LOCATION LEILEHUA HIEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Very-fine, ferruginous, isothermic Ustic Kanhaplohumults
TYPICAL PEDON: Leilehua silty clay - pineapple. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise noted. All textures are "apparent field textures.")
Ap--0 to 12 inches; dark reddish brown (5YR 3/3) silty clay, reddish brown (5YR 4/3) dry; moderate fine, medium and coarse granular structure; very hard, firm, sticky and very plastic; common roots; common very fine and many fine interstitial pores; many very fine glistening specks; common fine gray particles presumed to be titanium oxide; few chunks and pockets of dusky red material mixed by tillage from a lower horizon; decomposing pineapple trash throughout horizon; bottom of horizon has 1-inch layer of pineapple trash; very strongly acid (pH 4.6); abrupt smooth boundary. (6 to 12 inches thick)
Bo1--12 to 17 inches; dark reddish brown (2.5YR 3/4) moist and dry silty clay; weak medium and coarse subangular blocky structure; hard, firm, sticky and plastic; common roots; common very fine and fine tubular pores; few fragments and pockets of dusky red material mixed by tillage; many very fine glistening specks; common fine gray material presumed to be titanium oxide; compacted by tillage; very strongly acid (pH 4.7); abrupt smooth boundary. (5 to 7 inches thick)
Bo2--17 to 22 inches; dark reddish brown (2.5YR 3/4) moist and dry silty clay; weak coarse subangular blocky structure parting to moderate very fine and fine subangular blocky; hard, firm, sticky and plastic; few fine roots; many very fine and fine tubular pores; many very fine glistening specks; common fine fragments of gray material; numerous very firm earthy lumps; very strongly acid (pH 4.5); abrupt smooth boundary. (5 to 7 inches thick)
Bt1--22 to 31 inches; dusky red (10R 3/3) silty clay, dusky red (10R 3/4) dry; weak coarse and medium subangular blocky structure with few pockets of moderate very fine subangular blocky; hard, friable, sticky and very plastic; few roots; many very fine and fine and common medium tubular pores; thin patchy clay films and weak pressure faces on peds; very strongly acid (pH 4.5); clear smooth boundary. (9 to 12 inches thick)
Bt2--31 to 41 inches; dark reddish brown (2.5YR 3/4, 3/3 crushed) clay, reddish brown (2.5YR 4/4) dry; weak coarse subangular blocky structure parting to moderate very fine and fine subangular blocky; hard, firm, sticky and very plastic; many very fine and fine tubular pores; nearly continuous pressure faces on peds; many thin patchy clay films; common very fine earthy lumps; very strongly acid (pH 4.5); abrupt wavy boundary. (9 to 13 inches thick)
Bt3--41 to 48 inches; dark reddish brown (2.5YR 3/4, 3/3 crushed) silty clay, reddish brown (2.5YR 4/4) dry; moderate very fine subangular blocky structure; hard, firm, sticky and plastic; many very fine and fine tubular pores; many fine distinct dark reddish brown (2.5YR 3/4) coatings on faces of peds; continuous pressure faces on peds; many thin patchy clay films; many very firm earthy lumps; peds have a brittle feel; common iron segregation; few pockets of highly weathered pebbles; very strongly acid (pH 4.5); clear wavy boundary. (7 to 10 inches thick)
C1--48 to 62 inches; dark reddish brown (2.5YR 3/3) clay, dark reddish brown (2.5YR 3/4) dry; moderate very fine, fine and medium subangular blocky structure; very hard, firm, sticky and very plastic; many very fine and fine tubular pores; dark reddish brown (2.5YR 3/4) coatings on faces of peds; continuous pressure faces on peds, some appear to be clay films; many very firm earthy lumps; few highly weathered pebbles; very strongly acid (pH 4.7); gradual wavy boundary. (14 to 16 inches thick)
C2--62 to 75 inches; dark reddish brown (5YR 3/4) clay, reddish brown (5YR 4/4) dry; moderate very fine, fine and medium subangular blocky structure; hard, firm, sticky and plastic; many very fine and fine tubular pores; dark reddish brown (2.5YR 3/4) patchy clay films on faces of peds; continuous pressure faces on peds; many weathered pebbles; very strongly acid (pH 4.8).
TYPE LOCATION: Island of Oahu, Honolulu County, Hawaii; approximately 1/2 mile east of an abandoned military installation and approximately 2 1/4 miles northeast of the Pineapple Research Institute's experimental farm in Dole Corporation field No. 4221-22; Waipahu Quadrangle; lat. 21 degrees 29 minutes 02 seconds N. and long. 157 degrees 59 minutes 40 seconds W. (Old Hawaiian Datum).
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Depth to strongly weathered gravel in the C horizon ranges from 40 inches to more than 60 inches. Depth to bedrock is over 60 inches.
The A horizon has hue of 5YR or 2.5YR, value of 3 or 4 dry, 2 or 3 moist and chroma of 3 through 6 dry, and 2 or 3 moist.
The B horizon has hue of 2.5YR through 10R, moist value of 2 or 3 and chroma of 4 through 6 dry and 3 or 4 moist.
COMPETING SERIES: (This needs updating.)There are no competing series. Similar series are the Honolua, Makawao, Olelo, and Paaloa series. Honolua soils have 5YR or 7.5YR hue. Makawao soils are slightly acid throughout the B horizon and have continuous clay films in the lower part of the argillic horizon. Olelo soils have moderately thick continuous clay films in the lower part of the argillic horizon. Paaloa soils have moderately thick clay films in the upper part of the argillic horizon.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Leilehua soils are on uplands and have slopes of 2 to 12 percent. They are at elevations of 900 to l,200 feet. The soils formed in material weathered from basalt or old alluvium from the Koolau Range. Annual rainfall is 55 to 75 inches, with about 3/4 of the total occurring from October thru April. Mean annual temperature is about 70 degrees F., mean January temperature is 68 degrees F., and mean July temperature is 74 degrees F.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Manana and Wahiawa soils and the similar Paaloa soils. Manana soils have an ochric epipedon, moderately thick continuous clay films in the lower part of the argillic horizon and a panlike layer at depths of 15 to 50 inches. Wahiawa soils do not have an argillic horizon and effervesce with hydrogen peroxide throughout the solum.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained; slow to medium runoff depending on slope; moderately rapid permeability.
USE AND VEGETATION: This soil is used for pineapple and irrigated sugarcane production.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Island of Oahu, Hawaii. On the interfluves of the Koolau Range between Wahiawa and Haleiwa. The soils are inextensive and comprise about 4,700 acres.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Davis, California.
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Island of Oahu, Honolulu County, Hawaii, 1971.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Umbric epipedon - from the surface to 12 inches (Ap horizon).
Argillic horizon - from 17 to 22 inches, but no clay skins.
Kandic horizon - from 22 to 48 inches (Bt horizons).
FCC Classification: Cadkx-.
Edit Log: 12/03 SN. Horizon designations updated; lowered rainfall range which was 60 to 80; plus minor edits.
8/00 SN. Classification changed from Fine, oxidic, isothermic Typic Kanhaplohumults due to changes in Taxonomy.
ADDITIONAL DATA: Leilehua NSSL sample S61HI-003-007; S89HI-003-014.