LOCATION MANILA UT+IDEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, smectitic, frigid Typic Argixerolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Manila silt loam--rangeland. (Colors are for air-dry soil unless otherwise stated.)
A--0 to 6 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) silt loam, very dark brown (10YR 2/2) moist; weak thin platy structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and plastic; many fine and very fine roots; many fine pores; neutral (pH 6.9); clear smooth boundary. (5 to 8 inches thick)
BAt--6 to 17 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) clay loam, dark brown (7.5YR 3/3) moist; strong fine angular blocky structure; very hard, firm, sticky and very plastic; common fine and very fine roots; few fine and very fine pores; few faint clay films; neutral (pH 6.8); gradual smooth boundary. (5 to 15 inches thick)
Bt1--17 to 42 inches; brown (7.5YR 5/4) silty clay, dark brown (7.5YR 4/4) moist; moderate medium prismatic structure parting to strong coarse angular blocky; extremely hard, very firm, very sticky and very plastic; few large, fine and very fine roots; few fine and very fine pores; prominent continuous clay films; slightly acid (pH 6.5); gradual wavy boundary. (21 to 32 inches thick)
Bt2--42 to 63 inches; light brown (7.5YR 6/4) cobbly clay loam, dark brown (7.5YR 4/4) moist; moderate medium angular blocky structure; very hard, firm, sticky and very plastic; few fine pores; distinct continuous and few prominent clay films; moderately acid (pH 6.0); gradual wavy boundary. (19 to 29 inches thick)
BCt--63 to 73 inches; light brown (7.5YR 6/4) cobbly loam, dark brown (7.5YR 4/4) moist; massive; very hard, firm, sticky and very plastic; patchy clay films in pores; very few fine roots; common very fine pores; neutral (pH 7.2); abrupt smooth boundary. (0 to 10 inches thick)
Ck--73 to 80 inches; pink (7.5YR 8/4) cobbly loam, light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) moist; massive; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; strongly calcareous, slightly alkaline (pH 7.8).
TYPE LOCATION: Utah County, Utah; 2 1/2 miles southeast of Salem, about 1,600 feet west of the southeast corner of sec. 18, T. 9 S., R.3 E.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: The solum is more than 41 inches thick. The mollic epipedon is 10 to 20 inches thick. Mean annual soil temperature ranges from 39 to 46 degrees F., mean summer temperature ranges from 59 to 64 degrees F. The soils are usually moist, but are dry for 45 to 60 consecutive days when the soil temperature is more than 41 degrees F.
A horizon
Hue: 10YR or 7.5YR
Value: 3 to 5 dry, 2 or 3 moist
Chroma: 2 or 3
Clean, unstained sand and silt grains are common in the lower part.
Reaction is moderately acid to neutral.
Bt horizon
Hue: 5YR to 10YR
Value: 4 to 6 dry, 2 to 5 moist
Chroma: 2 to 6
The texture commonly is silty clay loam, but ranges to clay loam, silty clay or clay with 35 to 50 percent clay. The Bt horizon contains from 0 to 15 percent rock fragments above 30 inches; below 30 inches from 5 to 50 percent.
Reaction is moderately acid to neutral.
BCt horizon
Hue: 5YR to 10YR
Value: 4 to 6 dry
The texture commonly is cobbly clay loam, but ranges to silty clay loam or clay loam. Gravel and cobble content ranges from 5 to 50 percent.
Ck horizon (a Bk horizon in some pedons)
Reaction: slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Booford, Harter, Marsden (T), Observation, Ostler, Rob Roy, Shagnasty, and Tatouche series. Booford, Observation and Rob Roy soils have a lithic contact at depths of 20 to 40 inches. Harter soils have greater than 15 percent rock fragments in the upper part of the argillic horizon. Marsden soils have a paralithic contact within 60 inches. Ostler soils have an organic horizon at the surface and include hue of 2.5Y in the range. Shagnasty soils are 40 to 60 inches to bedrock. Tatouche soils have an organic horizon at the surface and formed in alluvium from tuff, breccia, and andesite
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: These soils are at elevations of 4,800 to 8,400 feet, on nearly level to steep alluvial fans, mountain slopes, hills, and fan terraces with slopes of 0 to 50 percent. They formed in colluvium and alluvium from mixed sedimentary rocks. The climate is moist subhumid, having a mean annual temperature of 37 to 45 degrees F., a mean summer temperature of 57 to 62 degrees F., and an average precipitation of 15 to 25 inches. Freeze-free period is between 60 and 100 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the competing Henefer soils and the Ant Flat, Clegg, Gappmayer, Hades, St. Marys and Yeates Hollow soils. Ant Flat and Clegg soils have horizons of calcium carbonate accumulation within 40 inches. Gappmayer soils have E horizons and very cobbly loam Bt horizons. Hades soils have hue yellower than 10YR in the Bt horizons and have mollic epipedons more than 20 inches thick. St. Marys soils lack Bt horizons and have more than 35 percent rock fragments in the particle-size control section. Yeates Hollow soils have clayey-skeletal particle-size control sections.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained; slow to rapid runoff; slow permeability.
USE AND VEGETATION: These soils are used for range and for growing irrigated orchards, alfalfa, and small grains. Potential vegetation includes bluebunch wheatgrass, basin wildrye, oakbrush, snowberry, and mountain big sagebrush.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: These soils are in the subhumid portions of the Great Basin above ancient Lake Bonneville levels and in the mountain plateau areas of Utah. LRR B, D, E; MLRA 13, 25, 28A, 47. The series is of small extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Bozeman, Montana
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Box Elder Soil Survey - Eastern Part, (Box Elder County), Utah, 1969.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Mollic epipedon - the zone from the surface of the soil to a depth of 17 inches. (A, Bt1 horizons)
Argillic horizon - the zone from 6 to 73 inches. (BAt, Bt1, Bt2, and BCt horizons)
Keys to Soil Taxonomy: Series classified according to Eighth Edition, 1998.