LOCATION NEWETT COEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Loamy, mixed, superactive, shallow Ustic Calcicryolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Newett loam, on a south facing, 2 percent slope in grassland at an elevation of 2,761 meters. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted.)
A1--0 to 8 cm (0 to 3 inches); brown (10YR 5/3) loam, dark brown (10YR 3/3) moist; weak fine granular structure; soft, very friable, slightly sticky, and slightly plastic; 10 percent parachanners; slightly alkaline (pH 7.4); abrupt smooth boundary.
A2--8 to 18 cm (3 to 7 inches); brown (10YR 5/3) very parachannery loam, dark brown (10YR 3/3) moist; weak medium subangular blocky structure; soft, very friable, slightly sticky, and slightly plastic; 45 percent parachanners; 5 percent calcium carbonate equivalent; slightly alkaline (pH 7.6); abrupt smooth boundary. (combined thickness of the A horizons is 18 to 25 cm)
Bk1--18 to 30 cm (7 to 12 inches); light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) very parachannery loam, dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2) moist; weak medium subangular blocky structure; hard, very friable, slightly sticky, and slightly plastic; 50 percent parachanners; strongly effervescent; common fine carbonate masses in the matrix; 23 percent calcium carbonate equivalent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.2); clear wavy boundary.
Bk2--30 to 48 cm (12 to 19 inches); light gray (2.5Y 7/2) extremely parachannery loam, grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) moist; massive; hard, very friable, slightly sticky, and slightly plastic; 70 percent parachanners; strongly effervescent; common fine carbonate masses in the matrix; 15 percent calcium carbonate equivalent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.0); clear wavy boundary. (combined thickness of the Bk horizons is 15 to 30 cm)
Cr--48 to 74 cm (19 to 29 inches); moderately cemented limestone
TYPE LOCATION: Park County, Colorado; about 6 kilometers (4 miles) west of Hartsel; located about 2,400 feet south and 150 feet west of the northeast corner of sec. 3, T. 12 N., R. 76 W.; Hartsel USGS quad; lat. 39 degrees 2 minutes 9 seconds N. and long. 105 degrees 52 minutes 3 seconds W., NAD 1983.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil moisture: The soil moisture control section is usually dry in late spring and early summer, moist in some part in late July and August, and intermittently dry in fall; ustic regime bordering on aridic.
Mean annual soil temperature: 2.8 to 5.0 degrees C (37 to 41 degrees F.)
Mean summer soil temperature: 10.6 to 14.4 degrees C (51 to 58 degrees F.)
Depth to paralithic contact: 25 to 51 cm (10 to 20 inches)
Depth to secondary calcium carbonate: 18 to 30 cm (7 to 12 inches)
Depth to calcic horizon: 18 to 30 cm (7 to 12 inches)
Thickness of the mollic epipedon: 18 to 25 cm (7 to 10 inches)
Particle-size control section (weighted averages):
Noncarbonate clay content: 18 to 21 percent
A horizons
Hue: 10YR, 7.5YR
Value: 4 or 5 dry; 2 or 3 moist
Chroma: 2 or 3 dry; 2 or 3 moist
Texture: loam, very parachannery loam
Clay content: 18 to 27 percent
Carbonate clay content: 0 to 2 percent
Parachanner content: 5 to 50 percent, moderately cemented
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 0 to 10 percent
Reaction: neutral or slightly alkaline (pH 6.6 to 7.8)
Organic matter content: 2.0 to 4.0 percent
Bk horizons
Hue: 2.5Y, 10YR, 7.5YR
Value: 5 to 7 dry; 4 or 5 moist
Chroma: 2 or 3 dry; 2 or 3 moist
Texture: very parachannery loam, extremely parachannery loam
Clay content: 12 to 20 percent
Carbonate clay content: 1 to 4 percent
Parachanner content: 35 to 75 percent, moderately cemented
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 15 to 25 percent
COMPETING SERIES: There are no competing series. A similar soil in a closely related family is the Kenosha series. Kenosha soils are deeper than 50 cm to a paralithic contact.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material: slope alluvium derived from Pennsylvanian age limestone and sandstone, commonly associated with the Minturn and Belden Formations
Landform: hills
Slopes: 1 to 10 percent
Elevation: 2,713 to 2,774 meters (8,900 to 9,100 feet)
Mean annual temperature: 1.7 to 3.9 degrees C (35 to 39 degrees F)
Mean annual precipitation: 254 to 356 mm (10 to 14 inches)
Precipitation pattern: Monthly precipitation is lowest in winter and greatest in July and August.
Frost-free period: 50 to 80 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: This is the Kenosha series. The Kenosha soils are moderately deep and are on hills.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained, moderate permeability
USE AND VEGETATION: These soils are used for livestock grazing and wildlife habitat. Native vegetation consists of Arizona fescue, Indian ricegrass, blue grama, mountain muhly, needleandthread, and western wheatgrass.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Central Colorado; LRR E, MLRA 48B; small extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Bozeman, Montana
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Park County, Colorado, Teller-Park soil survey area, Colorado, 2010. The name is from an old townsite in nearby Chaffee County.
REMARKS:
Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Series control section: The zone from 0 to 74 cm.
Particle-size control section: The zone from 25 to 48 cm. (Bk1, Bk2 horizons)
Mollic epipedon: from 0 to 18 cm. (A1, A2 horizons)
Calcic horizon: from 18 to 48 cm. (Bk1, Bk2 horizons)
Paralithic contact: The contact with limestone at 48 cm. (Cr layer)
The assignment of the cation-exchange activity class is inferred from lab data from similar soils in the surrounding area.
Taxonomic Version: Classified according to Keys to Soil Taxonomy, 11th Edition, 2010.