LOCATION MANNING ND+MT SDEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Coarse-loamy over sandy or sandy-skeletal, mixed, superactive, frigid Typic Haplustolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Manning fine sandy loam - on a south-facing plane slope of 1 percent under grass. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise stated. Where described, the soil was moist throughout.)
Ap--0 to 5 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) fine sandy loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist; weak medium subangular blocky structure parting to moderate medium granular; slightly hard, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many fine roots; many fine pores; few pebbles; neutral; abrupt smooth boundary. (Combined A horizons 4 to 15 inches thick)
Bw1--5 to 12 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) fine sandy loam, dark brown (10YR 3/3) moist; moderate coarse and medium prismatic structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky; hard, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common fine roots; many fine pores; few faint clay films on faces of peds; few pebbles; neutral; gradual wavy boundary.
Bw2--12 to 18 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) fine sandy loam, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; moderate coarse and medium prismatic structure parting to weak medium subangular blocky; slightly hard, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common fine roots; common fine pores; few faint clay films on faces of prisms; few pebbles and cobbles; neutral; clear wavy boundary. (Combined Bw horizons 6 to 15 inches thick)
Bk--18 to 25 inches; light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) fine sandy loam, dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2) moist; weak coarse prismatic structure parting to weak medium subangular blocky; slightly hard, very friable, slightly sticky and nonplastic; few roots; common fine pores; about 10 percent gravel; violent effervescence; common fine masses of carbonates; moderately alkaline; clear wavy boundary. (0 to 10 inches thick)
2C1--25 to 40 inches; light yellowish brown (2.5Y 6/4) sand and gravel, olive brown (2.5Y 4/3) moist; single grain; loose; few fine roots; about 25 percent gravel coarser than 3/4 inch; few cobbles; thin coating of carbonates on undersides of some pebbles and cobbles; strong effervescence in upper part and slight effervescence in lower part; moderately alkaline; clear wavy boundary.
2C2--40 to 60 inches; light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) sand and strata of fine gravel, dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2) moist; single grain; loose; about 10 percent gravel; slight effervescence; moderately alkaline.
TYPE LOCATION: Stark County, North Dakota; about 4 1/2 miles west and 1 mile south of Dickinson; 2,040 feet west and 100 feet south of the northeast corner, sec. 15, T. 139 N., R. 97 W.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Depth to carbonates ranges from 13 to 28 inches. Depth to sand and gravel ranges from 24 to 40 inches. The soil material between depths of 10 inches and the sand and gravel averages between 35 and 50 percent fine sand and coarser and 8 and 18 percent clay. The mollic epipedon ranges from 7 to 16 inches in thickness.
The A horizon has hue of 10YR, value of 3 to 5 and 2 or 3 moist, and chroma of 2 or 3. It is fine sandy loam or loam. It is slightly acid or neutral. It has up to 3 percent coarse fragments.
The Bw horizon has hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 4 to 6 and 3 or 4 moist, and chroma of 2 to 4. It is fine sandy loam or loam. It is neutral or slightly alkaline. It has 1 to 10 percent coarse fragments.
The Bk horizon has hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 5 to 8 and 3 to 6 moist, and chroma of 2 or 3. It is fine sandy loam, gravelly fine sandy loam or loam. It is slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline. It has 2 to 15 percent coarse fragments and 5 to 20 percent calcium carbonate. Some pedons have a 2Bk horizon up to 12 inches thick.
The 2C horizon has hue of 2.5Y or 5Y, value of 4 to 7 and 3 to 6 moist, and chroma of 2 to 4. It is fine sand, loamy sand, coarse sand, sand or loamy coarse sand containing up to 75 percent coarse fragments. It is slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline. Commonly over 25 percent of the coarse fragments are over 3/4 inch in diameter.
COMPETING SERIES: There are no other series in the same family. Other competing series are the Lehr, McIlwaine, Ruso, Stady, Tally and Vebar soils. Lehr and Stady soils are fine-loamy over sandy or sandy-skeletal. McIlwaine soils have mollic epipedons more than 16 inches thick. Ruso and Tally soils are coarse-loamy. In addition, Ruso soils are pachic and Tally soils do not have sand and gravel 2C horizons within depths of 40 inches. Vebar soils are moderately deep to soft sandstone bedrock.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Manning soils are on level to strongly sloping, smooth and plane terraces of streams and outwash channels. Slope gradients typically are less than 5 percent but some are as steep as 15 percent. These soils formed in 24 to 40 inches of loamy fluvial sediments over sand and gravel. Mean annual air temperatures range from 34 to 45 degrees F and mean annual precipitation from 12 to 18 inches. Most of the moisture falls in the spring and summer.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the competing Lehr, Stady, Tally and Vebar soils and the Bowbells, Farland, Parshall, Straw, Velva and Wabek soils. All of these soils, except Vebar soils, are on nearby terraces, commonly at different levels. Bowbells and Parshall soils are pachic. Farland soils are fine-silty. Straw and Velva soils have an irregular decreases in organic matter with depth. Vebar soils are on nearby uplands. Wabek soils are on steep terrace edges and ridges and are sandy-skeletal.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Somewhat excessively drained. Surface runoff is slow. Permeability is moderately rapid through the upper part and very rapid in the substratum.
USE AND VEGETATION: Soils are cropped to small grains, corn and tame grass for hay and pasture. Native vegetation is needleandthread, prairie sandreed, prairie junegrass, sun sedge, threadleaf sedge and a wide variety of forbs.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Residual plains of southwestern North Dakota, northwestern South Dakota and eastern Montana, mostly south and west of the Missouri River in MLRA 54. The soil is of moderate extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Denver, Colorado
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Stark County, North Dakota, 1963.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizon and features recognized in this pedon are: mollic epipedon - the zone from the surface of the soil to a depth of 12 inches (Ap and Bw1 horizons); cambic horizon - the zone from 12 to 18 inches (Bw2 horizon).
The typifying pedon contains more sand in the 40 to 60 inch layer than is common for the Manning series. Some soils correlated Manning that have sandy loam or coarse sandy loam textures above the 2C horizon and a 2C horizon at depths of less than 24 inches have been included with the Appam series (sandy, mixed Typic Haploborolls).
It is the intent the soil be used in association with residual landforms. Where the soil has previously been correlated in association with glacial landforms it will be recorrelated to the Ruso series in the future.
ADDITIONAL DATA:: S58NDak-45-1 Soil Survey Investigations Report No. 2, pages 162 and 163 and SU72NDak-6-l - North Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station.