LOCATION LISADE UTEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Coarse-loamy, carbonatic, mesic Xeric Haplocalcids
TYPICAL PEDON: Lisade loam - rangeland (Colors are for air dry soil unless otherwise noted.) The soil surface is partly covered by 15 percent gravel.
Al--0 to 5 cm; pinkish gray (7.5YR 6/2) loam, brown (7.5YR 5/3) moist; weak thin platy structure that parts to weak fine granular structure; slightly hard, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few medium and common fine roots; common fine pores; violently effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.4); clear smooth boundary. (5 to 8 cm thick)
A2--5 to 13 cm; light brown (7.5YR 6/4) loam, brown (7.5YR 5/4) moist; weak fine subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common fine and medium roots; violently effervescent; strongly alkaline (pH 8.5); clear smooth boundary. (8 to 28 cm thick)
Bk1--13 to 30 cm; pinkish white (7.5YR 8/2) loam, pink (7.5YR 7/4) moist; weak medium platy structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common fine and medium roots; common fine and very fine pores; lime is in nodules, flakes, and disseminated; violently effervescent; strongly alkaline (pH 8.6); gradual smooth boundary. (0 to 18 cm thick)
Bk2--30 to 41 cm; pinkish white (7.5YR 8/2) sandy loam, pink (7.5YR 7/4) moist; weak medium platy structure; slightly hard, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; common fine and few medium roots; common very fine pores; 10 percent gravel; lime is in nodules, flakes and is disseminated; violently effervescent; strongly alkaline (pH 8.6); gradual smooth boundary. (8 to 13 cm thick)
Bk3--41 to 56 cm; pink (7.5YR 7/4) sandy loam light brown (7.5YR 6/4) moist; massive; hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few fine roots: common very fine pores; about 15 percent gravel; lime is disseminated, coatings on gravel and in nodules; violently effervescent; strongly alkaline (pH 8.7); clear smooth boundary. (15 to 30 cm thick)
Bk4--56 to 86 cm; pink (7.5YR 7/4) gravelly sandy loam, light brown (7.5YR 6/4) moist; massive; slightly hard, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few fine pores; 20 percent fine gravel; lime is disseminated and in fine nodules and flakes; violently effervescent; strongly alkaline (pH 8.7); clear smooth boundary. (20 to 41 cm thick)
Bk5--86 to 140 cm; pink (7.5YR 7/4) gravelly sandy loam, brown (7.5YR 5/4) moist; massive; slightly hard, very friable, nonsticky and slightly plastic; few fine roots; common very fine pores; 20 percent fine gravel; lime is disseminated and in nodules; violently effervescent; strongly alkaline (pH 8.8); clear wavy boundary. (38 to 64 cm thick)
C1--140 to 168 cm; pink (5YR 7/4) gravelly loam, yellowish red (5YR 5/6) moist; massive; slightly hard, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few fine roots; few fine and very fine pores; 30 percent gravel; lime is segregated on gravel; violently effervescent; strongly alkaline (ph 8.8).
TYPE LOCATION: Sanpete County, Utah; about 2 miles east and 1 1/4 miles north of Axtell, and about 1,500 feet east of the Highline Canal; about 3,000 feet east and 1,070 feet south of the NW corner of sec. 15, T.20S., R.1E.; USGS Redmond, Utah 7.5 minute quadrangle; latitude 39 degrees 4 minutes 28 seconds N and longitude 111 degrees 47 minutes 20 seconds W; NAD 83.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil moisture: Usually dry; moist in winter and spring and for brief periods in late summer due to convection storms: aridic bordering on xeric soil moisture regime.
Mean annual soil temperature: 8.0 to 12.0 degrees C.
Depth to the base of the calcic horizon: 76 to 130 cm.
Particle-size control section - Clay content: Averages 12 to 18 percent.
Sand content: More than 15 percent coarser than very fine sand
Rock fragments: Averages 10 to 35 percent, mainly gravel.
A horizon
Hue: 10YR or 7.5YR.
Value: 6 or 7 dry, 4 or 5 moist.
Chroma: 2 through 4.
Reaction: Moderately alkaline or strongly alkaline.
Bk and C horizons
Hue: l0YR through 5YR.
Value: 6 through 8 dry, 5 through 7 moist.
Chroma: 2 through 6.
Texture: Most commonly loam, coarse sandy loam and sandy loam; less commonly very fine sandy loam, fine sandy loam, or silt loam.
Clay content: Less than 18 percent.
Reaction: moderately alkaline or strongly alkaline.
Rock fragment content: Averages 10 to 35 percent; upper subhorizons range from 0 to 15 percent.
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 40 to 60 percent in the upper part; lower Bk and C horizons range from 20 to 40 percent.
COMPETING SERIES: There are no other series in this family.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Lisade soils are on gently to moderately sloping alluvial fans, alluvial flats, fan remnants, fan skirts or plains at elevations of 1,525 to 1,980 meters. They formed in alluvium from limestone, sandstone, and shale. The climate is semiarid. Mean annual temperature ranges from 7 to 10.5 degrees C. Average annual precipitation ranges from 200 to 300 mm. Frost-free period is 100 to 140 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Amtoft, Genola, Rapho, and Sanpete soils and the competing Arapien soils. Amtoft soils are less than 50 cm deep over limestone bedrock. Genola soils have less than 40 percent carbonates in the control section. Rapho soils lack calcic horizons and have 20 to 35 percent coarse fragments in the control section. Sanpete soils have more than 35 percent coarse fragments in the control section.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Somewhat excessively drained; medium to low runoff; moderately rapid permeability; high saturated hydraulic conductivity.
USE AND VEGETATION: These soils are used for livestock grazing and for irrigated alfalfa, small grain corn and pasture. Principal native vegetation is Indian ricegrass, yellowbrush, shadscale, big sagebrush, rabbitbrush and snakeweed.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Central Utah. The series is inextensive. MLRA 28A.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Phoenix, Arizona
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Sanpete Area, Utah, 1971.
REMARKS: These soils were formerly classified as Calcisols.
Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon:
Ochric epipedon - The zone from the soil surface to 18 cm (A1, A2 and part of the Bk1 horizons).
Calcic horizon - The zone of secondary calcium carbonate accumulation from 13 to 86 cm (Bk1, Bk2, Bk3 and Bk4 horizons).
Particle-size control section - The zone from 25 to 100 cm (part of the Bk1 and Bk5 horizons and the Bk2, Bk3, and Bk4 horizons).