LOCATION MANADA WYEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Coarse-loamy, mixed, superactive, frigid Aquic Calciustolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Manada sandy loam, 4 percent slope, in irrigated pasture. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise stated.)
A--0 to 2 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) sandy loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; common fine and very fine roots, few fine pores; few fine distinct yellowish red (5YR 4/6) mottles; strongly effervescent; 5 percent fine gravel; moderately alkaline, pH 8.2; abrupt smooth boundary. (2 to 3 inches thick)
Bw--2 to 9 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) loam, dark brown (10YR 3/3) moist; moderate medium and fine subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common fine and very fine roots and pores; common fine distinct yellowish red (5YR 4/6) mottles; 10 percent fine gravel; slightly effervescent, carbonate equivalent less than 2 percent; moderately alkaline, pH 8.0: clear smooth boundary. (6 to 8 inches thick)
Bk1--9 to 15 inches; very pale brown (10YR 7/3) gravelly sandy loam, pale brown (10YR 6/3) moist; weak medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; common fine and very fine roots and pores; few fine distinct strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) mottles; 15 percent fine gravel; violently effervescent, diffused calcium carbonate, carbonate equivalent of 9 percent; moderately alkaline pH 8.4; clear wavy boundary.
Bk2--15 to 27 inches; light gray (10YR 7/2) gravelly sandy loam, pale brown (10YR 6/3) moist; weak coarse prismatic structure; hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common fine and very fine roots and pores; 20 percent fine gravel; violently effervescent, common fine concretions of calcium carbonate, carbonate equivalent of 8 percent; strongly alkaline, pH 8.8; gradual wavy boundary. (Combined Bk1, Bk2 thickness of 7 to 18 inches)
Bk3--27 to 35 inches; white (10YR 8/2) gravelly loam, very pale brown (10YR 7/3) moist; massive; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common fine and very fine pores, few fine and very fine pores; 20 percent medium and fine gravel; violently effervescent, common fine concretions of calcium carbonate, carbonate equivalent of 26 percent; strongly alkaline, pH 8.8: gradual wavy boundary. (8 to 16 inches thick)
Bk4--35 to 60 inches; very pale brown (10YR 7/3) gravelly sandy loam, pale brown (10YR 6/3) moist; massive; hard, friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; few fine and very fine pores; 15 percent fine gravel; violently effervescent, few fine concretions of calcium carbonate, carbonate equivalent of 10 percent; strongly alkaline, pH 8.6.
TYPE LOCATION: Albany County, Wyoming; 1300 feet east, 1000 feet south of the NW corner, section 23, T. 16N., R. 76W.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Thickness of the mollic epipedon ranges from 8 to 10 inches. The particle-size control section is commonly 10 to 15 percent clay with 45 to 65 percent fine or coarser sand, and 10 to 20 percent coarse fragments. An irrigation induced water table at 2 to 3 feet is present during the months of April through October.
The A horizon has value of 4 or 5 dry, and chroma of 2 or 3. Coarse fragments range from 5 to 10 percent gravel.
The Bw horizon has value of 4 or 5 dry, 3 or 4 moist. Texture is commonly loam, but the range includes sandy loam.
The Bk horizon has hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 6 through 8 dry, 5 through 7 moist, and chroma of 2 through 4. Texture is commonly gravelly sandy loam, but the range includes gravelly loam, sandy loam, and fine sandy loam. Coarse fragments range from a trace to 20 percent gravel. The reaction is moderately alkaline or strongly alkaline.
COMPETING SERIES: There are no competing series.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Manada soils are on fan terraces. Slopes are 0 to 6 percent. The soils formed in mixed moderately coarse alluvium. Elevation is 6000 to 7800 feet. The mean annual precipitation is 10 to 14 inches. The mean annual temperature is 40 to 45 degrees F. Frost-free season is 85 to 110 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Hilltoppe and McFadden soils. Hilltoppe soils have petrocalcic horizons. McFadden soils are well drained and have ochric epipedons.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Somewhat poorly or moderately well drained, slow runoff; moderate permeability.
USE AND VEGETATION: These soils are primarily used for irrigated pasture and hayland.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: High intermountain basins of southern Wyoming. The series is moderately extensive.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Bozeman, Montana
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Albany County (Albany County Area), Wyoming, 1991.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Mollic epipedon - 0 to 9 inches (A, Bw horizons);
Calcic horizon - 9 to 35 inches (Bk horizons);
Aquic feature - distinct mottles in the upper 15 inches and saturation during the summer. The mottles and water table in this pedon are induced by irrigation.