LOCATION MAPLEWOOD MOEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, mixed, active, mesic Fragiaquic Paleudalfs
TYPICAL PEDON: Maplewood silt loam - on a west facing concave sideslope of about 5 percent slope in a cropfield, moderately eroded at an elevation of 857 feet. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
Ap--0 to 6 inches; dark brown (10YR 3/3) silt loam, brown (10YR 5/3) dry; weak thin platy structure parting to weak fine granular; friable; common very fine, fine, and medium roots; about 5 percent chert gravel; neutral; clear smooth boundary. (6 to 10 inches thick)
Bt1--6 to 10 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/2) silty clay loam; common fine prominent dark reddish brown (5YR 3/4) and yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) mottles; strong fine subangular blocky structure; firm; common very fine, fine, and medium roots; many prominent clay films on faces of peds; about 5 percent chert gravel; neutral; clear smooth boundary.
Bt2--10 to 17 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/4) silty clay; many medium prominent yellowish red (5YR 4/6) and few fine distinct brown (7.5YR 5/2) mottles; strong fine and medium subangular blocky structure; firm; common very fine, fine, and medium roots; many prominent clay films on faces of peds; about 5 percent chert gravel; slightly acid; clear smooth boundary. (Combined thickness of the Bt horizon is 10 to 30 inches.)
2Btx1--17 to 24 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/4) silty clay loam; few fine distinct brown (7.5YR 5/2) mottles; moderate fine prismatic structure; very firm; few very fine, fine, and medium roots only between peds; many prominent clay films on faces of peds; moderately brittle; 5 percent chert gravel; neutral; gradual smooth boundary.
2Btx2--24 to 32 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/4) silty clay loam; few fine distinct pinkish gray (7.5YR 6/2) and common fine faint brown (7.5YR 5/4) mottles; strong very coarse prismatic structure (about 6 inches across); very firm; few very fine, fine, and medium roots only between peds; common prominent clay films on faces of peds; moderately brittle; 5 percent chert gravel; slightly acid; clear smooth boundary. (Combined thickness of the Btx horizon is 6 to 28 inches.)
3Bt1--32 to 46 inches; brown (7.5YR 5/4) very cobbly silty clay; common fine faint brown (7.5YR 4/4) mottles; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; firm; few very fine and fine roots; common distinct clay films on faces of peds and common dark brown stains; 40 percent chert gravel and 20 percent chert cobbles; slightly acid; gradual smooth boundary.
3Bt2--46 to 55 inches; yellowish red (5YR 5/6) very cobbly clay; common medium prominent brownish yellow (10YR 6/8) mottles; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; firm; few very fine and fine roots; many prominent clay films on faces of peds; 30 percent chert gravel and 25 percent chert cobbles; moderately acid; clear smooth boundary.
3Bt3--55 to 60 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) and yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) clay; moderate medium prismatic structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky; firm; many prominent clay films on faces of peds; 5 percent chert gravel and 5 percent chert cobbles; slightly acid.
TYPE LOCATION: Pettis County, Missouri; about 3.5 miles east of Sedalia, 2400 feet north and 1300 feet east of the southwest corner of section 9, T. 45 N., R. 20 W; USGS Sedalia East USGS quadrangle.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Depth to the Ex or 2Btx horizon ranges from 16 to 40 inches. Chert gravel by volume is 0 to 10 percent in the A and Bt horizons; 2 to 65 percent in the 2Btx horizon; and 0 to 40 percent in the 3Bt and 4Bt horizons. Chert cobble by volume is less than 5 percent in the A and Bt horizons, but ranges to 40 percent in the 2Btx horizon and up to 50 percent in the 3Bt horizon.
The A horizon has color value of 2 or 3 and chroma of 2 or 3. It commonly is silt loam, but includes silty clay loam. Reaction is strongly acid to neutral. An E horizon is present in some pedons that have not been cultivated.
The Bt horizon has hue of 10YR or 7.5YR, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 2 to 6. It is silty clay loam or silty clay. Reaction is strongly acid to neutral. Some pedons have an Ex horizon.
The 2Btx horizon has mottled colors with hue of 5YR to 10YR, value of 4 to 7 and chroma of 2 to 8. It is silt loam, silty clay loam, clay loam, or their gravelly, very gravelly, extremely gravelly, cobbly, very cobbly, or extremely cobbly analogues. Coarse fragments are often horizontally oriented and there is variable moderately expressed brittleness in 30 to 60 percent of the fine material. Reaction is medium acid to slightly alkaline.
The 2Bt, 3Bt, or 4Bt horizons (where present) have hue of 10R to 10YR, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 4 to 8 with mottles of lower chroma in some pedons. It is silty clay, clay, or their gravelly, very gravelly, cobbly, or very cobbly analogues. Reaction is medium acid to slightly alkaline.
COMPETING SERIES: There are no other series in this family.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Maplewood soils are on concave sideslopes in heads of drainageways. Slopes range from 2 to 9 percent. These soils formed in a thin mantle of loess, colluvium, and the underlying loamy and clayey residuum from limestone. Mean annual temperature ranges from 54 to 57 degrees F., and the mean annual precipitation ranges from 36 to 42 inches.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These include the Friendly, Hartwell and Paintbrush series. Friendly soils have an abrupt textural change and are on higher, broadly concave areas. Paintbrush soils are fine-loamy, browner in the upper Bt horizon and are on lower areas in the landscape where slopes are linear or convex. Hartwell soils are darker in the upper Bt horizon, do not have a lithologic discontinuity and are higher in the landscape.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Somewhat poorly drained. Permeability is slow. Runoff potential is high to very high. The upper depth of a perched water table is at 1.0 to 2.0 feet during November to April.
USE AND VEGETATION: A large portion of these soils is used for grass and legume pasture or hay crops. The remaining acreage is used mostly for grain sorghum, soybeans, and small grains. Native vegetation is mixed grasses and hardwood trees.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: The Ozark border area (MLRA 116B) in central and southwestern Missouri. This series is of moderate extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Indianapolis, Indiana
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Pettis County, Missouri, 1990.
REMARKS: The classification was changed from an Aquollic Hapludalf based on revisions to the 1998 Keys to Taxonomy.
The sequence and nomenclature of the lithologic discontinuities may differ depending on whether the upper part of the Btx is considered to be a part of the residuum or part of the loess. As many as four materials could be designated. The intent of any labeling should be consistent with the concept of the dense layer in the profile.
Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this series are:
ochric epipedon - the zone from the surface of the soil to a depth of 6 inches (Ap horizon);
argillic horizon - the zone from 6 to 67 inches (Bt1, Bt2, 2Btx1, 2Btx2, 3Bt1, 3Bt2 and 3Bt3 horizons).
ADDITIONAL DATA: University of Missouri soil characterization laboratory reference number M8815922.