LOCATION MANZANO NM+CO OK TXEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, superactive, mesic Cumulic Haplustolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Manzano loam, rangeland. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted.)
A1--0 to 9 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) loam, dark brown (10YR 3/3) moist; weak fine and medium subangular blocky structure with the upper 1 to 3 inches having a moderate fine granular structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many very fine and fine roots; common very fine and fine tubular pores; neutral; clear boundary. (3 to 12 inches thick)
A2--9 to 14 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) loam, dark brown (10YR 3/3) moist; moderate fine and medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many very fine and fine roots; common very fine and few fine tubular pores; neutral; clear boundary. (0 to 8 inches thick)
Bw--14 to 28 inches; brown (7.5YR 5/3) clay loam, dark brown (7.5YR 3/3) moist; moderate fine and medium subangular blocky structure; hard, firm, slightly sticky and plastic; common very fine and fine roots; common very fine and fine tubular pores; slightly alkaline; gradual boundary. (8 to 46 inches thick)
Bk1--28 to 36 inches; light brown (7.5YR 6/3) loam, dark brown (7.5YR 3/3) moist; weak medium and coarse subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, nonsticky and slightly plastic; few very fine roots; few very fine tubular pores; strongly effervescent; calcium carbonate segregated in thin filaments; slightly alkaline (pH 7.8); gradual boundary. (0 to 13 inches thick)
Bk2--36 to 65 inches; pale brown (10YR 6/3) loam, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; massive; slightly hard, very friable, nonsticky and slightly plastic; few very fine tubular pores; strongly effervescent; calcium carbonate segregated in thin filaments; slightly alkaline.
TYPE LOCATION: Torrance County, New Mexico; 65 feet northeast of the southwest corner, Sec. 23, T.9N., R.8E. 106 degrees, 04 minutes, 02 seconds west longitude; 34 degrees, 58 minutes, 57 seconds north latitude.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil Moisture: Intermittently moist in some part of the soil moisture control section December through March and July through September.
Soil Temperature: 47 to 59 degrees F.
Mollic epipedon: more than 20 inches thick
Particle-size control section: 18 to 35 percent clay
Calcium carbonate equivalent: less than 15 percent above 40 inches.
Other features: Bk horizons are lacking in some pedons and the Bw horizon is underlain by calcareous C horizons. A buried A horizon occurs in some pedons. Where present, colors and textures are similar to the A and Bw horizons.
A horizon - Hue: 5YR to 10YR; Value: 4 or 5 dry, 2 or 3 moist
Chroma: 2 or 3
Texture: loam, silt loam, clay loam, sandy clay loam, fine sandy loam, gravelly loam or gravelly sandy clay loam.
Reaction: neutral to moderately alkaline.
B horizon - Hue: 5YR to 10YR; Value: 4 to 6 dry, 2 to 4 moist
Chroma: 2 to 4
Texture: silty clay loam, clay loam, silt loam, sandy clay loam, or loam
Reaction: Neutral to moderately alkaline.
C horizon - Hue: 10YR, 7.5YR; Value: 4 or 5 dry, 3 or 4 moist
Chroma: 2 to 4
Texture: loam, silt loam, sandy clay loam, clay loam, silty clay loam, fine sandy loam, or gravelly loamy sand.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Bon (SD), Frazwell (T AZ), Humbarger (KS), Lynx (AZ), Maskell (NE), Mauricanyon (CO), Merrick (NE), Pack (UT), Shanta (NM), St. Onge (SD) and Umbarg (CO) series. Bon, Humbarger, Maskell, Merrick, Shanta, St. Onge and Umbarg soils do not have Bw horizons and are calcareous throughout. Pack soils do not have Bw horizons and have redoximorphic features within the 10- to 40- inch particle-size control section. Frazwell soils have buried horizon and do not contain segregated calcium carbonate. Lynx soils do not have Bw horizons and are typically noncalcareous throughout the particle-size control section. Maskell and Merrick soils are noncalcareous within 40 inch depths. Mauricanyon soils are more moist in May and June.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: The Manzano soils are along drainageways, flood plains,valley floors, valley sides, and stream terraces, and the lower parts of alluvial fans. Slopes range from 0 to 10 percent. The soils formed in alluvium or slope alluvium derived from sedimentary rocks. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 11 to 14 inches and mean annual temperature ranges from 47 to 57 degrees F. The frost-free season ranges from 100 to 180 days and elevation ranges from 4,700 to 8,000 feet. Precipitation range as low as 10 inches in Arizona.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Amalia, Kim, Miera, and Willard soils. Amalia soils are skeletal, Kim, Miera, and Willard soils lack mollic epipedons.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained. Permeability is moderate. Runoff is negligible on slopes less than 1 percent, very low on 1 to 3 percent slopes, low on 3 to 5 percent slopes and medium on 5 to 10 percent slopes.
USE AND VEGETATION: Principal use is for livestock grazing but a few areas are used for dryland and irrigated cropland. Present vegetation is blue grama, western wheatgrass, vine mesquite, alkali sacaton and minor amounts of fourwing saltbush and cacti.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: North-central and south-central New Mexico, northern Arizona, western Texas and southern Colorado. MLRA 70. The series is extensive.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Phoenix, Arizona
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Torrance County, New Mexico, 1970.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Mollic epipedon (cumulic) - 0 to 28 inches. (A1, A2, Bw horizons).
Classified according to Keys to Soil Taxonomy Tenth Edition, 2006.