LOCATION LINOYER                 UT+NV

Established Series
Rev. RLM/VLP/BKP
08/2013

LINOYER SERIES

The Linoyer series consists of very deep, well drained soils that formed in alluvium derived from sandstone and limestone. Linoyer soils are on fan remnants, alluvial fans, alluvial flats, basin floors, fan skirts, inset fans, axial stream terraces, lake terraces, and lake plains. Slopes are 0 to 10 percent. The average annual precipitation is about 250 mm and the mean annual air temperature is about 9.5 degrees C (49.1 degrees F).

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Coarse-silty, mixed, superactive, calcareous, mesic Xeric Torriorthents

TYPICAL PEDON: Linoyer very fine sandy loam--rangeland. (Colors are for air dry soil unless otherwise noted.)

A1 -- 0 to 5 cm (0 to 2 inches); light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) very fine sandy loam, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) moist; weak medium platy structure; soft, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common very fine and few medium roots; few very fine pores; violently effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.2); abrupt smooth boundary. (3 to 23 cm thick)(1 to 9 inches thick)

A2 -- 5 to 18 cm (2 to 7 inches); pale brown (10YR 6/3) very fine sandy loam, brown (10YR 5/3) moist; weak medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common very fine and few medium roots; few fine and very fine pores; violently effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.4); clear smooth boundary. (13 to 20 cm thick)(5 to 8 inches thick)

C1 -- 18 to 43 cm (7 to 17 inches); very pale brown (10YR 7/4) very fine sandy loam, brown (10YR 5/3) moist; massive; slightly hard, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few very fine roots; few fine and very fine pores; violently effervescent; strongly alkaline (pH 8.6); gradual smooth boundary. (23 to 38 cm thick)(9 to 15 inches thick)

C2 -- 43 to 86 cm (17 to 34 inches); very pale brown (10YR 7/4) very fine sandy loam, yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) moist; massive; slightly hard, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few very fine roots; few fine and very fine pores; violently effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.4); clear smooth boundary. (23 to 50 cm thick)(9 to 20 inches thick)

C3 -- 86 to 109 cm (34 to 43 inches); very pale brown (10YR 7/4) silt loam, light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) moist; massive; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and moderately plastic; few very fine pores; violently effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.4); gradual smooth boundary. (0 to 58 cm thick)(0 to 23 inches thick)

C4 -- 109 to 152 cm (43 to 60 inches); very pale brown (10YR 7/4) very fine sandy loam, light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) moist; massive; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few very fine pores; violently effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.2).

TYPE LOCATION: Sanpete County, Utah; 200 yards north of Palisade Lake on the north side of the fence; 1,500 feet east and 1,000 feet south of the northwest corner of sec. 35, T. 18 S., R. 2 E.; latitude 39 degrees 12 minutes 34 seconds N and longitude 111 degrees 39 minutes 59 seconds W; NAD83.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil moisture: Usually dry; moist in winter and spring and for brief periods in late summer due to convection storms; aridic bordering on xeric soil moisture regime.

Mean annual soil temperature: 8.5 to 12 degrees C (47.3 to 53.6 degrees F)
Mean annual summer soil temperature 19 to 21 degrees C (66.2 to 69.8 degrees F)

Particle-size control section
Clay content: 10 to 18 percent
Sand content: 5 to 15 percent coarser than very fine sand

A horizons
Hue: 10YR, 7.5YR
Value: 4 to 7 dry, 4 to 6 moist
Chroma: 2 to 4, dry or moist
Effervescences: slightly effervescent to strongly effervescent
Reaction: moderately alkaline or strongly alkaline
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 9 to 40 percent


C horizons
Hue: 5YR, 10YR
Value: 6 or 7 dry; 4 through 6 moist
Chroma: 2 to 6, dry or moist
Texture: very fine sandy loam, loam, or silt loam
Clay content: 10 to 18 percent
Sand content: 5 to 15 percent sand coarser than very fine sand
Reaction: moderately alkaline or strongly alkaline
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 10 to 40 percent

COMPETING SERIES: These are Kennewick (WA), Pocatello (ID), Ritzcal (WA) and Wheeler (ID) series. Kennewick, Pocatello, and Ritzcal soils have visible carbonates within the series control section. Kennewick soils also have a particle size control section with 0 to 18 percent clay and represent a different climate and Land Resource Region (LRR-A and B). Pocatello soils contain biological concentrations (krotovinas). Ritzcal soils are formed in loess and represent LRR-B. Wheeler soils also formed in loess, have visible gypsum within the series control section, and represent LRR-B.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Linoyer soils are on fan remnants, alluvial fans, alluvial flats, basin floors, fan skirts, inset fans, axial stream terraces, lake terraces, and lake plains at elevations of 1,370 to 1,830 meters in Utah and up to 2,130 meters in Nevada. Slopes are 0 to 10 percent. They formed in alluvium and lacustrine deposits derived from sandstone and limestone. The climate is semiarid and the average annual precipitation ranges from 200 to 305 mm. Mean annual air temperature ranges from 7 to 11 degrees C. Frost-free period is 100 to 140 days.

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Arapien, Centerfield, Dyreng, Lisade, Sanpete and Sigurd soils. Arapien, Centerfield, Lisade, Sanpete and Sigurd soils have more than 40 percent carbonates in the series control section. Sanpete and Sigurd soils contain more than 35 percent coarse fragments. Dyreng soils have more than 35 percent clay in the particle-size control section.

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Well drained; low or medium runoff; moderately high saturated hydraulic conductivity.

USE AND VEGETATION: These soils are used for irrigated crops of alfalfa, small grains, corn and pasture. They are also used for livestock grazing. Potential vegetation is winterfat, Indian ricegrass, Wyoming big sagebrush and basin big sagebrush. These soils are correlated to semidesert ecological sites in Utah.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Central Utah and Nevada. The series is extensive, with 165,528 acres mapped to date. MLRA 28A and 28B.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Phoenix, Arizona

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Sanpete Area, Utah, 1971.

REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon - the zone from the soil surface to 18 cm (A1, A2 horizons)

Particle-size control section - the zone from 25 to 100 cm (part of the C1, C2 and part of the C3 horizons)

Revised for the correlation of SDJR - MLRA 28A - Linoyer very fine sandy loam, 2 to 5 percent slopes, 04/13, LJG2

Classified according to Soil Taxonomy, Second Edition, 1999; Keys to Soil Taxonomy, 11th Edition, 2010

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National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.