LOCATION NET MIEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Coarse-loamy, mixed, superactive, frigid Typic Fragiaquods
TYPICAL PEDON: Net silt loam, on a 2 percent southeast-facing slope, under lowland hardwoods. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
Oi--2 to 0 inches; recent hardwood litter. (0 to 2 inches thick)
A--0 to 3 inches; very dark brown (10YR 2/2) stony silt loam, dark gray (10YR 4/1) dry; weak very fine granular structure; very friable; many fine and medium roots; about 5 percent gravel and 5 percent cobbles; extremely acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (0 to 6 inches thick)
E--3 to 6 inches; brown (7.5YR 5/2) gravelly silt loam; common medium distinct dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) and common fine prominent yellowish red (5YR 4/6) mottles; weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable; many fine and common medium roots; about 20 percent gravel and 7 percent cobbles; extremely acid; abrupt wavy boundary. (0 to 5 inches thick)
Bhs--6 to 7 inches; dark reddish brown (5YR 3/3) gravelly loam; common fine distinct yellowish red (5YR 4/6) mottles; medium fine granular structure; friable; many fine and common medium roots; about 25 percent gravel and 10 percent cobbles; very strongly acid; clear broken boundary. (0 to 6 inches thick)
Bs1--7 to 15 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/4) gravelly silt loam; few fine prominent yellowish red (5YR 4/6) mottles; weak medium subangular blocky structure parting to moderate fine granular; friable; common fine and medium roots; few fine pores; about 20 percent gravel and 10 percent cobbles; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary. (3 to 16 inches thick)
2Bs--15 to 23 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) gravelly fine sandy loam; common fine prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) mottles; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine roots; about 20 percent gravel and 5 percent cobbles; strongly acid, clear wavy boundary. (0 to 8 inches thick)
2Bx--23 to 39 inches; dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2) gravelly sandy loam; few medium prominent dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) mottles; massive; firm; vesicular pores; common distinct dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) clay films in pores; about 20 percent gravel and 5 percent cobbles; strongly acid; clear wavy boundary. (0 to 18 inches thick)
2C--39 to 60 inches; dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2) gravelly sandy loam; few medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) mottles; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable; about 25 percent gravel and 5 percent cobbles; moderately acid.
TYPE LOCATION: Baraga County Michigan; about 6 miles west of Nestoria; located about 240 feet north and 25 feet east of the southwest corner of section 6, T. 48 N., R. 32 W.; USGS Nestoria topographic quadrangle; lat. 46 degrees 34 minutes 46 seconds N. and long. 88 degrees 21 minutes 57 seconds W., NAD 83.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Thickness of the solum is 25 to 52 inches. Depth to the fragipan ranges from 15 to 30 inches. The solum ranges from extremely acid to moderately acid and the 2C horizon ranges from strongly acid to slightly acid. Gravel content ranges from 0 to 10 percent in the A horizon, 5 to 35 percent in the E, Bhs, and Bs horizons and 15 to 35 percent throughout the remainder of the pedon. Cobbles and stones range from 0 to 20 percent above the fragipan and 0 to 10 percent in the remainder of the pedon. The particle-size control section averages less than 35 percent rock fragments. Typically stones cover from .01 to 3.0 percent of the surface.
Some pedons have an O horizon with hue of 5YR or 7.5YR, value of 2, and chroma of 1 or 2.
The A horizon has hue of 5YR, 7.5YR, or 10YR, value of 2 or 3, and chroma of 1 or 2. It is very fine sandy loam, silt loam, or fine sandy loam.
The E horizon has hue of 5YR, 7.5YR, or 10YR, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 2 or 3. It is very fine sandy loam, silt loam, fine sandy loam, or the gravelly and cobbly analogs of these textures.
The Bhs and Bs horizons have hue of 5YR, 7.5YR, or 10YR, value of 2 to 4, and chroma of 2 to 4. The 2Bs horizon has hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 3 or 4. The Bs and 2Bs horizons are very fine sandy loam, silt loam, loam, fine sandy loam, or the gravelly and cobbly analogs of these textures.
The 2Bx horizon has hue of 10YR, 7.5YR or 2.5Y, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 2 or 4. Pedons that do not have 2Bx horizons, have 2E/Bx and/or 2B/Ex horizons. The E part has hue of 5YR to 10YR, value of 4 or 5 and chroma of 2 or 3. It is very fine sandy loam or loamy sand. The B part has colors similar to the Bx horizon. It is very fine sandy loam, sandy loam or gravelly sandy loam.
The 2C horizon has hue of 7.5YR, 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 2 to 4. The 2B and 2C horizons are gravelly loamy sand, gravelly sandy loam, or gravelly fine sandy loam.
COMPETING SERIES: This is the Westbury series. Westbury soils have Cd horizons and are not developed in modified loamy eolian material.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: The Net soils are in slightly depressional areas and drainageways on ground moraines and end moraines. Slope gradients range from 0 to 4 percent. Net soils formed in modified loamy eolian material and in the underlying gravelly sandy or loamy glacial till of Wisconsinan age. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 31 to 36 inches, and the mean annual temperature ranges from 41 to 43 degrees F.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the moderately well drained Champion soils and poorly drained Witbeck soils. Champion soils are on higher positions on the landscape. Witbeck soils are on lower positions on the landscape.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Somewhat poorly drained. The depth to the perched seasonal high water table ranges from .5 to 1.5 feet below the surface from November to May. Runoff is slow. Permeability is moderate above the fragipan, very slow in the fragipan, and moderate or moderately rapid below the fragipan.
USE AND VEGETATION: Nearly all of this soil is forested with quaking aspen, balsam fir, red maple, northern whitecedar, yellow birch, white spruce, and white birch.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Western part of the Upper Peninsula of Michigan. This series is of moderate extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: St. Paul, Minnesota.
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Baraga County, Michigan, 1984.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon include: ochric epipedon - the zone from 0 to 3 inches (A horizon); albic horizon - the zone from 3 to 6 inches (E horizon); spodic horizon - the zone from 6 to 23 inches (Bhs, Bs1 and 2Bs horizons); fragipan feature - the zone from 23 to 39 inches (2Bx horizon).
The loamy eolian surface material has been modified by windthrow action and post glacial erosion.