LOCATION MEADOWPASS         MT
Established Series
Rev. MJH-GLS-RJS
09/2008

MEADOWPASS SERIES


The Meadowpass series consists of moderately deep, well drained soils that are 20 to 40 inches deep over welded tuff bedrock. They formed in colluvium and residuum derived from semi-consolidated welded tuff. These soils are on hills. Slopes are 2 to 15 percent. The mean annual precipitation is about 17 inches, and the mean annual temperature is about 42 degrees F.

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, mixed, active, frigid Typic Argixerolls

TYPICAL PEDON: Meadowpass gravelly loam, rangeland. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted.)

A1--0 to 3 inches; dark gray (10YR 4/1) gravelly loam, very dark gray (10YR 3/1) moist; weak fine and medium granular structure; soft, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic, many very fine and fine and few medium and coarse roots; 15 percent gravel; slightly acid (pH 6.4); clear smooth boundary.

A2--3 to 9 inches; dark gray (10YR 4/1) gravelly loam, very dark gray (10YR 3/1) moist; weak medium subangular blocky structure; soft, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many very fine and fine and few medium and coarse roots; few fine tubular pores; 15 percent gravel, 5 percent cobbles; slightly acid (pH 6.4); clear smooth boundary. (Combined A horizons - 7 to 12 inches thick)

Bt1--9 to 12 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) gravelly loam, dark brown (10YR 3/3) moist; weak medium subangular blocky structure; soft, friable, slightly sticky and plastic; many very fine and fine and few medium roots; common fine tubular pores; few faint clay films on faces of peds; 15 percent gravel, 5 percent cobbles; slightly acid (pH 6.4); clear smooth boundary. (0 to 8 inches thick)

Bt2--12 to 18 inches; pale brown (10YR 6/3) sandy clay, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; weak coarse prismatic structure parting to strong medium angular blocky; hard, firm, sticky and very plastic; common very fine and fine and few medium roots; common very fine and fine interstitial and tubular pores; common prominent clay films on faces of peds and in pores; 10 percent gravel, 15 percent soft fragments; neutral (pH 6.8); gradual smooth boundary. (5 to 10 inches thick)

Bt/C--18 to 30 inches; B part (60 percent) is light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4) sandy clay, olive brown (2.5Y 4/4) moist; C part (40 percent) is pale yellow (2.5Y 7/4) sandy clay loam, light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4) moist; weak coarse prismatic structure; slightly hard, firm, sticky and very plastic; few very fine and fine roots along prism faces; few tubular and interstitial pores; common distinct clay films on faces of peds; 10 percent gravel, 40 percent soft fragments; neutral (pH 7.0); gradual smooth boundary. (4 to 15 inches thick)

Cr--30 inches; semi-consolidated welded tuff.

TYPE LOCATION: Sanders County, Montana; 2,900 feet east and 900 feet north of the SW corner of sec. 11, T. 24 N., R. 24 W.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:

Soil temperature - 41 to 44 degrees F.
Moisture control section - between 4 and 12 inches.
Mollic epipedon thickness - 7 to 16 inches.
Depth to Cr horizon - 20 to 40 inches.

A horizons
Value: 4 or 5 dry; 2 or 3 moist
Chroma: 1 or 2
Clay content: 15 to 27 percent
Rock fragments: 15 to 45 percent - 15 to 35 percent gravel; 0 to 10 percent cobbles
Reaction: pH 6.1 to 7.3

Bt1 horizon
Value: 5 or 6 dry; 3 or 4 moist
Chroma: 2 or 3
Clay content: 15 to 27
Rock fragments: 10 to 45 percent - 10 to 30 percent gravel; 0 to 5 percent cobbles; 0 to 10 percent soft fragments
Reaction: pH 6.1 to 7.3

Bt2 horizon
Hue: 10YR, 2.5Y
Value: 5 or 6 dry; 4 or 5 moist
Chroma: 3 or 4
Texture: sandy clay, clay
Clay content: 35 to 60 percent
Rock fragments: 15 to 50 percent - 5 to 25 percent gravel; 10 to 25 percent soft fragments
Reaction: pH 6.1 to 7.3

Bt/C horizon
10YR, 2.5Y
Value: B part - 5 or 6 dry, 4 or 5 moist; C part - 6 or 7 dry, 5 or 6 moist
Chroma: B part - 3, 4 or 6; C part - 3 or 4
Texture: sandy clay, sandy clay loam
Clay content: 30 to 50 percent
Rock fragments: 10 to 70 percent - 5 to 25 percent gravel; 5 to 45 percent soft fragments
Reaction: pH 6.1 to 7.3

COMPETING SERIES: There are no competing series.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:

Landform- hills.
Slope - 2 to 15 percent.
Elevation - 3,100 to 4,000 feet.
Parent material - colluvium and residuum derived from semi-consolidated welded tuff.
Climate - long, cold winters; moist springs; hot, dry summers.
Mean annual precipitation - 15 to 19 inches.
Mean annual temperature - 39 to 46 degrees F.
Frost-free season - 80 to 110 days.

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS:

DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained, slow permeability.

USE AND VEGETATION: Meadowpass soils are used as rangeland and pasture. Native vegetation is dominated by bluebunch wheatgrass, Idaho fescue, rough fescue, prairie junegrass and fringed sagewort.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Meadowpass soils are of limited extent in the intermountain valleys of northwestern Montana. MLRA 43A.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Bozeman, Montana

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Sanders County, Montana, 1997.

REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Mollic epipedon - 0 to 12 inches (A1, A2, and Bt1 horizons);
Argillic horizon - 9 to 30 inches (Bt1, Bt2 and Bt/C horizons);
Paralithic contact - at a depth of 30 inches (Cr horizon);
Particle size control section - 9 to 29 inches (Bt1, Bt2 and Bt/C horizons).

Meadowpass soils have a frigid temperature regime and a xeric moisture regime.

Soil interpretations record MT1219.


National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.