LOCATION MULLERS SCEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, kaolinitic, acid, thermic Fluventic Endoaquepts
TYPICAL PEDON: Mullers clay, forested. (Colors are for moist soil.)
A--0 to 3 centimeters (about 0 to 1 inch); very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) clay; moderate medium granular structure; very friable; many fine and medium roots; common fine and medium pores; very strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.
Bw--3 to 20 centimeters (about 1 to 8 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) clay; weak medium subangular blocky structure; firm; moderately sticky, moderately plastic; few fine roots; common fine pores; common medium distinct strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) masses of oxidized iron and common medium prominent light gray (10YR 7/2) iron depletions; strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of Bg horizon is 40 to more than 60 inches.)
Bg1--20 to 102 centimeters (about 8 to 40 inches); light gray (10YR 7/1) silty clay; weak medium subangular blocky structure; firm; moderately sticky, moderately plastic; few fine roots; common medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) and light red (2.5YR 7/6) masses of oxidized iron, common coarse prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of oxidized iron; strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary.
Bg2--102 to 142 centimeters (about 40 to 56 inches); light gray (10YR 7/1) silt loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable; slightly sticky, slightly plastic; common medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) and light red (2.5YR 7/6) masses of oxidized iron, common coarse prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of oxidized iron; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
Bg3--142 to 203 centimeters (about 56 to 80 inches); dark bluish gray (5B 4/1) silt loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable; slightly sticky, slightly plastic; common coarse prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) masses of oxidized iron; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
TYPE LOCATION: Sumter County, South Carolina; 4.7 miles west of State Highway 261 on U.S. 76/378, about 3.4 miles south on woodland road, about 240 feet west of road. Wedgefield, South Carolina; USGS 7.5 Minute Quadrangle, NAD83. lat. 33 degrees, 54 minutes, 32.00 seconds N. and long. 80 degrees, 36 minutes, 46.00 seconds W.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Depth to Bedrock: Greater than 80 inches
Depth to Seasonal High Water Table: 10 to 20 inches, November to May
Silt content: more than 25 percent in the control section
Mica content: none to common
Rock Fragment content: 0 to 5 percent by volume
Soil Reaction: Extremely acid to moderately acid unless limed
RANGE OF INDIVIDUAL HORIZONS:
A horizon or Ap horizon (where present):
Color--hue of 7.5YR to 10YR, value of 4 to 6, chroma of 2 to 4.
Texture (fine-earth fraction)--loam, silt loam, silty clay loam, silty clay, clay loam, or clay
Bw horizon:
Color--hue of 7.5YR to 2.5Y, value of 4 to 6, chroma of 3 to 6.
Texture (fine-earth fraction)--loam, silt loam, silty clay loam, silty clay, clay loam, or clay
Redoximorphic features (where present)--masses of oxidized iron in shades of red, yellow, or brown and iron depletions in shades of brown, yellow, olive, or gray
Bg horizon:
Color--hue of 10YR to 10B value of 4 to 7, chroma of 1 or 2, or is neutral with value of 4 to 7
Texture (fine-earth fraction)--silty clay loam, clay loam, silty clay, or clay
Clay content: 35 to 59 percent weighted average in the control section
Redoximorphic features (where present)--masses of oxidized iron in shades of red, yellow, or brown and iron depletions in shades of brown, yellow, olive, or gray
Cg horizon (where present):
Color--hue of 10YR to 10B, value of 4 to 7, chroma of 1 or 2, or is neutral with value of 4 to 7
Texture (fine-earth fraction)--sandy clay loam, silty clay loam, clay loam, silty clay, or clay
Clay content: 27 percent or more
Redoximorphic features (where present)--masses of oxidized iron in shades of red, yellow, or brown and iron depletions in shades of brown, yellow, olive, or gray
2Cg horizon:
Color--hue of 10YR to 10B, value of 4 to 7, chroma of 1 or 2, or is neutral with value of 4 to 7
Texture (fine-earth fraction)--variable, ranging from sandy to clayey material
Redoximorphic features (where present)--masses of oxidized iron in shades of red, yellow, or brown and iron depletions in shades of brown, yellow, olive, or gray
COMPETING SERIES:
No known series in same family.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Landscape: Coastal Plain river valley
Landform: Flood plain
Geomorphic Component: Flood-plain step
Parent Material: Alluvium
Elevation: 3 to 50 meters (about 10 to 165 feet)
Annual Temperature: 14 to 21 degrees C (57 to 70 degrees F)
Annual Precipitation: 1040 to 1400 mm ( about 41 to 55 inches)
Frost Free Period: 202 to 253 days
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS:
Chastain soils--have mixed mineralogy
Chenneby soils--have dominant chroma of more than 2 in the upper 20 inches of the soil
Chewacla soils--have dominant chroma of more than 2 in the upper 20 inches of the soil
Duckbottom soils--have dominant choma of 2 or less below the surface
Riverview soils--have dominant chroma of more than 2 in the upper 20 inches of the soil
Shellbluff soils--have dominant chroma of more than 2 in the upper 20 inches of the soil
Tawcaw soils--have dominant chroma of more than 2 in the upper 20 inches of the soil
Wehadkee soils--have less than 35 percent clay
DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY:
Drainage Class (Agricultural): Poorly drained
Internal Free Water Occurrence: Shallow, common
Flooding Frequency and Duration: Frequent or occasional for brief periodS
Ponding Frequency and Duration: None
Index Surface Runoff: Negligible
Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity: Moderately low (0.42 to 1.4 micrometers per second) in the upper part and moderately low to very high (0.42 to 705 micrometers per second) in the lower part)
Permeability: Slow
USE AND VEGETATION:
Major Uses:
Dominant Vegetation: Where cultivated--pasture. Where woodedtupelo, black gum, cypress, green ash, cottonwood, sweetgum, red maple, yellow poplar, water oak, willow oak, and cherry-bark oak.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT:
Distribution: South Carolina
Extent: Small
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Raleigh, North Carolina
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Calhoun County, South Carolina, 1993.
REMARKS:
03/2009. Revised the classification to Fluventic Endoaquepts according to criteria for cambic horizon in Keys to Soil Taxonomy, 10th edition, 2006. Clay mineralogy is predominantly kaolinite, hydroxyl-interlayered vermiculite, and gibbsite.
Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon--the zone from 0 to 2 inches (A horizon)
Cambic horizon--the zone from 1 to 80 inches
Aquic conditions--the zone from 2 inches to a depth of 80 inches is periodically saturated (endosaturation)
ADDITIONAL DATA:
Laboratory Data: Characterization/Reference data are available from NRCS-Soil Survey Laboratory, Lincoln, NE.: User Pedon ID (08SC085015) or Lab Pedon Number (08N0440) is representative of the Mullers Series.