LOCATION LENA IL+MN
Established Series
Rev. JEP-JDA-JWS-AAC
11/2010
LENA SERIES
The Lena series consists of very poorly drained, soils in bogs within lake plains, till plains, and flood plains. These soils formed in highly decomposed organic materials more than 130 cm (51 inches) in thickness. They contain carbonates throughout. Slope ranges from 0 to 2 percent. Mean annual air temperature is about 10 degrees C (50 degrees F)., and mean annual precipitation is about 787 mm (31 inches).
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Euic, mesic Typic Haplosaprists
TYPICAL PEDON: Lena muck - with a south-facing slope of less than 1 percent under grass vegetation in a drained bog at an elevation of about 173 meters (568 feet) above mean sea level. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
Oa1--0 to 25 cm (0 to 10 inches); black (N 2.5/0) broken face and rubbed muck (sapric material); about 5 percent fiber, a trace when rubbed; weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable; 2 to 3 percent mineral material; common snail shells and snail-shell fragments; violently effervescent; moderately alkaline; clear smooth boundary.
Oa2--25 to 61 cm (10 to 24 inches); black (N 2.5/0) broken face and rubbed muck (sapric material); about 15 percent fiber, less than 5 percent rubbed; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; friable; about 3 percent mineral material; common snail shells and snail-shell fragments; violently effervescent; moderately alkaline; diffuse smooth boundary.
Oa3--61 to 173 cm (24 to 68 inches); black (N 2.5/0) broken face and rubbed muck (sapric material); about 15 percent fiber in upper part and about 20 percent in lower part; weak coarse subangular blocky structure in the upper part, massive in the lower part; friable; about 2 percent mineral material; a few woody fragments in lower part; common snail shells and snail-shell fragments; violently effervescent; moderately alkaline; gradual smooth boundary.
Oe--173 to 208 cm (68 to 82 inches); black (N 2.5/0) and dark brown (7.5YR 3/2), broken face and black (N 2.5/0) rubbed mucky peat (hemic material); between 30 and 65 percent fibers; massive; friable; less than 1 percent mineral material; few snail shells; slightly alkaline; gradual smooth boundary.
O'a--208 to 264 cm (82 to 104 inches); black (N 2.5/0) broken face and very dark gray (5Y 3/1) rubbed muck (sapric material); about 5 to 10 percent fibers; massive; friable; 8 to 10 percent mineral matter; common snail shells and snail-shell fragments; violently effervescent; moderately alkaline.
TYPE LOCATION: Kendall County, Illinois; about 4.8 km (3 miles) southwest of Plano; 64 meters (210 feet) south and 8 meters (27 feet) east of center of sec. 4, T. 36 N., R. 6 E.; USGS Newark topographic quadrangle; lat. 41 degrees 37 minutes 25 seconds N., and long. 88 degrees 33 minutes 17 seconds W., UTM Zone 16T, 370478 easting, 4609158 northing; NAD 83.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: The organic layers are more than 130 cm (51 inches) in thickness. The organic materials are primarily herbaceous but in some bogs pedons have a small percentage of woody material. Reaction in the upper part of the series control section ranges from neutral to moderately alkaline.
Layers within the series control section have hue of 10YR, 7.5YR, 5YR, or are neutral; value of 2 to 3; and chroma of 0 to 3. Some pedons contain hemic layers within the series control section and have higher value or chroma, or both. Chroma and value may change from 0.5 to 2 units from broken face to rubbed colors. The series control section typically contains carbonates throughout; however, some hemic layers may not have carbonates. The surface tier has structure ranging from thin to thick, platy to weak, fine to coarse, granular or subangular blocky. Reaction in the middle part ranges from slightly alkaline to moderately alkaline.
The subsurface and bottom tiers have weak, thin to thick, platy or weak to moderate, fine to coarse, granular to subangular blocky structure, or are massive. Some pedons have layers of fibric material ranging to as much as 5 inches in thickness. Reaction ranges from slightly alkaline to moderately alkaline.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the
Carlisle,
Houghton,
Peteetneet,
Saltese, and
Semiahmoo series in the same family and the
Adrian,
Carbondale,
Edwards,
Greenwood,
Linwood,
Lupton,
Palms,
Rifle, and
Willette series. Adrain, Linwood, Palms, and Willette soils have less than 51 inches of organic deposits. Carlisle, Houghton, Peteetneet, Saltese, and Semiahmoo soils do not have carbonates in the control section. Edwards soils have marl within the control section.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Lena soils are in bogs within lake plains, till plains and flood plains. Bogs range from small depressions to over 100 acres in size. Slope gradients are less than 2 percent. The mean annual precipitation ranges from 610 to 889 mm (24 to 35 inches), mean annual air temperature ranges from 7.2 to 11.1 degrees C (45 to 52 degrees F.), frost free days range from 140 to 180 days, and the elevation ranges from 152 to 311 meters (500 to 1020 feet) above mean sea level.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the
Adrian,
Edwards,
Houghton, and
Palms soils. These soils are very poorly drained and are on similar landform positions. Poorly drained or very poorly drained Aquolls are also associated in similar landscapes and in some places on the outer edges of bogs.
DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Very poorly drained. The potential for surface runoff and internal drainage are very low. Saturated hydraulic conductivity is high (14.11 to 42.34 micrometers/second). Permeability is moderately rapid. An intermittant apparent water table is 30 cm (1 foot) above the surface to 30 cm (1 foot) below the surface in most years.
USE AND VEGETATION: Many drained areas of these soils are cropped. Vegetables, corn, and sod are the principal crops. Some areas are too wet to cultivate. Native vegetation was primarily marsh grasses, sedges, reeds, and cattails.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Northern Illinois and central Minnesota. Extent is moderate in MLRA's 91, 95B, 102A, 103, 108, and 110.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Indianapolis, Indiana
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Freeport project, Stephenson County, Illinois, 1938.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are: 0 to 173 cm (0 to 68 inches) Oa1, Oa2 and Oa 3, Oa are artificially drained, but have a seasonal high water table; sapric soil materials dominate in the subsurface tier.
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.