LOCATION LONGVALLEY UT
Established Series
Rev. KWC
10/2018
LONGVALLEY SERIES
The Longvalley series consists of very deep, well drained soils that formed in alluvium derived from sandstone and shale. Longvalley soils are on valley floors and mountain slopes. Slopes range from 5 to 17 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 18 inches (457mm) and the mean annual temperature is about 44 degrees F (6.7 degrees C).
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, superactive, frigid Pachic Argiustolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Longvalley loam - rangeland (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted)
A--0 to 4.5 inches (0 to 11 cm); brown (7.5YR 5/3) loam, dark brown (7.5YR 3/3), moist; 21 percent clay; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; soft, very friable, nonsticky and slightly plastic; common very fine and fine roots throughout; very fine vesicular pores; 2 percent gravel; slightly effervescent; slightly alkaline, pH 7.8; clear smooth boundary (4.5 to 17 inches ,11 to 42 cm thick).
Bt--4.5 to 11.5 inches (11 to 29 cm); brown (7.5YR 4/3) loam, dark brown (7.5YR 3/3), moist; 25 percent clay; strong fine angular blocky structure; hard, firm, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common very fine, few fine, and medium roots throughout; few clay bridges on faces of peds; 3 percent gravel; slightly effervescent; slightly alkaline, pH 7.8; gradual smooth boundary (7 to 12 inches ,18 to 30 cm thick).
Btk--11.5 to 32.5 inches (29 to 82 cm); brown (7.5YR 4/3) clay loam, dark brown (7.5YR 3/3), moist; 30 percent clay; strong fine angular blocky structure; hard, firm, slightly sticky and moderately plastic; few very fine, fine, and medium roots throughout; common clay bridges on faces of peds; common fine carbonate filaments ; 3 percent gravel; strongly effervescent; slightly alkaline, pH 7.8; clear wavy boundary (8.5 to 21 inches ,21 to 53 cm thick).
Bk--32.5 to 61.5 inches (82 to 156 cm); reddish yellow (7.5YR 6/6) loam, strong brown (7.5YR 4/6), moist; 23 percent clay; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; soft, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few very fine roots throughout; common fine carbonate filaments; 5 percent gravel; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline, pH 8.0.
TYPE LOCATION: Kane County, McDonald Canyon; about 1.7 miles south of turn off for Alton on highway 89; lat. 37 degrees 23 minutes 55.68 seconds N. and long. 112 degrees 32 minutes 26.01 seconds W., NAD 83
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil moisture: Intermittently moist in some part of the soil moisture control section from December to March and July to September, Driest from April to June; typic ustic soil moisture regime
Soil temperature: 42 to 47 degrees F (5.6 to 7.8 degrees C), Frigid soil temperature regime
Particle-size control section (weighted average):
Clay content: 24 to 35 percent
Rock fragment content: 0 to 15 percent gravel
A or Ap Horizons
Hue: 7.5YR, 10YR
Value: 3 to 5 dry, 2 or 3 moist
Chroma: 2 to 4 dry, 1 to 3 moist
Texture: clay loam, loam, sandy clay loam, silty clay loam
Clay: 20 to 35 percent
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 1 to 10 percent
Rock fragments: 0 to 15 percent gravel
Reaction: neutral to moderately alkaline (6.6 to 8.4)
Bt and Btk Horizons
Hue: 7.5YR, 10YR, 2.5Y
Value: 3 to 5 dry, 2 to 5 moist
Chroma: 2 to 4 dry, 2 or 3 moist
Texture: clay loam, loam, silty clay loam
Clay: 24 to 35 percent
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 1 to 15 percent
Rock fragments: 0 to 15 percent gravel
Reaction: neutral to moderately alkaline (6.6 to 8.4)
Bk Horizon
Hue: 7.5YR, 10YR, 2.5Y
Value: 4 to 6 dry, 3 to 5 moist
Chroma: 3 to 6, dry and moist
Texture: clay loam, loam, sandy clay loam
Clay: 18 to 32 percent
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 5 to 15 percent
Rock fragments: 0 to 15 percent gravel
Reaction: slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline (7.4 to 8.4)
COMPETING SERIES: These are the
Bowbells(ND),
Cambern(AZ),
Carfall(MT),
Center Creek(UT),
Chugcreek(WY),
Detra(UT),
Fiesta(NM),
Flaxton(ND),
Gordo(AZ),
Hereford(AZ),
Hesperus(CO),
Jaythree(NM),
Laceycreek(MT),
Ohwiler(CO),
Pachel(MT),
Schauson(UT),
Shermap(CO),
Todacheene(NM),
Tschicoma(NM),
Weed(CO)series.
Bowbells and
Flaxton are in LRR-F and reflect the soil forming factors of the Northern Great
Plains.
Cambern and
Chugcreek soils are moderately deep to a lithic contact.
Carfall,
Hesperus,
Jaythree,
Laceycreek,
Schauson,
Shermap,
Todacheene, and
Tschicoma soils do not have carbonates.
Center Creek soils have redoximorphic features beginning at depths of 20 to 40 inches (50 to 100 cm).
Detra soils have a lithic contact between 40 and 60 inches (100 to 150 cm) deep.
Fiesta soils have rock fragments derived from granite, gneiss, and schist and are in MLRA 48A.
Gordo soils have a paralithic contact at 41 to 61 inches (104 to 155 cm) deep.
Hereford soils have an aridic ustic moisture regime.
Pachel soils are in LRR-G and reflect the soil forming factors of the Western Great Plains Range.
Peta soils are saturated at depths of 24 to 48 inches (61 to 122 cm) at some time from April through June.
Weed soils are moist for 45 or more consecutive days immediately following April 1.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Longvalley soils are on footslopes along valley floors, summits of structural benches, and footslopes of mountain slopes at elevations of 6,000 to 8,040 feet (2095 to 2230 m). Slopes range from 4 to 35 percent. Longvalley soils formed in alluvium and slope alluvium derived siltstone, sandstone, and shale. The mean annual precipitation is 17 to 20 inches (432 to 508 mm). April, May and June are the driest months, with monsoonal pattern rainfall in August, September, and October. Moderate snowfall occurs during the winter months.. The mean annual air temperature is 41 to 45 degrees F (5 to 7.2 degrees C). The average frost-free period is 94 to 110 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the
Brycan (UT),
Diagulch(UT), and
Ess(AZ) series. The Brycan soils are on valley floors, lower in the landscape than the Longvalley soils. Brycan soil do not have an argillic horizon. Diagulch soils are on mountain slopes and do not have an argillic horizon. Ess soils are on mountain slopes and are loamy-skeletal.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained, medium runoff, moderately slow permeability.
USE AND VEGETATION: Longvalley soils are used for livestock grazing and wildlife habitat. Native vegetation includes Gambel's Oak, Letterman's needlegrass, Kentuckybluegrass, and mountain snowberry.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Kane County, Utah; LRR E, MLRA 47; Longvalley soils are of limited extent in southern Utah.
SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (SSRO) RESPONSIBLE: BOZEMAN, MONTANA
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Soil Survey of Kane County, Utah (UT642) 2017
REMARKS: Longvalley soils are named after Long Valley in Kane County, Utah where the series can be found along with the adjacent drainages and terraces.
Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Particle-size control section: The zone from 4.5 to 32.5 inches (11 to 82 cm) (Bt horizons)
Mollic epipedon: The zone from 0 to 32.5 inches (0 to 82 cm) (A, Ap, Bt, Btk horizons)
Argillic horizon: The zone from 4.5 to 32.5 inches (11 to 82 cm) (Bt and Btk horizons)
The assignment of the cation-exchange activity class is inferred from lab data from similar soils in the surrounding area.
Classified according to Soil Taxonomy, Second Edition, 1999; Keys to Soil Taxonomy, Twelfth Edition, 2014
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.