LOCATION NEGWEGON MI

Established Series
Rev. DSJ-TEW-MLK
08/2012

NEGWEGON SERIES

The Negwegon series consists of very deep, moderately well drained soils that formed in silty and clayey lacustrine deposits on dissected lake plains. Slope ranges from 2 to 12 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 762 mm (30 inches), and mean annual temperature is about 6.7 degrees C (44 degrees F).

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, mixed, semiactive, frigid Oxyaquic Glossudalfs

TYPICAL PEDON: Negwegon silt loam, on a northeast-facing, convex, 10 percent slope in a cultivated field. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)

Ap--0 to 20 cm (8 inches); brown (10YR 4/3) silt loam, pale brown (10YR 6/3) dry; moderate fine angular blocky structure; friable; about 2 percent gravel; slightly acid; abrupt wavy boundary. [20 to 25 cm (8 to 10 inches) thick]

B/E--20 to 41 cm (8 to 16 inches); 80 percent reddish brown (5YR 4/4) silty clay loam (Bt) penetrated by tongues of brown (10YR 5/3) silt loam (E); moderate medium angular blocky structure parting to moderate fine angular blocky; firm; common brown (10YR 4/3) worm channels and casts; few fine distinct strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of oxidized iron; about 2 percent gravel; slightly acid; clear wavy boundary. [8 to 20 cm (3 to 8 inches) thick]

Bt1--41 to 61 cm (16 to 24 inches); reddish brown (5YR 4/4) clay; thin strata of yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) silt loam throughout; moderate fine angular blocky structure; firm; common brown (10YR 4/3) worm channels and casts; many faint reddish brown (5YR 4/4) clay films on faces of peds; about 1 percent gravel; slightly acid; abrupt wavy boundary.

Bt2--61 to 117 cm (24 to 46 inches); reddish brown (5YR 4/4) silty clay; moderate medium prismatic structure; firm; common faint brown (7.5YR 5/4) clay films on faces of peds; about 1 percent gravel; neutral; abrupt wavy boundary. [Combined thickness of the Bt horizon is 23 to 81 cm (9 to 32 inches).]

C--117 to 203 cm (46 to 80 inches); stratified reddish brown (5YR 5/4) silty clay loam and brown (7.5YR 5/4) silt loam; massive; friable; strongly effervescent throughout; moderately alkaline.

TYPE LOCATION: Alcona County, Michigan; about 6 miles north of Harrisville; 1,280 feet south and 1,280 feet west of the northeast corner of sec. 10, T. 27 N., R. 9 E; USGS Black River, MI topographic quadrangle; lat. 44 degrees 45 minutes 17.89 seconds N. and long. 83 degrees 19 minutes 40.05 seconds W.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Depth to redox concentrations: 30 to 102 cm (12 to 40 inches)
Depth to carbonates: 76 to 127 cm (30 to 50 inches)
Rock fragment content: 0 to 5 percent gravel throughout the profile
Mean annual soil temperature: 7.2 to 8.3 degrees C (45 to 47 degrees F)

Ap horizon:
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 3 or 4
Chroma: 2, 2.5, or 3, moist or dry
Texture: silt loam
Reaction: moderately acid to slightly alkaline

A horizon, where present:
Thickness: 2.5 to 8 cm (1 to 3 inches)
Hue: 10YR
Value: 3
Chroma: 2
Texture: silt loam
Reaction: moderately acid to slightly alkaline

E part of the B/E or E/B horizon:
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 5 or 6, 7 or 8 dry
Chroma: 2 or 3, moist or dry
Texture: silt loam
Reaction: moderately acid to slightly alkaline

An E horizon is present in some pedons.

Bt part of the B/E or E/B horizon and the Bt horizon:
Hue: 5YR or 7.5YR
Value: 4 to 6
Chroma: 3 or 4
Texture: silty clay loam, silty clay, or clay
Clay content: 35 to 60 percent
Sand content: less than 15 percent (weighted average) fine and coarser
Base saturation: 60 to 100 percent in all subhorizons
Reaction: moderately acid to neutral in the upper part, and neutral or slightly alkaline in the lower part

Some pedons have a BC horizon.

C horizon:
Hue: 5YR to 2.5Y
Value: 3 to 6
Chroma: 2 to 4
Texture: stratified silty clay, silt loam, and silty clay loam
Sand content: less than 15 percent fine and coarser sand

A till substratum phase is presently recognized.
2C horizon:
Texture: loam or fine sandy loam

COMPETING SERIES: These are the Kent and Nester series. Kent and Nester soils have greater than 15 percent fine and coarser sand in the Bt horizon.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Negwegon soils are on dissected lake plains. Slope ranges from 2 to 12 percent. These soils formed in silty and clayey lacustrine deposits. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 686 to 813 mm (27 to 32 inches). Mean annual temperature ranges from 6.1 to 7.2 degrees C (43 to 45 degrees F). Frost-free period is 80 to 140 days. Elevation is 183 to 274 meters (600 to 900 feet) above mean sea level.

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Algonquin, Springport, and Mongo series. The somewhat poorly drained Algonquin and the poorly drained Springport are closely associated with the Negwegon soils in a drainage sequence. They are on lower positions on the landscape. The well drained Mongo soils are on steeper slopes of dissected lake plains.

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Moderately well drained. The depth to the top of a perched seasonal high water table ranges from 76 to 107 cm (2.5 to 3.5 feet) between October and May in normal years. The potential surface runoff is high or very high. Saturated hydraulic conductivity is moderately low or low. Permeability is slow or very slow.

USE AND VEGETATION: Areas of gentler slopes are used for growing alfalfa, corn, and small grains. Other areas are used as pastureland. Some areas are forested. Common tree species include sugar maple, bigtooth aspen, white ash, northern red oak, balsam fir, eastern hemlock, and American beech.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: MLRAs 94A and 96 in the northeastern quarter of the Lower Peninsula of Michigan. This series is of moderate extent.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: AMHERST, MASSACHUSETTS

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Alcona County, Michigan, 1993.

REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon: from the surface to a depth of 20 cm (8 inches) (Ap horizon).
Glossic horizon: from a depth of 20 to 41 cm (8 to 16 inches) (B/E horizon).
Argillic horizon: from a depth of 20 to 117 cm (8 to 46 inches) (Bt part of the B/E horizon and Bt1 and Bt2 horizons).

ADDITIONAL DATA: For laboratory data on representative pedon see: 89MI-001-005 from the Michigan Technological University. Soil Interpretation Number: MI0454, MI0755.

National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.