LOCATION LANDLOW                 CA

Established Series
Rev. RU/JEM/GMK
09/2022

LANDLOW SERIES

The Landlow series have dark grayish brown clay A horizons, dark grayish brown mottled, calcareous B2 horizons and pale brown, firm, strongly calcareous clay C horizons.

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, smectitic, thermic Aquic Haploxerolls

TYPICAL PEDON: Landlow clay (Pasture). (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise stated)

A1--0 to 12 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) clay, very dark brown (10YR 2/2) moist; strong very coarse subangular blocky structure with fine to medium subangular blocky structure at the immediate surface when dry; very hard, firm, very sticky and very plastic; common very fine roots; common very fine tubular pores; moderately low organic matter; neutral (pH 7.2); gradual smooth boundary (6 to 11 inches thick).

B2--12 to 34 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) clay, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist, with few fine distinct strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) mottles in lower part of horizon, weak medium and coarse subangular blocky structure; very hard, very firm, very sticky and very plastic; very few fine roots; few very fine tubular pores; few thin clay films lining pores; strongly effervescent; slightly alkaline (pH 7.8); clear smooth boundary. (16 to 28 inches thick).

B3ca--34 to 46 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) light clay, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) moist with few distinct strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) mottles; massive; hard, firm, very sticky, very plastic; very few very fine tubular pores; few thin clay films lining pores; strongly effervescent, lime occurs in small concretions and in seams; moderately alkaline (pH 8.3); abrupt slightly wavy boundary. (10 to 20 inches thick).

Clca--46to 56 inches; pale brown (10YR 6/3) clay, brown (10YR 5/3) moist; massive; hard, firm, very sticky, very plastic; violently effervescent, lime segregated but less calcareous in lower part of horizon; moderately alkaline (pH 8.3); gradual smooth boundary. (8 to 12 inches thick).

C2g--56 to 64 inches; light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) clay loam, grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) moist, with few fine distinct strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) mottles; massive; very hard, very firm; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.3).

TYPE LOCATION: Merced County, California; south side of Duck slough, Sec. 29, T.8S., R.13E.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: The mean annual soil temperature is about 62 to 64 degrees F. and usually is not below 47 degrees at any time. The soil at depths of 4 to 12 inches is usually dry all of the time from late April to May until November or early December and is moist in some or all parts all the rest of the year. The mollic epipedon is 12 to 20 inches thick and the organic matter is 1 to 2 percent. The A horizons are dark grayish brown, dark brown, dark gray and gray in hues of 10YR and 7.5YR. Textures include clay loam, silty clay loam, clay and silty clay. The B horizons are dark brown, dark grayish brown, gray and light gray in hues of 10YR and 7.5YR. Dry and moist chromas are 1 and 2. Strong brown to olive brown mottles occur at depths of less than 30 inches. Textures are clays, and silty clays in the upper B horizon and include clays, silty clays, clay loams, and silty clay loams in the lower B horizon. Structure is coarse prismatic or medium and coarse subangular blocky. They are moderately to strongly effervescent with lime disseminated, as concretions and in seams. Reaction is mildly to strongly alkaline. The C horizons are brown, pale brown, gray and light gray in hues of 10YR. Textures range from clays to silty clay loams. Chromas are 1 to 3 moist. Mottles are common to many and distinct or prominent with olive brown to strong brown colors. They are weakly to moderately cemented and firm or very firm moist.

COMPETING SERIES: These are the Chino, Clear Lake, Hildreth, Myers and Sacramento series. Chino soils have less than 35 percent clay in their control section. Clear Lake soils have slickensides. Myers soils have slickensides and lack low chroma mottles at depths of less than 30 inches. Sacramento soils have over 60 percent clay in their control section and have mottles in their mollic epipedon. Hildreth soils have mottles in their mollic epipedon.

SETTING: Landlow soils are on nearly level basins of valley plains at elevations of 25 to 150 feet. They formed in moderately fine textured alluvium. The climate is subhumid, mesothermal with warm dry summers and cool moist winters. Mean annual precipitation is 12 to 18 inches. Average January temperature is 44 degrees F.; average July temperature is 78 degrees F.; mean annual temperature is 61 degrees F. The frost-free season is 230 to 290 days.

PRINCIPAL ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Burchell, Lewis, Marvin and Yokohl series. Burchell soils lack a mollic epipedon and have a fine loamy control section. Lewis and Yokohl soils have ochric epipedons, and argillic horizons underlain by a duripan. Marvin soils have argillic horizons.

DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Somewhat poorly drained; slow runoff; slow permeability.

USE AND VEGETATION: These soils are used for rice, field crops, row crops and housing.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Sacramento and San Joaquin valleys and coastal valleys of Southern California. The soils are moderately extensive in MLRA 17.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Davis, California

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Butte County (Chico Area) California, 1925.

REMARKS: This soil was formerly classified as a Humic Gley soil. Where rice has been grown on these soils the upper 6 to 10 inches has distinct strong brown mottles which persist many years after the land use has changed to other crops.

OSED scanned by SSQA. Last revised by state on 6/74.

ADDITONAL DATA; NSSL pedon S57CA-065-006 (taxadjunct)

---

National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.