LOCATION MECKLING SDEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Mixed, mesic Aquic Udipsamments
TYPICAL PEDON: Meckling loamy fine sand, on a level area, in a cultivated field, at elevation of about 346 meters above mean sea level. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise stated.)
Ap--0 to 15 centimeters; grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) loamy fine sand, very dark grayish brown (2.5Y 3/2) moist; weak medium subangular blocky structure; soft, very friable; common fine and very fine roots throughout; common very fine vesicular pores; strongly effervescent; slightly alkaline; abrupt smooth boundary. (10 to 24 centimeters thick)
C1--15 to 41 centimeters; light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) fine sand with thin strata of very fine sand, loamy very fine sand, and very fine sandy loam, dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2) moist; single grain; loose; few very fine roots throughout; common very fine interstitial pores; few fine soft iron-manganese concretions; many black (2.5Y 2.5/1) organic bands less than 3 millimeters thick; few fine distinct gray (2.5Y 5/1) redoximorphic depletions, common fine prominent strong brown (7.5YR 4/6), and common fine and medium prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) redoximorphic concentrations, moist; strongly effervescent; slightly alkaline; clear smooth boundary.
C2--41 to 91 centimeters; light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) very fine sand with thin strata of fine sand, loamy very fine sand, and very fine sandy loam, dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2) moist; single grain; loose; common very fine interstitial pores; few fine soft iron-manganese concretions; common black (2.5Y 2.5/1) organic bands less than 3 millimeters thick; few fine distinct gray (2.5Y 5/1) redoximorphic depletions, common fine prominent strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) and many fine and medium prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) redoximorphic concentrations, moist; strongly effervescent; slightly alkaline; clear smooth boundary.
C3--91 to 137 centimeters; light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) fine sand with thin strata of very fine sand, loamy very fine sand, and very fine sandy loam, dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2) moist; single grain; loose; common very fine interstitial pores; few fine soft iron-manganese concretions; few black (2.5Y 2.5/1) organic bands less than 3 millimeters thick; few fine distinct gray (2.5Y 5/1) redoximorphic depletions; few fine prominent strong brown (7.5YR 4/6), and common fine prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) redoximorphic concentrations, moist; strongly effervescent; slightly alkaline; abrupt smooth boundary.
C4--137 to 203 centimeters; light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) stratified sand to very fine sand, dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2) moist; single grain; loose; many very fine interstitial pores; few fine soft iron-manganese concretions; common fine distinct gray (2.5Y 5/1) redoximorphic depletions and few fine prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) redoximorphic concentrations, moist; slightly effervescent; slightly alkaline.
TYPE LOCATION: Major Land Resource Area 102C-Loess Uplands, Clay County, South Dakota, subset; located about 3,410 feet south and 2,630 feet east of the northwest corner of section 23, T. 32 N., R. 4 E.; USGS Maskell topographic quadrangle; lat. 42 degrees 44 minutes 21 seconds N. and long. 96 degrees 55 minutes 40 seconds W., NAD 83.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Depth to carbonates--0 to 10 centimeters
Clay content in the particle-size control section (weighted average)--0 to 10 percent, less than 10 percent silt plus clay, and less than 40 percent silt plus clay plus very fine sand
Sand content in the particle-size control section (weighted average)--80 to 100 percent
Rock fragment content in the particle-size control section (weighted average)--0 percent
Ap or A horizon:
Hue--10YR or 2.5Y
Value--3 to 5 (2 to 4, moist)
Chroma--1 to 3
Texture--loamy fine sand, loamy sand, fine sandy loam, very fine sandy loam, or sandy loam
Clay content--2 to 18 percent
Sand content--70 to 95 percent
Rock fragment content--0 percent
Reaction--neutral or slightly alkaline
Some pedons have very thin strata of silt loam, silty clay loam, or silty clay
C horizon:
Hue--2.5Y
Value--5 or 6 (4 or 5, moist)
Chroma--2 or 3
Texture--stratified sand, very fine sand, fine sand, or loamy fine sand
Clay content--0 to 10 percent
Sand content--80 to 100 percent
Rock fragment content--0 percent
Reaction--slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline
Some pedons contain thin strata of very fine sandy loam, silt loam, silty clay loam, or silty clay
The redoximorphic features in the upper part of this soil are representative of past conditions and are considered relict.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the
Algansee,
Altmar,
Birchwood,
Brems,
Brockatonorton, Deedfield,
Elnora,
Fortress, Morroco,
Ottokee,
Partridge,
Tedrow, and
Zaborosky series.
Algansee--do not have carbonates within a depth of 100 centimeters
Altmar--have a rock fragment content that averages 10 percent in the particle-size control section
Birchwood--have a densic contact within a depth of 100 centimeters
Brems--do not have carbonates within the series control section
Brockatonorton--have a buried organic horizon
Deerfield--do not have carbonates within the series control section
Elnora--do not have carbonates within the series control section
Fortress--do not have carbonates within a depth of 100 centimeters
Morocco--are not stratified within a depth of 150 centimeters
Ottokee--do not have carbonates within a depth of 100 centimeters
Partridge--have a lithic contact with sandstone within a depth of 100 centimeters
Tedrow--do not have carbonates within a depth of 60 centimeters
Zaborosky--have buried A horizons
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material--sandy alluvium
Landform--plane to convex slopes on flood plains and low stream terraces
Slope--0 to 4 percent
Elevation--200 to 400 meters above sea level
Mean annual precipitation--500 to 670 millimeters
Mean air annual temperature--8 to 11 degrees C
Frost-free period--115 to 225 days
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the
Grable,
Haynie,
Norway,
Sarpy, and
Ticonic soils.
Grable--are at higher landscape positions on stream terraces and have a clay content that averages 12 to 16 percent in the upper half of the particle-size control section
Haynie--are at higher landscape positions on stream terraces and have a clay content that averages 15 to 18 percent in the particle-size control section
Norway--are at lower landscape positions and have a frequently saturated zone within a depth of 0.45 meter during the wettest periods of years when precipitation is within one standard deviation of the 30 year mean of annual precipitation
Sarpy--are at higher landscape positions on stream terraces and do not have a frequently saturated zone within a depth of 1.8 meters during the wettest periods of years when precipitation is within one standard deviation of the 30 year mean of annual precipitation
Ticonic--are at higher landscape positions on stream terraces and do not have a frequently saturated zone within a depth of 1.8 meters during the wettest periods of years when precipitation is within one standard deviation of the 30 year mean of annual precipitation
DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY:
Drainage class--moderately well drained--a frequently saturated zone occurs with depths of 0.75 to 1.2 meters during the wettest periods of years when precipitation is within one standard deviation of the 30 year mean of annual precipitation
Saturated hydraulic conductivity--100.00 to 705.00 micrometers per second
Flooding--rarely or occasionally flooded for brief duration
USE AND VEGETATION:
Some areas are cultivated. Some areas are irrigated. The principal crops are corn, soybeans, small grains, and alfalfa. Some areas are pastured. The native vegetation commonly is big bluestem, little bluestem, and Indiangrass with a few cottonwood and willow trees.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT:
Physiographic Division--Interior Plains
Physiographic Provinces--Central Lowland and Great Plains
Physiographic sections--Western lake section and High Plains
MLRAs--Northern Rolling Pierre Shale Plains (63A),
Southern Rolling Pierre Shale Plains (63B),
Till Plains (102B), and
Loess Uplands (102C)
LRRs G and M; Flood plains, islands, and low stream terraces of the Missouri River in South Dakota
Extent--small
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: St. Paul, Minnesota
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Clay County, South Dakota, 1995. The name is from a small town in Clay County.
REMARKS:
Particle-size control section--the zone from a depth of 25 to 100 centimeters;
series control section--the zone from the surface to a depth of 150 centimeters.
Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon include:
ochric epipedon--the zone from the surface of the soil to a depth of 15 centimeters (Ap horizon);
aquic feature--redoximorphic features with chroma of 2 or less above a depth of 1 meter;
udic moisture regime.
It is believed that a frequently saturated zone was within depths of 0 to 0.3 meters when these soils formed.
Meckling soil was formerly mapped as Fluvaquents and Riverwash or included with Sarpy soils in previous surveys.
Taxonomy version--Keys to Soil Taxonomy, tenth edition, 2006.