LOCATION NEWMARC VAEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-silty, siliceous, active, mesic Fluvaquentic Hapludolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Newmarc silt loam--on a 2 percent convex slope in a cultivated field. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
Ap--0 to 7 inches; dark brown (10YR 3/3) silt loam; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) dry; weak fine and medium granular structure; friable, slightly sticky, slightly plastic; many fine and medium roots; common fine discontinuous pores; moderately acid; clear smooth boundary. (6 to 14 inches thick)
A--7 to 14 inches; dark brown (10YR 3/3) silt loam, dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) dry; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable, slightly sticky, slightly plastic; common fine roots; common fine and medium discontinuous pores; common distinct silt coatings on faces of peds; moderately acid; clear smooth boundary. (4 to 10 inches thick)
Bg1--14 to 24 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) silt loam; common fine faint gray (10YR 5/1) and many fine distinct strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) mottles; weak coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky; friable, slightly sticky, slightly plastic; few fine roots; many fine and medium discontinuous pores; many faint silt coatings on faces of peds; moderately acid; gradual smooth boundary.
Bg2--24 to 36 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) silt loam; common fine faint gray (10YR 5/1) and common fine distinct strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) mottles; weak coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky; friable, slightly sticky, nonplastic; few fine roots; many fine and medium discontinuous pores; common faint silt coatings on faces of peds; moderately acid; gradual smooth boundary. (Combined thickness of Bg horizon ranges from 5 to 30 inches.)
Cg--36 to 62 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) loam; common fine distinct strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) mottles; massive; friable, slightly sticky, nonplastic; few fine roots; common fine and medium discontinuous pores; many faint silt coatings in pores; slightly acid.
TYPE LOCATION: Shenandoah County, Virginia, 3 miles southeast of the intersection of US-11 and VA-661, 150 feet north of the North Fork of the Shenandoah River.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Solum thickness ranges from 20 to 40 inches. Depth to bedrock is more than 60 inches. Gravel and cobbles range from 0 to 15 percent above 40 inches and 0 to 60 percent below 40 inches. Reaction ranges from moderately acid through mildly alkaline.
The Ap horizon, where present, has hue of 7.5YR through 2.5Y, value of 2 or 3, and chroma of 2 or 3. It is loam, silt loam, or silty clay loam.
The A horizon, where present, has hue of 7.5YR through 2.5Y, value of 3 through 5, and chroma of 2 through 4. It is loam, silt loam, or silty clay loam.
The Bg horizon has hue of 7.5YR through 2.5Y, value of 4 through 7, and chroma of 0 through 2. It is silt loam or silty clay loam.
The Cg horizon has hue of 7.5YR through 2.5Y, value of 4 through 7, and chroma of 0 through 2. It is loam, silt loam, or silty clay loam in the fine-earth fraction.
COMPETING SERIES: There are no other known series in this family.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Newmarc soils are on flood plains. Slopes range from 0 to 5 percent. The soils formed in alluvium derived from limestones, shales, siltstones, and sandstones. Climate is temperate and humid. Mean annual air temperature ranges from 50 to 57 degrees F. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 30 to 45 inches.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Alonzville, Berks, Botetourt, Broadway, Caverns, Coursey, Derroc, Frederick, Gladehill, Groseclose, Gullion, Ingledove, Irongate, Lehew, Moomaw, Nomberville, Shottower, Weikert, and Wolfgap soils. Alonzville, Botetourt, Caverns, Coursey, Ingledove, and Shottower soils have argillic horizons and are on stream terraces. Berks, Lehew, and Weikert soils are less than 60 inches to bedrock, contain more rock fragments in the subsoil, and are on uplands. Broadway, Gladehill, Gullion, Irongate, Nomberville, and Wolfgap soils are better drained and are on similar landscapes. Derroc soils contain more rock fragments in the subsoil and are on similar landscapes. Frederick and Groseclose soils, are well drained, contain more clay in the subsoil, and are on uplands. Moomaw soils have a fragipan and are on stream terraces.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Somewhat poorly drained. Runoff is very slow. Permeability is moderate. Subject to flooding.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas of these soils are cultivated or in pasture. Corn and hay are the principal crops.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: The Valley and Ridge physiographic province in Virginia, and possibly, West Virginia, Maryland, Kentucky, and Pennsylvania. The area is of moderate extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Morgantown, West Virginia
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Shenandoah County, Virginia, 1988.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Mollic epipedon - the zone from 0 to 14 inches (the Ap and A horizons).
Cambic horizon - the zone from 14 to 36 inches (the Bg horizon).
Fluventic features - irregular decrease in organic matter content with increasing depth.
Aquic features - seasonal high water table at 14 inches.
Udic moisture regime.
Soils now within the range of the Newmarc series were formerly correlated Newark series in several published soil surveys.
REVISED = 10/24/05 JWB
The 10/2005 revision updates this soil to the 9th Edition of the Keys to Soil Taxonomy (2003). CEC class is based on the classification of similar and geographically associated soils. Class placement may be revised in the future when laboratory data are reviewed or become available. Competing series, pedon description (including horizon nomenclature and/or descriptive terms), and other sections on the OSD were not revised.
ADDITIONAL DATA: Morphological, chemical, textural, and mineralogical data are reported in:
Edmonds, W. J., D. D. Rector, D. A. Gall, D. R. Hatch, R. S. Joslyn, and J. C. Baker. 1987. Properties and classification of soils derived from stratified alluvium in the Valley and Ridge Province of Virginia. Va. Agric. Exp. Stn. Bull. 85-10.