LOCATION MARILLA NY
Established Series
Rev. JPW-JWW-PSP
06/2011
MARILLA SERIES
The Marilla series consists of very deep, moderately well drained soils formed in till. The Marilla soils occupy nearly level to moderately steep land forms of till plains. They have a fragipan that starts at a depth of 15 to 30 inches. Permeability is moderate above the fragipan and very slow in the fragipan and underlying till. Slope ranges from 0 to 25 percent. Mean annual temperature is 47 degrees F. and mean annual precipitation is 39 inches.
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, active, mesic Typic Fragiudepts
TYPICAL PEDON: Marilla channery silt loam - hay field. (Colors are for moist soil.)
Ap -- 0 to 7 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) channery silt loam; weak fine granular structure; very friable; many fine roots; 20 percent rock fragments, mainly shale; very strongly acid; clear smooth boundary. (4 to 9 inches thick.)
Bw1 -- 7 to 15 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) channery silt loam; very weak very fine granular structure; friable; common fine roots; 30 percent rock fragments, mainly shale; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.
Bw2 -- 15 to 20 inches; olive brown (2.5Y 4/4) channery silt loam; very weak coarse and medium platy structure related to oriented shale fragments; firm; few roots; many medium distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation and common medium distinct dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) iron depletions; 30 percent rock fragments, mainly shale; strongly acid; clear wavy boundary. (The combined thickness of the Bw horizon is 10 to 21 inches thick.)
Bx -- 20 to 44 inches; olive gray (5Y 4/2) very channery silt loam; moderate, very coarse (18 to 48 inch prisms) structure with gray (5Y 5/1) silt surfaces; massive within prisms; very firm, brittle; few pores with thin clay linings; many prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation in the upper part grading to common coarse prominent olive (5Y 5/6) masses of iron accumulation with depth; 50 percent rock fragments, mainly shale; strongly acid; diffuse boundary. (20 to 40 inches thick.)
C -- 44 to 72 inches; olive gray (5Y 4/2) very channery silt loam; massive; firm; 50 percent rock fragments, mainly shale; strongly acid.
TYPE LOCATION: Genesee County, New York; 2-1/4 miles south and 7/8 mile west of Darien Center, 20 rods north of Wyoming County line. USGS Corfu, NY topographic quadrangle; Latitude 42 degrees, 52 minutes, 40 seconds N. and Longitude 78 degrees, 25 minutes, 35 seconds W. NAD 1927.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: The thickness of the solum ranges from 40 to 66 inches. Depth to the top of the fragipan ranges from 15 to 30 inches. Depth to bedrock is greater than 60 inches in most areas but may range to 40 inches. Coarse fragments, consisting of thin brittle shale, range from 20 to 35 percent in horizons above the fragipan and 20 to 55 percent in the fragipan underlying till and includes 0 to 3 percent fragments greater than 3 inches above the fragipan and 3 to 5 percent in the fragipan and C horizon. Stones greater than 10 inches in diameter cover up to 20 percent of the surface in some areas. Soil reaction is very strongly acid or strongly acid above the fragipan and strongly acid to slightly acid in the fragipan and underlying till.
The Ap horizon has hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 3 or 4 and chroma of 2 or 3. It is loam or silt loam in the fine earth fraction. The Ap horizon has very weak to moderate, very fine to medium granular structure and friable or very friable consistence.
The Bw horizon has hue of 10YR through 5Y, value of 4 or 5 and chroma of 3 to 6 with distinct or prominent mottles below depths of 12 to 18 inches. Some pedons have faint redoximorphic features above depths of 12 inches. It is loam or silt loam in the fine earth fraction. It has weak or very weak, very fine through medium granular or subangular blocky structure in the upper part and very weak or weak fine subangular blocky or medium or coarse platy in the lower part. The Bw horizon has firm or friable consistence.
The Bx horizon has hue of 10YR through 5Y, value of 4 or 5 and chroma of 2 to 4 and contains redoximorphic features. It is loam or silt loam in the fine earth fraction and is massive or has very coarse prismatic structure.
Some pedons may have a transitional BC or CB horizon with color and texture similar to the Bx or C horizon.
The C horizon has hue of 10YR through 5Y, value of 4 or 5 and chroma of 2. It is loam or silt loam in the fine earth fraction and is massive or has plate-like divisions inherited from the large masses of shale in the parent material.
COMPETING SERIES: The
Langford series is the only series in the same family. Langford soils are strongly acid to slightly alkaline or neutral within a depth of 40 inches and have carbonates in the substratum.
Bath,
Broadalbin,
Cambridge,
Canaseraga,
Ira,
Lackawanna,
Mardin,
Sodus,
Swartswood,
Wellsboro, and
Wurtsboro are related soils in similar families. Bath, Broadalbin, Canaseraga, Ira, Lackawanna, Mardin, Sodus, Swartswood, Wellsboro, and Wurtsboro all have less than 18 percent clay in the Bw horizon. Cambridge soils have argillic horizons or thick clay films in the fragipan.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: The Marilla soils occupy nearly level to moderately steep land forms of till plains. Slope ranges from 0 to 25 percent. The regolith is firm very channery till derived predominantly from brittle, thin-bedded acid shale. Climate is humid and cool temperate. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 30 to 45 inches; mean annual air temperature from 46 degrees to 50 degrees F; mean frost-free season from 140 to 190 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the
Allis,
Derby,
Fremont,
Hornell,
Lordstown,
Manlius,
Mardin, and
Volusia soils. Allis and Hornell soils are wetter, contain more clay, and have bedrock at 20 to 40 inches. Derby and Fremont soils are wetter and do not contain fragipans. Lordstown and Manlius soils are better drained and have bedrock at 20 to 40 inches. Mardin and Volusia contain fewer shale fragments and Volusia is wetter.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Moderately well drained. The potential for surface runoff is medium to very high. Permeability is moderate above the fragipan and very slow in the fragipan and underlying till.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas have been cleared and are idle or used for pasture, hay, some oats and some corn. Woodlots contain sugar maple, American beech, red oak and scattered white pine.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Southwestern New York and possibly in the Mohawk and Hudson Valleys of New York. MLRA's 101 and 140. The series is of moderate to small extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Amherst, Massachusetts
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Wyoming County, New York, 1969.
REMARKS: This pedon lacks dry color information. Since mollic subgroup was a choice at the time of classification it is assumed it did not meet the mollic subgroup criteria. A new TP is needed to resolve this issue.
Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in the typical pedon are:
a. Ochric epipedon - the zone from 0 to 7 inches (Ap horizon).
b. Cambic horizon - the zone from 7 to 20 inches (Bw horizon).
c. Fragipan - the zone from 20 to 44 inches (Bx horizon).
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.