LOCATION LEVENGOOD MT
Established Series
Rev. HAL-KTS-EMM
04/2013
LEVENGOOD SERIES
The Levengood series consists of very deep, well drained soils that formed in alluvium, colluvium or slide deposits derived from calcareous sedimentary rock. These soils are on fan remnants, hills, mountain slopes and landslides. Slopes are 2 to 70 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 18 inches and mean annual air temperature is about 36 degrees F.
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Loamy-skeletal, mixed, superactive Calcic Pachic Haplocryolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Levengood gravelly loam, in rangeland (colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted).
A--0 to 6 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) gravelly loam, black (10YR 2/1) moist; weak fine granular structure; soft, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic, many very fine and fine roots; common fine interstitial pores; 20 percent gravel, 5 percent cobbles; neutral (pH 7.0); clear smooth boundary. (4 to 20 inches thick)
Bw--6 to 12 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) very gravelly loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many very fine and fine roots; common very fine tubular pores; 30 percent gravel, 5 percent cobbles; neutral (pH 7.0); clear smooth boundary. (4 to 12 inches thick)
Bk1--12 to 19 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) very gravelly loam, dark brown (10YR 3/3) moist; weak medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many very fine and fine roots; common very fine and fine pores; 35 percent gravel, 10 percent cobbles; finely disseminated calcium carbonate and few fine masses of calcium carbonate; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.0); gradual wavy boundary. (6 to 10 inches thick)
Bk2--19 to 30 inches; pale yellow (2.5Y 7/4) very gravelly fine sandy loam, light yellowish brown (2.5Y 6/4) moist; weak fine subangular blocky structure; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; common very fine and fine roots; 35 percent gravel, 10 percent cobbles; finely disseminated calcium carbonate and few fine masses of calcium carbonate; violently effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.2); gradual smooth boundary. (9 to 29 inches thick)
Bk3--30 to 60 inches; very pale brown (10YR 7/4) very cobbly loam, light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) moist; weak coarse prismatic structure; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; few very fine roots; 20 percent gravel, 25 percent cobbles; finely disseminated calcium carbonate and few fine masses of calcium carbonate; violently effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.0).
TYPE LOCATION: Granite County, Montana; 2,100 feet east and 400 feet south of the NW corner of sec. 19, T. 6 N., R. 14 W.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil temperature - 36 to 47 degrees F.
Mollic epipedon thickness - 16 to 30 inches
Depth to calcic horizon - 12 to 22 inches
Particle-size control section (weighted average)
Clay content - 18 to 30 percent
Rock fragments - 35 to 50 percent
Oi horizon present in some pedons.
A horizon
Value: 3 or 4 dry; 2 or 3 moist
Chroma: 1 or 2; dry or moist
Texture: loam or silt loam
Clay content: 18 to 27 percent
Rock fragments: 5 to 30 percent--5 to 25 percent gravel, 0 to 20 percent cobbles
Reaction: pH 6.6 to 7.3
Bw horizon
Value: 3 to 5 dry; 2 or 3 moist
Chroma: 1 to 3; dry or moist
Texture: clay loam or loam
Clay content: 18 to 30 percent
Rock fragments: 15 to 55 percent--15 to 40 percent gravel, 0 to 15 percent cobbles
Reaction: pH 6.6 to 7.3
Bk1 horizon
Value: 4 to 7 dry; 3 to 5 moist
Chroma: 1 to 3; dry or moist
Texture: clay loam or loam
Clay content: 18 to 30 percent
Rock fragments: 35 to 50 percent--20 to 40 percent gravel, 5 to 20 percent cobbles
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 15 to 40 percent
Reaction: pH 7.9 to 8.4
Bk2 horizon
Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y; dry or moist
Value: 6 or 7 dry; 5 or 6 moist
Chroma: 3 or 4; dry or moist
Texture: clay loam, loam or fine sandy loam
Clay content: 15 to 30 percent
Rock fragments: 35 to 50 percent--20 to 45 percent gravel, 5 to 20 percent cobbles
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 15 to 40 percent
Reaction: pH 7.9 to 8.4
Bk3 horizon
Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y; dry or moist
Value: 6 or 7 dry; 5 or 6 moist
Chroma: 3 or 4; dry or moist
Texture: clay loam, loam, or sandy loam
Clay content: 15 to 30 percent
Rock fragments: 35 to 60 percent--20 to 30 percent gravel, 15 to 30 percent cobbles
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 10 to 40 percent
Reaction: pH 7.9 to 8.4
COMPETING SERIES:
Clementsville (ID) - have a xeric moisture regime
Eganroc (NV) - are moderately deep to a lithic contact
Firading (ID) - are moderately deep to a lithic contact
Meegernot (ID) - have Bkq and Btb horizons
Polumar (ID) - are deep to a lithic contact
Raynoldson (ID) - have a xeric moisture regime
Spearhead (WY) - have less than 18 percent clay in the particle-size control section
Stoneman (ID) - have a xeric moisture regime
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Landform - fan remnants, hills, mountain slopes, and landslides
Elevation - 4,800 to 9,000 feet
Slope - 2 to 70 percent
Parent material - alluvium, colluvium, or slide deposits derived from calcareous sedimentary rock
Climate - long, cold winters; moist springs; warm summers
Mean annual precipitation - 15 to 24 inches
Mean annual temperature - 34 to 39 degrees F.
Frost-free season - 30 to 70 days
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: None listed.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained; moderate permeability.
USE AND VEGETATION: Levengood soils are used for rangeland. Native vegetation is rough fescue, king spike fescue, Columbia needlegrass, Richardsons needlegrass, Idaho fescue, sticky geranium, lupine, timber danthonia, and big sagebrush.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Levengood soils are of moderate extent in southwestern Montana. MLRAs - 43B, 44B.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Bozeman, Montana.
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Granite County, Montana, 1997.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Mollic epipedon - from 0 to 19 inches (A1, Bw, Bk1 horizons)
Calcic horizon - from 12 to 60 inches (Bk1, Bk2, Bk3 horizons)
Particle-size control section - from 10 to 40 inches (part of Bw, Bk1, Bk2, part of Bk3 horizons)
Levengood soils have a cryic temperature regime and an ustic moisture regime.
ADDITIONAL DATA: Soil interpretation record - MT1403.
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.