 to 2 percent.

Parent material - saline and sodic alluvium derived from mixed rock sources.

Climate - long, cold winters; moist springs; warm summers.

Mean annual precipitation - 10 to 14 inches.

Mean annual air temperature - 40 to 44 degrees F.

Frost-free period - 90 to 115 days.

DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Somewhat poorly drained, very slow permeability.

USE AND VEGETATION: Ledger soils are primarily used for rangeland and pasture. The potential native vegetation is mainly alkali sacaton, Western wheatgrass, Inland saltgrass, foxtail, bluegrass, basin wildrye and greasewood.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Ledger soils are of small extent in the intermountain valleys of southwestern Montana.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Bozeman, Montana

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Jefferson County, Montana, 1998.

REMARKS: Soil interpretation record: MT1571. Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are: an ochric epipedon from the surface to 7 inches mixed (Az1 and Az2 horizons); an accumulation of salt and sodium from the surface to 60 inches (all horizons); a particle size control section from 10 to 40 inches (Cz1, Cz2, Ckzg1 and Ckzg2 horizons). Ledger soils have a frigid temperature regime and an ustic moisture regime bordering on aquic.


National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.