LOCATION MANIDO MI
Established Series
WEP-JSE-LMC-JFH
06/2011
MANIDO SERIES
The Manido series consists of very deep, moderately well drained soils on outwash plains, stream terraces, lake plains and outwash fans. These soils formed in sandy outwash. Saturated hydraulic conductivity is rapid. Slopes range from 0 to 6 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 760 millimeters. Mean annual air temperature is about 6 degrees C.
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Sandy, isotic, frigid Lamellic Oxyaquic Haplorthods
TYPICAL PEDON: Manido fine sand - on a 5 percent slope in a forested area at an elevation of about 432 meters. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
Oe--0 to 8 centimeters; moderately decomposed plant material; very coarse roots and many very fine to coarse roots; extremely acid (pH 3.6); abrupt smooth boundary.
E--8 to 23 centimeters; pinkish gray (7.5YR 6/2) fine sand; single grain; loose; very coarse roots and many very fine to coarse roots; extremely acid (pH 3.5); clear irregular boundary. (2 to 30 centimeters thick)
Bhs--23 to 28 centimeters; reddish black (2.5YR 2.5/1) fine sand; weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable; very coarse roots and many very fine to coarse roots; ultra acid (pH 3.3); 30 percent strongly cemented ortstein; clear irregular boundary. (5 to 25 centimeters thick)
Bs--28 to 43 centimeters; dark reddish brown (5YR 3/4) fine sand; weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable; many medium and coarse roots and very coarse roots; extremely acid (pH 3.5); tongues of strongly cemented ortstein; gradual irregular boundary. (15 to 51 centimeters thick)
Bw--43 to 94 centimeters; strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) fine sand; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; very friable; 1 percent gravel; extremely acid (pH 4.0); tongues of moderately cemented ortstein; lamellae are 0.3 to 0.6 centimeters thick; total accumulation of lamellae is less than 15 centimeters; gradual wavy boundary. (0 to 51 centimeters thick)
E and Bt--94 to 152 centimeters; pinkish gray (7.5YR 6/2) stratified fine sand, sand, and very fine sand (E); brown (7.5YR 4/4) loamy sand (Bt); lamellae are 0.3 to 0.6 centimeters thick; clay bridging between sand grains; total accumulation of lamellae is less than 15 centimeters; massive; very friable; 1 percent gravel; 5 percent very coarse prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) masses of oxidized iron; extremely acid; gradual smooth boundary. (38 to 107 centimeters thick)
C--152 to 203 centimeters; brown (7.5YR 5/4) stratified fine sand, sand, and very fine sand; massive; very friable; 1 percent medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) and strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of oxidized iron; 1 percent gravel and 1 percent cobbles; extremely acid (pH 4.2).
TYPE LOCATION: Major Land Resource Area (MLRA 92) Superior Lake Plain, Ontonagon County Michigan Subset; about 2.75 miles north of highway 38 along Houghton County line; 1120 feet west and 770 feet north of the southeast corner of sec. 24, T. 51 N., R. 37 W.; latitude 46 degrees 47 minutes 47 seconds North and longitude 88 degrees 56 minutes 12 seconds West.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Unless otherwise stated, depths are measured from the top of the mineral soil (top of the E horizon).
Thickness of the solum (depth to the top of the C horizon) - 64 to 203 centimeters
Gravel content (by volume)- 0 to 14 percent throughout
Ortstein content - 0 to 30 percent
Depth to free carbonates - greater than 203 centimeters
Reaction - ultra acid to moderately acid (pH less than 3.5 to 6.0)
Redox concentrations and water saturation occur within 100 centimeters.
O horizon:
Hue - 7.5YR or 10YR
Value - 2 or 3
Chroma - 1 or 2
It is a mat of moderately to highly decomposed forest litter.
A horizon (when present):
Hue - 7.5YR or 10YR
Value - 2 or 3
Chroma - 1 or 2
Texture - sand, fine sand, loamy sand, or loamy fine sand
E horizon:
Hue - 7.5YR or 10YR
Value - 4 to 6
Texture - sand, fine sand, loamy sand, or loamy fine sand
Bhs horizon:
Hue 2.5YR, 5YR, or 7.5YR
Value - 2 to 3
Chroma 1, 2 or 3
Texture - sand, fine sand, loamy sand, or loamy fine sand
Bs horizon:
Hue - 5YR or 7.5YR
Value - 3 or 4
Chroma - 4 to 6
Texture - sand, fine sand, loamy sand, or loamy fine sand
BC horizon:
Hue - 7.5YR or 10YR
Value - 4 to 6
Chroma - 4 to 6
Texture - sand, fine sand, loamy sand, or loamy fine sand
E part of the E and Bt horizon:
Hue - 7.5YR or 10YR
Value - 4 to 6
Chroma - 2 to 6
Texture - stratified sand, fine sand and very fine sand
Bt part of the E and Bt horizon:
Hue - 5YR or 7.5YR
Value - 4 to 6
Chroma - 4 to 6
Texture - loamy sand or loamy fine sand
The Bt part occurs as individual lamellae each 0.2 to 2.5 centimeters thick with total thickness to a depth of 203 centimeters of 15 centimeters or less.
C horizon:
Hue - 7.5YR or 10YR
Value - 4 to 6
Chroma - 3 to 6
Texture - stratified fine sand, fine sand, very fine sand, coarse sand, and/or sand
COMPETING SERIES: There are no other series in this taxonomic family.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent Material - outwash
Landforms - outwash plains, stream terraces, lake plains, and outwash fans
Slope - 0 to 6 percent (see Remarks section)
Mean annual precipitation - 740 to 840 millimeters
Mean annual air temperature ranges from 4 to 7 degrees C.
Frost free period - 90 to 120 days
Elevation - 250 to 415 meters
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the
Alcona,
Annalake,
Belding,
Deford, and
Liminga soils.
Alcona - are on nearby loamy areas, and in the coarse-loamy particle-size class and Alfic Haplorthods Subgroup.
Annalake - are on nearby loamy areas, and in the coarse-loamy particle-size class and Alfic Oxyaquic Haplorthods Subgroup.
Belding are in nearby areas of loamy till, and in the coarse-loamy particle-size class and Alfic Epiaquods Subgroup.
Deford are in the Typic Psammaquents Subgroup.
Liminga are higher on the landscape and in the Typic Haplorthods Subgroup.
DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY:
Drainage - Manido soils have a seasonal zone of water saturation at 61 to 107 centimeters for 1 month or more per year at some time during September to June in 6 or more out of 10 years (moderately well drained).
Saturated hydraulic conductivity - rapid
USE AND VEGETATION: These soils are mostly in woodland. Typically, timber stands are mostly sugar maple, eastern hemlock, yellow birch, and red maple but some stands are dominantly eastern white pine. Northern red oak, eastern white pine, aspen, paper birch, balsam fir, and red pine are associates in most stands. Some areas are cleared and used for cropland and pasture. Common crops are small grains and hay.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT:
Physiographic Division
--Laurentian Upland
Physiographic Province
--Superior Upland
Land Resource Region
--Northern Lake States Forest and Forage region (LRR K)
Major Land Resource Area
--Superior Lake Plain (MLRA 92)
Manido soils are moderately extensive; 12,870 hectares are correlated to date.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: St. Paul, Minnesota.
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Major Land Resource Area 92 Superior Lake Plain; Ontonagon County Michigan Subset, January 2007. Proposed in Ontonagon County, Michigan, 2005. Source of the name is a waterfall in Gogebic County.
REMARKS: Manido soils were formerly included with the Neconish and Halfaday series.
Diagnostic horizons and other features recognized in the typical pedon include:
Ochric epipedon - 0 to 23 centimeters (Oe and E horizons)
Albic horizon - 8 to 23 centimeters (E horizon)
Spodic horizon - 23 to 43 centimeters (Bhs and Bs horizons)
Oxyaquic feature - redox accumulations and water saturation within a depth of 100 centimeters
Lamella Bt part of E and Bt horizon
Ninety three hectares of Manido with slopes up to 35 percent have been mapped, but the slope-landscape-internal soil water relationship is currently not well enough documented to range the slopes beyond 6 percent.
ADDITIONAL DATA: Refer to User Pedon ID 01MI-131-013 (Neconish) at the National Soil Survey Lab (http://ssldata.nrcs.usda.gov/) for characterization data.
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.