LOCATION MULHALL OK

Established Series
JEH Rev. GFS:JLD
01/2013

MULHALL SERIES

The Mulhall series consists of very deep, well drained soils that formed in colluvium and are underlain with silty shale of Permian age. These soils are on backslopes and footslopes of low hills in the Central Rolling Red Prairies (MLRA 80A). Slopes range from 3 to 8 percent. Mean annual precipitation is 840 mm (33 in). Mean annual temperature is 16 degrees C (61 degrees F).

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, siliceous, active, thermic Udic Paleustolls

TYPICAL PEDON: Mulhall loam--rangeland. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise stated.)

A--0 to 33 cm (0 to 13 in); reddish brown (5YR 4/3) loam, dark reddish brown (5YR 3/3) moist; weak fine granular structure; slightly hard, friable; many fine roots; neutral; clear smooth boundary. (15 to 36 cm [6 to 14 in] thick)

BA--33 to 43 cm (13 to 17 in); reddish brown (5YR 4/4) loam, dark reddish brown (5YR 3/4) moist; weak medium granular structure; slightly hard, friable; many fine roots; slightly acid; clear smooth boundary. (10 to 36 cm [4 to 14 in] thick)

Bt1--43 to 79 cm (17 to 31 in); yellowish red (5YR 5/6) clay loam, yellowish red (5YR 4/6) moist; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; hard, firm; few faint clay films on faces of peds; common fine roots; few subrounded sandstone fragments less than 76 mm (3 in) in diameter; slightly acid; gradual smooth boundary. (18 to 56 cm [7 to 22 in] thick)

Bt2--79 to 104 cm (31 to 41 in); red (2.5YR 5/6) clay loam, red (2.5YR 4/6) moist; common fine distinct strong brown and reddish brown mottles; moderate medium prismatic structure; hard, firm; common distinct clay films on faces of peds; common fine roots; slightly acid; gradual wavy boundary. (25 to 66 cm [10 to 26 in] thick)

Bt3--104 to 178 cm (41 to 70 in); red (2.5YR 5/6) clay loam, red (2.5YR 4/6) moist; many coarse prominent pinkish gray (5YR 6/2) and light reddish brown (5YR 6/3) redoximorphic depletions and concentrations; weak coarse prismatic structure; hard, firm; few faint clay films on faces of peds; few fine roots; about 10 percent of the vertical ped faces are coated with clean sand grains; neutral; clear wavy boundary. (20 to 81 cm [8 to 32 in] thick)

2Cd--178 to 203 cm (70 to 80 in); red (10R 5/6) weakly laminated, noncemented silty shale, red (10R 4/6) moist; slightly effervescent; moderately alkaline.

TYPE LOCATION: Payne County, Oklahoma; about 6 miles south and 3 miles west of Stillwater; 200 feet north and 1,600 feet west of the southeast corner of sec. 17, T. 18 N., R. 2 E. Latitude: 36 degrees 1 minute 48 seconds North; Longitude: 97 degrees, 6 minutes, 36 seconds West, NAD 83. Stillwater South, OK USGS Topographic Quadrangle.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Depth of soil: more than 152 cm (60 in)

A horizon:
Hue: 5YR to 10YR
Value: 4 or 5
Chroma: 2 or 3
Texture: fine sandy loam or loam
Effervescence: none
Reaction: moderately acid to slightly alkaline

BA horizon:
Hue: 5YR or 7.5YR
Value: 4 or 5
Chroma: 2 to 4
Texture: sandy clay loam, loam, or clay loam
Effervescence: none
Reaction: slightly acid or neutral

Bt1 horizon:
Hue: 5YR or 7.5YR
Value: 4 to 6
Chroma: 2 to 8
Redox features: shades of red and brown
Texture: clay loam or sandy clay loam
Rock fragments: 0 to 10 percent by volume, 2 to 76 mm, subrounded sandstone gravels
Effervescence: none
Reaction: slightly acid or slightly alkaline

Bt2 horizon:
Hue: 2.5YR to 7.5YR
Value: 5 or 6
Chroma: 4 to 8
Texture: clay loam or sandy clay loam
Redoximorphic concentrations: 0 to 20 percent, 1 to 20 mm, in shades of red or brown
Rock fragments: 0 to 10 percent by volume, 2 to 76 mm, subrounded sandstone gravels
Effervescence: none
Reaction: slightly acid to moderately alkaline

Bt3 horizon:
Hue: 2.5YR to 7.5YR
Value: 4 to 6
Chroma: 4 to 8
Texture: sandy clay loam, clay loam, or their gravelly counterparts
Redoximorphic concentrations: 0 to 20 percent, 1 to 20 mm, in shades of red or brown
Redoximorphic depletions: 0 to 20 percent, 1 to 20 mm, in shades of gray
Redoximorphic concentrations: 0 to 20 percent by volume, 2 to 76 mm, black iron-manganese concretions
Effervescence: none to very slight
Reaction: neutral to moderately alkaline

Bt4 horizon, where present:
Hue: 2.5YR to 7.5YR
Value: 4 to 6
Chroma: 4 to 8
Texture: sandy clay loam, clay loam, or their gravelly counterparts
Redoximorphic concentrations: 0 to 20 percent, 1 to 20 mm, in shades of red or brown
Redoximorphic depletions: 0 to 20 percent, 1 to 20 mm, in shades of gray
Redoximorphic concentrations: 0 to 20 percent by volume, 2 to 76 mm, black iron-manganese concretions
Effervescence: none to very slight
Reaction: neutral to moderately alkaline

BC horizon, where present:
Hue: 2.5YR or 5YR
Value: 4 or 5
Chroma: 4 to 8
Texture: loam or clay loam
Redoximorphic concentrations: 0 to 20 percent, 1 to 20 mm, in shades of red or brown
Redoximorphic depletions: 0 to 20 percent, 1 to 20 mm, in shades of gray
Rock fragments: 0 to 10 percent by volume, 2 to 76 mm, subrounded sandstone fragments
Effervescence: very slight to slightly effervescent
Reaction: neutral to moderately alkaline

2Cd horizon:
Parent material: weakly consolidated red silty shale
Excavation difficulty: low to moderate
Fractures: greater than 10 cm apart
Cementation: noncemented
Note: material is dense enough to be root restrictive, and slakes in water within 15 hours

COMPETING SERIES: There are no other known series in this family. Soils in similar families are the Chickasha, Justin (MLRA 85), Milan , Norge, Stoneburg, Teller, and Zaneis series.
Chickasha, Justin, Milan, Norge, Stoneburg, Teller and Zaneis soils: have mixed mineralogy.
Chickasha, Stoneburg, and Zaneis soils: have a solum less than 60 in thick over sandstone
Milan and Teller soils: have a clay content that decreases by 20 percent from the maximum within 60 in of the soils surface.
Norge soils: have a fine-silty control section, and are on paleoterraces

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material: formed in colluvium and are underlain by silty shale of Permian age
Landform: backslopes and footslopes of low hills
Slope: 3 to 8 percent
Mean Annual Precipitation: 840 to 1020 mm (33 to 40 in)
Mean Annual Temperature: 14 to 16 degrees C (58 to 61 degrees F)
Thornthwaite Annual P-E indices: 44 to 64
Frost free days: 200 to 230
Elevation: 305 to 396 m (1000 to 1300 feet)

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the competing Chickasha and Zaneis soils and the Coyle, Grainola, Lucien and Renfrow soils.
Coyle, Chickasha and Zaneis soils: are higher on the landscape
Grainola and Renfrow soils: are on landscapes that are slightly higher, and have a fine control section
Lucien soils: occur on shoulders and summits and have a solum less than 20 in thick and do not have argillic horizons.

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY:
Drainage: Well drained
Saturated hydraulic conductivity: moderately high
Runoff: low on 3 to 5 percent slopes and medium on 5 to 8 percent slopes

USE AND VEGETATION: Mainly used for native meadow or rangeland. Some areas are cultivated to small grains or improved pasture. Native vegetation is tall prairie grasses.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Central Oklahoma; LRR H; MLRA 80A; moderately extensive.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Temple, Texas

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Payne County, Oklahoma; 1983 by J.E. Henley. Named after a small community in western Payne County.

REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Mollic epipedon: 0 to 33 cm (0 to 13 in) (A horizon)
Argillic horizon: 33 to 178 cm (17 in to 70 in) (Bt horizons)
Lithologic discontinuity: the occurrence of contrasting material at a depth of 178 cm (70 in)
Densic contact: material at a depth of 178 cm (70 in)

These soils were formerly included in the Zaneis series.

Updated competing series, taxonomic version, saturated hydraulic conductivity, and formatting. 6/2008; JLD

ADDITIONAL DATA: Mineralogy was determined on sample 80-OK-60-10 by the National Soil Survey Laboratory.

Taxonomic Version: Keys to Soil Taxonomy, Eleventh Edition, 2010

National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.