LOCATION MARQUAND MOEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-silty, mixed, active, mesic Aquic Hapludults
TYPICAL PEDON: Marquand silt loam - on a terrace of 1 percent slope in a fescue pasture at an elevation of 630 feet. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
Ap--0 to 5 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) silt loam; pale brown (10YR 6/3) dry; moderate fine granular structure; very friable; many very fine and fine roots; common very fine pores; moderately acid (pH 5.7); abrupt wavy boundary. (5 to 7 inches thick)
E--5 to 8 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/6) silt loam; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; friable; many very fine and fine roots; moderately acid (pH 5.6); clear wavy boundary. (0 to 3 inches thick)
Bt1--8 to 16 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) silty clay loam; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; friable; many very fine and fine and few medium roots; few faint clay films; very strongly acid (pH 5.0); clear wavy boundary
Bt2--16 to 22 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/6) silty clay loam; common fine distinct brown (10YR 5/3) mottles; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; friable; common very fine and fine roots; few distinct clay films; few distinct pale brown (10YR 6/3) clay depletions in lower part; few fine black masses of iron and manganese accumulation; very strongly acid (pH 4.9); clear wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of the Bt horizon is 13 to 15 inches).
2Bt/E--22 to 28 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) silty clay loam (Bt); moderate fine prismatic structure parting to moderate very fine and fine subangular blocky; friable; light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) silt (E) 2 mm thick covering faces of peds; common very fine and fine matted roots; common fine and medium distinct grayish brown (10YR 5/2) iron depletions; few fine prominent strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) masses of iron accumulation; common prominent clay films and flows; 4 percent chert gravel; very strongly acid (pH 4.9); clear wavy boundary. (6 to 10 inches thick)
2Bt1--28 to 33 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/6) silt loam; moderate fine and medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few very fine roots; common fine prominent gray (10YR 5/1) iron depletions; common fine distinct strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) masses of iron accumulation; common distinct clay films and flows; few distinct gray (10YR 6/1) clay depletions; few very fine iron and manganese concretions; 4 percent gravel; very strongly acid (pH 4.9); clear wavy boundary.
2Bt2--33 to 43 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) and dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/6) silt loam; moderate fine and medium subangular blocky structure; friable; very few very fine roots; few distinct clay films; few fine brown masses of iron accumulation; very few light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) clay depletions; common very fine black masses of iron and manganese accumulations; 3 percent chert and sandstone gravel; very strongly acid (pH 4.9); gradual wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of 2Bt horizons is 15 to 36 inches)
3Bt3--43 to 50 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) silt loam; moderate fine and medium subangular blocky structure; friable; very few very fine roots; common fine distinct grayish brown (10YR 5/2) iron depletions; few fine prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) masses of iron accumulation; few distinct clay films; common very fine black masses of iron and manganese accumulation; 12 percent chert and sandstone gravel and 1 percent cobble; very strongly acid (4.9); clear wavy boundary.
3Bt4--50 to 59 inches; coarsely mottled dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/6) with strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) and red (2.5YR 4/6) silty clay loam; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; friable; very few very fine roots; common fine prominent grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) iron depletions; common prominent clay films and flows; common fine black iron and manganese concretions; 3 percent chert and sandstone gravel; very strongly acid (pH 4.8); gradual wavy boundary.
3Bt5--59 to 69 inches; coarsely mottled dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/6) with strong brown (7.5YR 5/8), red (2.5YR 4/8) and dark red (2.5YR 3/6) silty clay loam; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; friable; very few very fine roots; common medium prominent grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) iron depletions; common prominent clay films and flows; 8 percent fine chert gravel; very strongly acid (pH 4.7); gradual wavy boundary.
3Bt6--69 to 80 inches; coarsely mottled yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) and red (2.5YR 4/6) silt loam; moderate medium platy structure parting to moderate fine subangular blocky; firm; very few very fine roots; few fine prominent grayish brown (10YR 5/2) iron depletions; many prominent clay films and flows; 3 percent fine gravel; very strongly acid (pH 4.7). (Combined thickness of the 3Bt horizons is 0 to 37 inches)
TYPE LOCATION: Madison County, Missouri; 3,300 feet south and 2,100 feet east of the northwest corner of section 34, T. 31 N., R. 8 E.; Allbright USGS quadrangle; latitude 37 degrees 19 minutes 7 seconds N., and longitude 90 degrees 9 minutes 25 seconds W.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Solum thickness: more than 60 inches
A horizon
Hue: 10YR
Value: 3 to 5
Chroma: 3 or 4
Fine earth: silt loam
Rock fragments: 0 to 1 percent
Reaction: very strongly acid to slightly acid
E horizon
Hue: 10YR
Value: 4 to 6
Chroma: 2 to 8
Fine earth: silt loam or silt
Rock fragments: 0 to 1 percent
Reaction: moderately acid to slightly acid
Bt horizon
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 4 to 6
Chroma: 3 to 6
Fine earth: silt loam or silty clay loam
Rock fragments: 0 to 1 percent
Reaction: very strongly acid to moderately acid
2Bt horizon
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 4 to 6
Chroma: 3 to 8
Fine earth: silty clay loam or silt loam
Rock fragments: 0 to 7 percent
Reaction: very strongly acid to strongly acid
3Bt horizon
Hue: 2.5YR to 10YR
Value: 3 to 6
Chroma: 4 to 8
Fine earth: silt loam, silty clay loam, or clay loam
Rock fragments: 0 to 15
Reaction: very strongly acid to strongly acid
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Deputy, Mattapex, and Sharptown series. Deputy soils have a paralithic contact from 40 to 60 inches. Mattapex soils have a base of the solum from 24 to 48 inches. Sharptown soils formed in marine sediments that contain glauconite.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Marquand soils are on gently sloping to strongly sloping terraces and footslopes. They formed in silty and loamy slope alluvium derived from limestone and dolostone. Slopes range from 1 to 15 percent. Mean annual temperature ranges from 54 to 58 degrees F., and the mean annual precipitation ranges from 32 to 48 inches.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Bearthicket, Delassus, Fourche, and Secesh series. Bearthicket soils have a higher base saturation, and are on lower terrace levels. Delassus soils are fine-loamy, have a fragipan, and are at higher elevations. Fourche soils have a higher base saturation and are adjacent hillslopes. Secesh soils are well drained, fine-loamy, and are on floodplains.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Moderately well drained. Runoff is low to medium. Permeability is moderately slow. The upper depth of a perched water table is at about 2.0 to 3.5 feet during winter and early spring in most years.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas of these soils are used for grass and legume pasture or hay crops. The remaining acreage is used for grain and timber production. Native vegetation is mixed grasses, hardwoods, and pines.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Ozark region (MLRAs 116A and 116C) of southeast Missouri. It is being mapped in the St. Francois Mountains and the Ozark Highlands. The series is of moderate extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Morgantown, West Virginia
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Madison County, Missouri, 1998.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are: Ochric epipedon - the zone from the surface of the soil to a depth of 8 inches (Ap and E horizons);
Argillic horizon - the zone from 8 to 80 inches (Bt, 2Bt, and 3Bt horizons);
ADDITIONAL DATA: University of Missouri soil characterization lab number M9212309