LOCATION MANAGAARAK              AK

Established Series
MPS
11/2024

MANAGAARAK SERIES

Depth class: deep to lithic bedrock
Drainage class: well drained
Parent material: gravelly loamy colluvium over residuum weathered from graywacke
Landscape: mountains
Landform: mountain slopes
Slopes: 30 to 95 percent
Mean annual precipitation: about 500 mm (20 in)
Mean annual air temperature: about -4 degrees C. (25 degrees F.)
Frost-free period: 70 to 90 days

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Loamy-skeletal, mixed, superactive, acid, subgelic Typic Gelorthents

TYPICAL PEDON: Managaarak extremely cobbly silt loam in a dryas lichen alpine community on a northwest facing convex, linear backslope on a slope of 51 percent at an elevation of 408m (1339 ft)

Oe--0 to 4 cm (0 to 2 in); moderately decomposed plant material; black (10YR 2/1) moist, dark gray (10YR 4/1) dry; many very fine and fine roots and common medium roots throughout; noneffervescent; extremely acid (pH 3.9); abrupt wavy boundary. (1 to 8 cm, 0.5 to 3 in thick)

A--4 to 17 cm (2 to 7 in); extremely cobbly silt loam; black (10YR 2/1) moist, dark gray (10YR 4/1) dry; weak medium subangular blocky parts to weak fine granular structure; friable, slightly hard, nonsticky, nonplastic; nonsmeary; common very fine and fine roots throughout; few very fine dendritic tubular pores; 35 percent gravel and 27 percent cobbles; noneffervescent; extremely acid (pH 4.2); clear smooth boundary. (0 to 15 cm, 0 to 6 in thick)

C1--17 to 80 cm (7 to 32 in); extremely cobbly coarse sandy loam; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) dry; massive; friable, slightly hard, nonsticky, nonplastic; nonsmeary; moderately few very fine and fine roots throughout; few medium interstitial pores; 30 percent gravel, 30 percent cobbles, and 20 percent stones; noneffervescent; very strongly acid (pH 4.6). (40 to 70 cm, 16 to 28 in thick)

C2--80 to 120 cm (32 to 47 in); stones; many very coarse and coarse interstitial pores; 30 percent gravel, 30 percent cobbles, 35 percent stones. (20 to 45 cm, 8 to 18 in thick)

2R--120 to 145 cm (47 to 57 in); strongly coherent to indurated graywacke bedrock.

TYPE LOCATION: Nulato Hills - Continental Divide and Blackburn Hills Soil Survey Area, Alaska; latitude 64.3030762, longitude -160.2306716, datum WGS84, UTM north 7131363.69 and UTM east 440460.87, zone 4, datum WGS84.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:

Soil moisture regime: udic
Soil temperature regime: gelic
Mean annual soil temperature: -1 to 0 degrees C. (30 to 32 degrees F.)
Thickness of organic material: 1 to 8 cm (0.5 to 3 in)
Thickness of ochric epipedon: 1 to 23 cm (0.5 to 9 in)
Depth to lithic contact: 100 to 150 cm (40 to 60 in)

Oe horizon:
Hue: 5YR, 7.5YR, 10YR
Value: 2 to 3 moist, 4 or 5 dry
Chroma: 1 to 3
Texture: moderately decomposed material
Organic matter: 60 to 90 percent
Reaction class: extremely acid to slightly acid (pH 3.5 to 6.5)

A horizon:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 2 or 3 moist, 4 or 5 dry
Chroma: 1 to 3
Texture: silt loam or its gravelly and cobbly analogues
Sand: 15 to 35 percent
Silt: 52 to 80 percent
Clay: 3 to 13 percent
Rock fragments: 35 to 75 percent
Gravels: 20 to 55 percent
Cobbles: 15 to 30 percent
Organic matter: 2 to 8 percent
Reaction class: extremely acid to strongly acid (pH 3.5 to 5.4)

C1 horizon:
Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y
Value: 3 or 4 moist, 5 or 6 dry
Chroma: 1 to 4
Texture: silt loam, coarse sandy loam or their gravelly and cobbly analogues
Sand: 20 to 80 percent
Silt: 5 to 77 percent
Clay: 2 to 15 percent
Rock fragments: 60 to 85 percent
Gravels: 25 to 55 percent
Cobbles: 5 to 35 percent
Stones: 0 to 20 percent
Organic matter: 0.4 to 3 percent
Reaction class: extremely acid to strongly acid (pH 3.5 to 5.4)

C2 horizon:
In lieu of texture: stones, cobbles, gravel
Rock fragments: 90 to 100 percent
Gravels: 25 to 80 percent
Cobbles: 20 to 35 percent
Stones: 0 to 40 percent

2R horizon
Strongly coherent to indurated graywacke bedrock.

COMPETING SERIES: These are the Woodlake (AK) series.
Woodlake soils have a lithic contact at depths between 50 to 100 (20 to 40 cm), lack a fragmental layer, have mean annual air temperature of 0 to 9 degrees C. (32 to 48 degrees F.)

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Elevation: 300 to 900 meters (985 to 2955 feet)
Parent material: gravelly loamy colluvium over residuum weathered from graywacke
Landform: mountain slopes
Slopes: 30 to 95 percent
Mean annual precipitation: 400 to 600 mm (16 to 24 in)
Mean annual air temperature: -6 to -1 degrees C. (21 to 30 degrees F.)
Frost free period: 70 to 90 days

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Aklak, Atkaktuk, Continentaldivide, Ingik, Isimnjaatuk, Iyyagrik, Kanik, Kulik, Nauthciak, and Tumi soils.
Aklak soils have a mollic epipedon, have a fragmental particle size class, have a fragmental layer starting between 22 to 78 cm (9 to 31 in), have a pH range of 5.6 to 7.3 in the mineral horizons, can have carbonate coatings on bottom of rock fragments, and occur on mountainflanks, upper and center thirds
Atkaktuk soils lack a lithic contact within 200 cm (79 in), have a fragmental layer starting between 35 to 60 cm (14 to 24 in), have an umbric epipedon, have a loamy-skeletal over fragmental particle size class, lack an organic surface, and occur on similar landforms on mountainflanks, upper third
Continentaldivide soils have a lithic contact at depths between 25 to 50 cm (10 to 20 in), have a mollic epipedon, have a pH range of 5.6 to 7.3, have a nonacid reaction class, can have carbonate coatings on bottom of rock fragments, lack an organic surface, and occur on ridges
Ingik soils have paralithic contact at depths between 50 to 100 cm (20 to 40 in), have a cryic soil temperature regime, have a nonacid reaction class, and occur on similar landforms on mountainflanks, upper third
Isimnjaatuk soils have paralithic contact at depths between 100 to 150 cm (40 to 60 in), have a cambic horizon, have a nonacid reaction class, and occur on similar landforms on mountainflanks, upper third
Iyyagrik soils have a mollic epipedon, have a cryic soil temperature regime, have pH of 5.5 to 7.3 in the mineral horizons, have a nonacid reaction class, and occur on similar landforms on mountainflanks, upper third
Kanik soils have a pH of 5.6 to 7.3 in the mineral horizons, have a nonacid reaction class, and occur on mountainflanks, upper and center thirds
Kulik soils have lithic contact at depths between 50 to 100 cm (20 to 40 in), have a mollic epipedon, have a cambic horizon, have a pH of 5.6 to 7.3 in the mineral horizons, can have carbonate coatings on bottom of rock fragments, and occur on mountainflanks, upper and center thirds
Nautchiak soils lack a lithic contact within 200 cm (79 in), have a cambic horizon, have a cryic soil temperature regime, have an isotic mineralogy class, have a pH range of 5 to 7.3 in the mineral horizons, and occur on drainageways and swales on mountainflanks, upper and center thirds
Tumi soils have lithic contact at depths between 50 to 100 cm (20 to 40 in), have a fragmental layer starting between 33 to 141 cm (13 to 56 in), have a cambic horizon, have a cryic soil temperature regime, have a loamy-skeletal over fragmental particle size class, occurs on valley sides and mountainflanks, upper, center and lower thirds

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY:
Drainage class: well drained
Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity: very high in the Oe horizon, moderately high to high in the A horizon, moderately low to high in the C1 horizon, and very high in the C2 horizon
Permeability: rapid to very rapid in the Oe horizon, moderate to rapid in the A horizon, very slow to moderately rapid in the C1 horizon, and rapid to very rapid in the C2 horizon
Runoff: high

USE AND VEGETATION:
Use: wildlife habitat, recreation, and subsistence
Native vegetation: reindeer lichen, star reindeer lichen, white arctic mountain heather, greygreen reindeer lichen, cup lichen, Flavocetraria cucullate, bog blueberry, black crowberry, marsh labrador tea, dwarf birch, alpine bearberry, smallawned sedge, tealeaf willow, dwarf fireweed, Flavocetraria nivalis

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: MLRA 240, Nulato Hills-Southern Seward Peninsula Highlands. The series is of moderate extent.

SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (SSRO) RESPONSIBLE: Wasilla, Alaska

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Nulato Hills - Continental Divide and Blackburn Hills Soil Survey, Alaska, 2024.

REMARKS: Diagnostic features and horizons recognized in this profile include:

Particle-size control section: 28 to 103 cm (11 to 41 in)

Ochric epipedon: 0 to 17 cm (0 to 7 in) (Oe and A horizons)

Lithologic discontinuity: 120 to 145 cm (47 to 57 in) (2R horizon)

Lithic contact: 120 to 145 cm (47 to 57 in) (2R horizon)

ADDITIONAL DATA:

User pedon ID: 2021AK180727

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National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.