LOCATION LOMBARD NH+VTEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Coarse-loamy, mixed, active, frigid Typic Dystrudepts
TYPICAL PEDON: Lombard channery very fine sandy loam, on a 33 percent east-southeast facing slope, forested, with a surface cover of 1 1/2 inches of fresh leaf and needle litter. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise noted.)
Oa--0 to 2 inches; very dark brown (10YR 2/2) highly decomposed plant material, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) dry; weak very fine and fine granular structure; very friable; many very fine and fine, and few medium roots; slightly acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (0 to 4 inches thick)
A--2 to 7 inches; dark brown (10YR 3/3) channery very fine sandy loam, pale brown (10YR 6/3) dry; weak fine and medium granular structure; friable; common very fine and fine, and few medium roots; 15 percent channers; moderately acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (2 to 8 inches thick)
Bw1--7 to 13 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/6) channery very fine sandy loam; weak fine and medium granular structure; friable; common very fine and fine, and few medium roots; 20 percent channers; neutral; clear smooth boundary. (5 to 14 inches thick)
Bw2--13 to 22 inches; olive brown (2.5Y 4/4) channery very fine sandy loam; weak medium granular structure; friable; common very fine and fine, and few medium roots; 25 percent channers; neutral; abrupt smooth boundary. (5 to 12 inches thick)
C--22 to 28 inches; olive brown (2.5Y 4/3) very channery sandy loam; massive; very friable; few very fine and fine roots; 35 percent channers; neutral; abrupt smooth boundary. (0 to 8 inches thick)
2C1--28 to 40 inches; olive gray (5Y 4/2) saprolite derived from phyllite that is easily crushed by hand to very fine sandy loam; rock structure evident; individual strata are about 1 mm thick; few very fine and fine roots; many medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) and yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) stains between strata; neutral; gradual wavy boundary.
2C2--40 to 51 inches; very dark gray (5Y 3/1) saprolite derived from phyllite that is crushed by hand to channery very fine sandy loam; rock structure evident; individual strata are about 1/2 mm thick; few very fine and fine roots; many fine and medium distinct olive (5Y 4/3) and prominent olive brown (2.5Y 4/4) stains between strata and on channer surfaces; neutral; gradual wavy boundary.
2C3--51 to 64 inches; gray (N 5/0) saprolite derived from phyllite that is crushed by hand with difficulty to very channery sandy loam; rock structure evident; individual strata are from 1 to 2 mm thick; few very fine roots; many fine and medium prominent brown (7.5YR 4/4), dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4), and yellowish red (5YR 4/6) stains between strata and on channer surfaces; neutral; gradual wavy boundary.
2R--64 inches; weathered phyllite bedrock, with high to very high excavation difficulty.
TYPE LOCATION: Coos County, New Hampshire; Town of Colebrook, 1.4 miles north northeast of the intersection of Hughes Road and NH Route 145, and 125 feet west of NH Route 145; latitude 44 degrees 55 minutes 40 seconds N., and latitude 71 degrees 27 minutes 30 seconds W., NAD 27.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: The thickness of the solum ranges from 15 to 27 inches. Depth to the saprolite ranges from 20 to 34 inches. Depth to bedrock is typically 60 to 72 inches. Channer volume ranges from 0 to 25 percent in the solum, 20 to 50 percent in the C horizon, and 0 to 40 percent in the 2C horizon. Gravel volume ranges from 0 to 10 percent in all horizons. Reaction ranges from moderately acid to neutral in the solum, slightly acid to neutral in the C horizon, and is neutral in the 2C horizon.
O horizons range from slightly to highly decomposed plant material.
The A or Ap horizon has hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 2 to 4, and chroma of 2 to 4. Texture is very fine sandy loam, fine sandy loam, or silt loam in the fine earth fraction.
Some pedons have an E horizon that is neutral or has hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 3 to 5, and chroma of 0 to 2. Texture is very fine sandy loam, silt loam, or fine sandy loam. It is up to 2 inches thick.
The Bw1 horizon has hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 3 or 4, and chroma of 3 to 6. Texture is very fine sandy loam, fine sandy loam, or silt loam in the fine earth fraction.
The Bw2 horizon has hue of 10YR to 5Y, value of 3 to 5, and chroma of 2 to 4. Texture is very fine sandy loam, fine sandy loam, or silt loam in the fine earth fraction.
The C horizon has hue of 2.5Y, value of 3 or 4, and chroma of 2 to 4. Texture is sandy loam, fine sandy loam, very fine sandy loam or silt loam in the fine earth fraction.
The 2C horizon is neutral or has hue of 10YR to 5Y, value of 3 to 5, and chroma of 0 to 4. Texture of the hand crushed saprolite ranges from sandy loam to silt loam in the fine earth fraction. The saprolite is derived from phyllite and schist and increases in rupture resistance and excavation difficulty with depth.
Some pedons have a 2Cr horizon with cracks and bedding planes that roots can enter spaced less than 4 inches. Color and texture is similar to the 2C horizon.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Bice, Dummerston, Elka, Flatiron, Haights, Millsite, and Mongaup series. None of these series is underlain by saprolite within 40 inches.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Lombard soils are undulating to very steep soils formed in a loamy mantle of glacial till over saprolite derived from the underlying soft bedrock of the Waits River Formation. This bedrock is primarily dark gray or black phyllite, with inclusions of schist and micaceous quartzite. Secondary carbonates coating channers and pebbles occur in some places. The landscape is bedrock controlled and glacially modified. Slopes are either simple or complex, range from 3 to 60 percent, and generally change smoothly and continuously across the landscape. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 37 to 45 inches, mean annual temperature ranges from 38 to 45 degrees F, and mean annual growing season ranges from 90 to 110 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Bangor, Lyman, Plaisted, and Tunbridge soils. None of these soils have saprolite within 40 inches. Bangor and Plaisted soils are on smooth sideslopes. Lyman and Tunbridge soils are on similar landforms. Lyman soils are shallow to bedrock. Tunbridge soils are moderately deep to bedrock.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Lombard soils are well drained. permeability is moderate in the solum and C horizon, and moderately rapid in the 2C horizon. Estimated saturated hydraulic conductivity is moderately high or high.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most of these soils are in pasture or hayland. Some areas are forested. Common trees include red spruce, white spruce, balsam fir, quaking aspen, paper birch, and northern white cedar; other occasional species include red maple, sugar maple, and black cherry.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: New Hampshire and Vermont; MLRA 143 and 144B. The series is of small extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Amherst, Massachusetts.
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Coos County, New Hampshire, 1999.
REMARKS: 1. With this revision horizon designation is changed in layers from 28 to 64 inches from 2Cr to 2C to reflect the non-root restrictive nature of the material. The designation R is changed to 2R. The saprolite material associated with underlying variably weathered bedrock is interpreted to have weathered residually, independent of subsequent glacial deposition. Estimated saturated hydraulic conductivity is added.
2. Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
a. Ochric epipedon - the zone from 0 to 7 inches (Oa and A horizon).
b. Cambic horizon - the zone from 7 to 22 inches (Bw horizons).