LOCATION LIZZANT                 UT+ID

Established Series
Rev. RLM/KDS/JWB
04/2011

LIZZANT SERIES

The Lizzant series consist of very deep, well drained soils that formed in alluvium, slope alluvium and colluvium derived from sedimentary rocks. Lizzant soil are on alluvial fans, hillsides, and mountain slopes. Slopes are 4 to 60 percent. The average annual precipitation is about 18 inches (46 cm) and mean annual air temperature is about 44 degrees F (6.7 degrees C).

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Loamy-skeletal, carbonatic, frigid Typic Calcixerolls

TYPICAL PEDON: Lizzant very cobbly loam--rangeland. (Colors are for air-dry soil unless otherwise noted.)

A1--0 to 5 inches (0 to 13 cm); very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) very cobbly loam, very dark brown (10YR 2/2) moist; moderate fine granular structure; soft, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common very fine roots; few medium and fine pores; about 10 percent of the surface is covered with cobbles and stones; strongly effervescent; soil mass is slightly effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.4); clear smooth boundary. (3 to 6 inches (8 to 15 cm) thick)

A2--5 to 11 inches (13 to 28 cm); dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) very cobbly loam, very dark brown (10YR 2/2) moist; moderate fine granular structure; soft, friable, slightly sticky and moderately plastic; few medium and common very fine roots; few fine and medium pores; 35 percent rock fragments, about equal amounts of cobbles and gravel; strongly effervescent; carbonates are disseminated; moderately alkaline (pH 8.4); clear smooth boundary. (5 to 10 inches (13 to 25 cm) thick)

Bw--11 to 20 inches (28 to 51 cm); grayish brown (10YR 5/2) very cobbly loam, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) moist; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; hard, friable, slightly sticky and moderately plastic; few coarse medium, fine, and very fine roots; few fine pores; 40 percent rock fragments, about equal amounts of cobbles and gravel; strongly effervescent; carbonates are disseminated; moderately alkaline (pH 8.4); clear smooth boundary. (5 to 10 inches (13 to 25 cm) thick)

Bk1--20 to 32 inches (50 to 81 cm); light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) very gravelly loam, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) moist; massive; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and moderately plastic; few medium, fine and very fine roots; few fine pores; about 40 percent gravel and 15 percent cobbles; violently effervescent; carbonates are disseminated in veins and as coatings on rock fragments; strongly alkaline (pH 8.6); clear smooth boundary. (10 to 15 inches (25 to 38 cm) thick)

Bk2--32 to 40 inches (81 to 102 cm); light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) extremely gravelly loam, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) moist; massive; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and moderately plastic; few fine and medium roots; about 60 percent gravel and 20 percent cobbles; violently effervescent; carbonates are disseminated and as coatings on rock fragments; strongly alkaline (pH 9.0); gradual wavy boundary. (8 to 12 inches (20 to 30 cm) thick)

Bk3--40 to 53 inches (102 to 135 cm); light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) extremely stony loam, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) moist; massive; slightly hard, firm, slightly sticky and moderately plastic; about 60 percent stones and 20 percent cobbles; violently effervescent; carbonates are disseminated and as coatings on rock fragments; strongly alkaline (pH 8.8); gradual smooth boundary. (10 to 15 inches (25 to 38 cm) thick)

C--53 to 60 inches (135 to 152 cm); light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) extremely stony clay loam, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) moist; massive; slightly hard, firm, slightly sticky and moderately plastic; about 50 percent stones and 25 percent gravel and cobbles; violently effervescent; carbonates are disseminated; rock fragments lack carbonate coating as in horizon above; moderately alkaline (pH 8.4).

TYPE LOCATION: Sanpete County, Utah; about 1/4 mile (0.4 km) east of upper power plant in Fairview Canyon; about 2,000 feet (610 m) south and 1,000 feet (305 m) west of the northeast corner of sec. 31, T. 13 S., R. 5 E.; USGS Fairview 7.5 minute quadrangle; lat. 39 degrees 38 minutes 51 seconds N. and long. 111 degrees 23 minutes 60 seconds W., NAD 83.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:

Soil moisture: The soils are dry in the moisture control section for 45 to 65 consecutive days between June 21 and September 21 and are moist for 65 to 75 days during the 120 days after the winter solstice.
Mean annual soil temperature: at depth of 20 inches (50 cm) ranges from 43 to 47 degrees F (6.1 to 8.3 C)
Mean summer soil temperature: ranges from 60 to 62 degrees F (15.6 to 16.7 C).
Depth to calcic horizon: 13 to 26 inches (33 to 66 cm)
Thickness of the mollic epipedon: 8 to 16 inches (20 to 41 cm)
Calcium carbonate equivalent: more than 40 percent including the carbonates in rock fragments less than 20 mm in diameter.

The particle-size control section (weighted average):
Clay content: 18 to 30 percent
Rock fragments: 35 to 70 percent and are mainly gravel and cobbles

A horizon:
Value: 4 or 5 dry, 2 or 3 moist
Chroma: 2 or 3
Texture: extremely cobbly loam, very cobbly loam, stony loam, and very stony loam
Rock fragments: 15 to 70 percent
Reaction: Slightly alkaline to moderately alkaline
Effervescence: slightly effervescent to strongly effervescent

Bw horizon:
Hue: 10YR or 7.5YR
Value: 5 through 7 dry, 3 through 5 moist
Chroma: 2 to 4
Texture: very cobbly loam and very gravelly loam
Reaction: Moderately alkaline or strongly alkaline

Bk horizon:
Hue: 10YR or 7.5YR
Value: 6 through 8 dry, 4 through 7 moist
Chroma: 2 through 4
Clay content: 10 to 30 percent
Texture: Very cobbly loam, very gravelly fine sandy loam, very cobbly loam, very gravelly loam, extremely gravelly loam, extremely stony loam, and extremely stony clay loam
Calcium carbonate equivalent: More than 40 percent
Reaction: Moderately alkaline or strongly alkaline

C horizon:
Value: 6 or 7 dry, 4 or 5 moist
Chroma: 2 through 4
Texture : extremely and very stony clay loam, extremely and very stony loam, extremely cobbly loam
Reaction: Moderately alkaline or strongly alkaline

COMPETING SERIES: These are the Canyonfork (NV), Cavehill (NV), Cedarcabin (NV), Fontreen (UT), Granzan (NV), Highup (NV), Lizdale (ID), Lonjon (UT), Sylvaniam (NV) series. Cavehill, Cedarcanyon, Highup, Lonjon, and Sylvaniam soils have bedrock at 20 to 40 inches (51 to 102 cm). Fontreen soils lack cambic horizons and are dry in the moisture control section for 65 to 90 days following the summer solstice. Granzan soils have bedrock at 40 to 60 inches (102 to 152 cm). Canyonfork and Lizdale soils have less than 18 percent clay in the particle-size control section.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material: alluvium or colluvium from limestone, sandstone, chert and shale
Landform: alluvial fans, hillsides, and mountain slopes
Slopes: 4 to 60 percent
Elevation: 5,200 to 8,000 feet (1,585 to 2,438 m) in Idaho; 6,800 to 8,000 feet (2,073 to 2,438 m) in Utah
Mean annual air temperature: 40 to 45 degrees F (4.4 to 7.2 degrees C)
Mean annual precipitation: 16 to 22 inches (406 to 559 mm); the climate is dry subhumid
Frost-free period: 60 to 100 days

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are Ant Flat, Bezzant, Clegg, Deer Creek, Hymas, Kitchell, Lundy, Mower, Sedwell and Zeesix soils. Ant Flat, Deer Creek, Clegg, and Zeesix soils have argillic horizons. Bezzant soils have less than 40 percent carbonates in the series control section. Kitchell soils have mollic epipedons more than 20 inches (51 cm) thick. Lundy and Hymas soils are less than 20 inches (51 cm) deep over limestone. Sedwell and Mower soils have less than 35 percent rock fragments in the particle-size control section.

DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained; medium to high runoff; moderate or moderately rapid permeability; Ksat is moderately high or high.

USE AND VEGETATION: These soils are used for range. The natural vegetation is mountain big sagebrush, oakbrush, birchleaf, mountain mahogany, spiked wheatgrass, slender wheatgrass, bluebunch wheatgrass, snowberry, and peavine.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Central Utah and southern Idaho. MLRA 13, 28A, 47. The series is moderately extensive.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Bozeman, Montana

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Sanpete Survey Area, Utah, 1971.

REMARKS:
Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:

Particle-size control section: The zone from 10 to 40 inches (25 to 100 cm).
Mollic epipedon: The zone from 0 to 11 inches (0 to 28 cm). (A1, A2 horizons)

Cambic horizon: The zone from 11 to 20 inches (28 to 51 cm). (Bw horizon)

Calcic horizon: The zone from 20 to 53 inches (51 to 135 cm). (Bk1, Bk2, Bk3 horizons)

Taxonomic Version: Eleventh Edition, 2010.

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National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.