LOCATION MOSHAWQUIT WIEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Loamy, mixed, active, frigid Arenic Glossudalfs
TYPICAL PEDON: Moshawquit loamy sand - on a southeast facing 14 percent slope in a young regrowth hardwood forest at an elevation of about 960 feet. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
Oa--0 to 1 inch; very dark brown (7.5YR 2/2) highly decomposed plant material; weak fine subangular blocky structure; very friable; many fine roots; strongly acid; abrupt wavy boundary. (0 to 2 inches thick)
A--1 to 3 inches; very dark gray (10YR 3/1) loamy sand, dark gray (10YR 4/1) dry; weak fine subangular blocky structure; very friable; many fine roots; common uncoated sand grains; about 1 percent gravel; strongly acid; abrupt wavy boundary. (0 to 3 inches thick)
Bw1--3 to 7 inches; dark brown (7.5YR 3/4) loamy sand; weak fine subangular blocky structure; very friable; many fine roots; about 2 percent gravel; strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.
Bw2--7 to 14 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/4) sand; weak medium subangular blocky structure; very friable; common fine roots; about 2 percent gravel; strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
Bw3--14 to 26 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) sand; weak medium subangular blocky structure; very friable; common fine roots; about 3 percent gravel and 1 percent cobbles; moderately acid; abrupt wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of the Bw horizons is 10 to 32 inches)
2E/B--26 to 30 inches; 70 percent brown (10YR 5/3) loamy sand (2E), very pale brown (10YR 7/3) dry; weak medium platy structure; very friable; extends into or surrounds remanants of reddish brown (5YR 4/4) sandy loam (2Bt); moderate fine angular blocky structure; friable; common distinct dark reddish brown (5YR 3/4) clay films on faces of peds; common fine roots; about 5 percent gravel and 1 percent cobbles; strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.
2B/E1--30 to 39 inches; 70 percent reddish brown (5YR 4/4) sandy loam (2Bt); moderate fine angular blocky structure; friable; many distinct dark reddish brown (5YR 3/4) clay films on faces of peds; surrounded by brown (7.5YR 5/3) sandy loam (2E), pink (7.5YR 7/3) dry; weak medium platy structure; very friable; few fine roots; about 6 percent gravel and 1 percent cobbles; moderately acid; clear wavy boundary.
2B/E2--39 to 48 inches; 80 percent reddish brown (5YR 4/3) sandy loam (2Bt); weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common faint dark reddish brown (5YR 3/4) clay films on faces of peds; surrounded by brown (7.5YR 5/3) sandy loam (2E), pink (7.5YR 7/3) dry; weak medium platy structure; very friable; few fine roots; about 7 percent gravel and 1 percent cobbles; moderately acid; abrupt wavy boundary. (Glossic horizon - 8 to 22 inches thick)
3C--48 to 60 inches; light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) sand; single grain; loose; about 2 percent gravel; slightly alkaline.
TYPE LOCATION: Menominee County, Wisconsin; about 7 miles north to northeast of Keshena; 430 feet west and 1,800 feet north of the southeast corner of section 20, T. 29 N., R. 16 E.; USGS Legend Lake quadrangle; latitude 44 degrees 58 minutes 36 seconds N. and longitude 88 degrees 34 minutes 21 seconds W.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: (Unless otherwise stated, depth is measured from the top of the mineral soil.) Thickness of the sandy mantle ranges from 20 to 40 inches. Thickness of the loamy deposits ranges from 10 to 30 inches. Depth to underlying sandy deposits ranges from 40 to 60 inches. Depth to carbonates ranges from 40 to 80 inches. The weighted average clay content ranges from 8 to 18 percent and the weighted average content of fine sand or coarser ranges from 35 to 65 percent in the particle-size control section. Rock fragments are a mixture of igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary. The sedimentary rocks are mostly dolomite. Volume of gravel ranges from 0 to 15 percent in the sandy mantle, 2 to 15 percent in the loamy deposits, and 0 to 35 percent in the underlying sandy deposits. Volume of cobbles ranges from 0 to 5 percent throughout the profile. Reaction ranges from very strongly acid to slightly acid in the upper part of the solum and strongly acid to neutral in the lower part. Typically, reaction is mildly or moderately alkaline in the substratum, but in some pedons the upper part is slightly acid or neutral.
The O horizon has hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 2 or 3, and chroma of 1 or 2. It is a mat of partially decomposed forest litter.
The A horizon has hue of 10YR, value of 2 or 3, and chroma of 1 to 3. It is loamy sand.
The Bw horizon has hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 3 to 5, and chroma of 3 to 6. It is sand, loamy sand, fine sand, or loamy fine sand.
Some pedons have an E' horizon with hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 2 or 3. Colors of 4/3 or 5/3 have value dry of 7 or more. It is sand, loamy sand, fine sand, or loamy fine sand.
Moshawquit soils have a glossic horizon (2E/B or 2B/E horizons, or both). The 2E part has color like the E' horizon above. It is sand, loamy sand, sandy loam, fine sand, loamy fine sand, or fine sandy loam. The 2Bt part has hue of 5YR or 7.5YR, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 3 or 4. Typically, it is sandy loam, fine sandy loam, or loam, but thin subhorizons of sandy clay loam are in some pedons.
Some pedons have a 2Bt horizon with color and texture like the 2Bt part described above.
Some pedons have a 3Bt or 3BC horizon with hue of 5YR or 7.5YR, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 4 to 6. It is sand, coarse sand, loamy sand, sandy loam, or the gravelly analogs. It is stratified in some pedons.
The 3C horizon has hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 3 or 4. It is stratified sand, coarse sand, or the gravelly analogs.
COMPETING SERIES: This is the Rabe (T) series. Rabe soils have loamy till at depths of 40 to 60 inches or more.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Moshawquit soils are on ground moraines and outwash fans. Slope gradients range from 2 to 15 percent. These soils formed in sandy outwash underlain by loamy till and by calcareous, sandy outwash. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 28 to 33 inches. Mean annual temperature ranges from 39 to 45 degrees F. The frost free period ranges from about 120 to 135 days. Elevation ranges from 870 to 1,150 feet.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Frechette (T), Perote (T), and Rabe (T) soils. The well drained Frechette (T) soils are on nearby areas that do not have a sandy mantle or sandy outwash outwash at 40 to 60 inches. The well drained Perote (T) soils are on nearby areas that do not have the sandy mantle. The well drained Rabe (T) soils are on nearby areas where the sandy mantle overlies loamy glacial till to a depth of 60 inches or more.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained. Surface runoff is very slow or slow. Permeability is rapid in the sandy outwash, moderate in the loamy till, and rapid or very rapid in the calcareous outwash.
USE AND VEGETATION: These soils are mostly in woodland. Timber stands are mostly red maple, northern red oak, eastern white pine, and quaking aspen with white oak, northern pin oak, sugar maple, American beech, American basswood, white ash, and paper birch as associates in most stands. Black cherry and red pine are associates in some stands. Some areas are cleared and used as cropland. Common crops are corn, small grain, and hay. Some areas are used for pastureland.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Northeastern Wisconsin. The extent is small. The area is currently included in MLRA 93. It will be included in MLRA 95A when MLRA boundaries are updated. It is on the Silver Cliff Member of the Kewaunee Formation of the Green Bay Lobe of Late Woodfordian age (12,000 BP) of Late Wisconsinian glaciation.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: St. Paul, Minnesota.
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Menominee County, Wisconsin, 1999. Source of name is a lake in Menominee County.
REMARKS: Moshawquit soils formerly were included with the Menominee soils which do not have a sandy C horizon and require a spodic horizon and greater than 18 percent clay in the argillic horizon.
Diagnostic horizons and other features recognized in this pedon: ochric epipedon - 0 to 3 inches (Oa, A); ; glossic horizon - 26 to 48 inches (2E/B, 2B/E1, 2B/E2); argillic horizon - 30 to 48 inches (2B/E1, 2B/E2); arenic subgroup - sandy particle size from 1 to 26 inches (A, Bw1, Bw2, Bw3).
ADDITIONAL DATA: Refer to soil survey number S97WI-078-932 for NSSL data on the typical pedon.