LOCATION NETAWAKA KSEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Coarse-silty, mixed, superactive, calcareous, mesic Typic Udorthents
TYPICAL PEDON: Netawaka silt loam, on an east-facing, 10 percent slope in a cultivated field. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
Ap--0 to 15 centimeters (0 to 6 inches); dark brown (10YR 3/3) silt loam, brown (10YR 5/3) dry; weak fine granular structure; slightly hard, very friable, slightly sticky, slightly plastic; many fine roots; slightly effervescent; slightly alkaline; abrupt smooth boundary. (10 to 18 centimeters (4 to 7 inches) thick)
AC--15 to 23 centimeters (6 to 9 inches); brown (10YR 4/3) silt loam, brown (10YR 5/3) dry; moderate medium platy structure parting to moderate medium angular blocky; slightly hard, very friable, slightly sticky, slightly plastic; many fine and medium roots between peds; slightly effervescent, slightly alkaline; clear smooth boundary. (0 to 10 centimeters (0 to 4 inches) thick)
C1--23 to 58 centimeters (9 to 23 inches); olive brown (2.5Y 4/4) silt loam, light yellowish brown (2.5Y 6/4) dry; common medium and coarse distinct light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) and few fine prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) mottles; weak fine and moderate medium prismatic structure; slightly hard, very friable, slightly sticky, slightly plastic; few fine and medium roots; slightly effervescent, moderately alkaline; gradual wavy boundary.
C2--58 to 91 centimeters (23 to 36 inches); about 50 percent light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4) and about 50 percent grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) silt loam, light yellowish brown (2.5Y 6/4) and light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) dry; few medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) mottles; weak medium prismatic structure; slightly hard, very friable, slightly sticky, slightly plastic; few fine and medium roots; many very fine pores; grays and browns are banded; color bands are tilted somewhat parallel to surface; few medium worm casts; slightly effervescent, moderately alkaline; gradual wavy boundary.
C3--91 to 117 centimeters (36 to 46 inches); about 50 percent light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4) and about 50 percent grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) silt loam, light yellowish brown (2.5Y 6/4) and light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) dry; few fine prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) mottles; weak medium prismatic structure; slightly hard, very friable, slightly sticky, slightly plastic; few fine and medium roots; slightly effervescent; moderately alkaline; clear wavy boundary.
C4--117 to 155 centimeters (46 to 61 inches); grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) silt loam, light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) dry; few coarse prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) mottles; weak medium prismatic structure; slightly hard, very friable, slightly sticky, slightly plastic; few fine roots; slightly effervescent, slightly alkaline; diffuse boundary.
C5--155 to 203 centimeters (61 to 80 inches); grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) silt loam, light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) dry; common medium and coarse prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) mottles; weak medium prismatic structure; slightly hard, very friable, slightly sticky, slightly plastic; few fine roots throughout; slightly effervescent, slightly alkaline.
TYPE LOCATION: Brown County, Kansas; about 14 kilometers (9 miles) east and 14 kilometers (9 miles) north of Hiawatha; about 46 meters (150 feet) south and 229 meters (750 feet) east of the northwest corner of sec. 12, T. 1 S., R. 18 E.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Carbonates: typically throughout
Series control section:
Clay content: 12 to 18 percent
Silt content: two or more times as much coarse silt as fine silt
Sand content: less than 10 percent
Calcium carbonate equivalent: less than 10 percent
A horizon:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 3 or 4, and 4 or 5 dry
Chroma: 2 or 3
Reaction: neutral to moderately alkaline
C horizon:
Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y
Value: 4 to 6
Chroma: 2 to 4
Distinct and prominent mottles of shades of brown, gray and yellow: present, but not considered diagnostic
Reaction: slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline
COMPETING SERIES: These are the
Bold,
Hamburg, and
Mula series.
Bold soils have calcium carbonate equivalent greater than 10 percent.
Hamburg soils have 6 to 12 percent clay in the particle-size control section.
Mula soils have calcic horizons.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Landform: strongly sloping to steep convex shoulder or side slopes on uplands
Slope: 10 to 30 percent
Parent material: calcareous loess
Mean annual air temperature: 12 to 13 degrees C. (53 to 55 degrees F.)
Mean annual precipitation: 84 to 91 centimeters (33 to 36 inches)
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the
Kennebec,
Monona, and
Pohocco soils.
Kennebec soils are in lower landscape positions on floodplains and have a mollic epipedon more than 91 centimeters (36 inches) thick.
Monona soils are on less sloping areas above Netawaka soils and have a mollic epipedon 25 to 61 centimeters (10 to 24 inches) thick.
Pohocco soils are on back slopes below Netawaka soils and have 20 to 30 percent clay in the particle-size control section.
DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY:
Drainage: well and somewhat excessively drained
Runoff: medium on the strongly sloping areas and high on the steeper slopes
Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity: moderately high to high
USE AND VEGETATION: The less sloping areas are cultivated.
The principal crops are corn and small grain.
The more sloping areas are used for native range or woodland.
The native vegetation is short and tall prairie grasses and thin stands of hardwood trees.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: LRR M, MLRAs 106, 107; northeastern Kansas, and possibly southeastern Nebraska. This series is not extensive.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Denver, Colorado
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Brown County, Kansas, 1994.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon:
Ochric epipedon: 0 to 23 centimeters (0 to 9 inches) (Ap and AC horizons)
Moisture regime: udic
Cation-exchange: class inferred from lab data for similar soils in the surrounding area
Taxonomy version--Second Edition, 1999
This soil was originally mapped as Ida series.
ADDITIONAL DATA: Laboratory data available, National Soil Survey Laboratory, Lincoln Nebraska, pedon sample number 90P3739-3749.
Modified format by LRM in 8/2006 to include metric conversion and change permeability to saturated hydraulic conductivity.