LOCATION MAKAALAE HIEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Clayey-skeletal, mixed, semiactive, isohyperthermic Andic Dystrudepts
TYPICAL PEDON: Makaalae silty clay - pasture. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise noted. All textures are "apparent field textures.")
Ap--0 to 10 inches; very dark brown (10YR 2/2) silty clay, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) dry; strong very fine and fine subangular blocky structure; very hard, firm, sticky and plastic; many fine and very fine roots; common fine pores; common worm casts; 10 percent stones; few weathered pebbles; strongly acid (pH 5.5); clear wavy boundary. (8 to 12 inches thick)
Bw1/2C1--10 to 24 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) very stony silty clay, dark brown (10YR 3/3) dry; moderate very fine and fine subangular blocky structure; hard, firm, very sticky, very plastic and weakly smeary; common fine roots; many fine pores; few worm casts; 40 percent stones; 10 percent gravel; few red weathered cinders; few pale yellow mineral grains; moderately acid (pH 6.0); gradual smooth boundary. (10 to 14 inches thick)
Bw2/2C2--24 to 40 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) extremely stony silty clay; dark brown (10YR 3/3) dry; moderate very fine and fine subangular blocky structure; hard, friable, very sticky, plastic and weakly smeary; common fine and medium roots; many fine pores; many red weathered cinders; 60 percent hard pebbles, cobbles and stones; slightly acid (pH 6.1). (6 to 16 inches thick)
2C3--40 inches; fragmental `a`a lava.
TYPE LOCATION: Island of Maui, Maui County, Hawaii; about 1 mile northwest of State Highway 31; Kipahulu Quadrangle; lat. 20 degrees 41 minutes 18 seconds N. and long. 156 degrees 03 minutes 06 seconds W. (Old Hawaiian Datum.)
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Depth of soil ranges from 24 to 40 inches to `a`a lava. Stoniness ranges from a few scattered surface stones to extremely stony. Pebbles, cobbles and stones range from 35 to 70 percent in the C horizon. The mean annual soil temperature is 72 degrees F. The C horizon has hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, and chroma of 2 through 4 moist. It is silty clay or clay.
COMPETING SERIES: (This needs updating.) These are the Hanamaulu, Hihimanu, Kohala, Lawai and Pohakupu series. Hanamaulu soils have a cambic horizon and a fine, oxidic control section. Hihimanu soils have mean annual soil temperature less than 72 degrees F. Kohala soils have a cambic horizon and a fine, halloysitic control section. Lawai soils have a cambic horizon and a very-fine, oxidic control section. Pohakupu soils have a cambic horizon and a fine-silty, oxidic control section.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: The Makaalae soils are on `a`a lava flows. Slope is 7 to 40 inches. A few basalt outcrops are common on the landscape. Elevation ranges from sea level to 1,500 feet. The soils formed in volcanic ash over `a`a lava. Annual rainfall is 60 to 90 inches. The mean annual temperature is about 72 degrees F.; average January temperature is 70 degrees F.; average July temperature is 76 degrees F.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Hana and Kailua soils. Hana soils have a nonfragmental silty clay loam control section. Kailua soils have a thixotropic control section.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained; medium runoff; moderate permeability.
USE AND VEGETATION: This soil is used mainly for pasture. The natural vegetation is guava (Psidium guajava), joee (Verbena litoralis), kaimi clover (Desmodium canum), kikuyugrass (Pennisetum clandestinum), rattailgrass (Sporobolus capensis) and yellow foxtail (Setaria geniculata).
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Island of Maui, Maui County, Hawaii. This series is approximately 7,000 acres.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Davis, California.
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Maui County, Hawaii, 1971.
REMARKS: Have cambic horizon and udic moisture regime.
FCC Classification: CCkx-.
Edit Log: 5/04 SN. Horizon designations and temperatures updated.
8/00 SN. Classification changed from Clayey-skeletal, mixed, isohyperthermic Oxic Humitropepts due to changes in Taxonomy.
ADDITIONAL DATA: