LOCATION NIVA WAEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Clayey, smectitic, mesic, shallow Typic Durixerolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Niva silt loam- cropland on a 10 percent southwest-facing slope at an elevation of 1,615 feet. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted.)
Ap--0 to 7 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) silt loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist; weak fine granular structure; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; many very fine roots; many very fine and fine irregular pores; slightly acid (pH 6.4); abrupt smooth boundary. (5 to 8 inches thick)
Bt--7 to 12 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) silty clay loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist; weak fine subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many very fine roots; common fine tubular pores; common distinct clay films on faces of peds and in pores; slightly acid (pH 6.2); clear smooth boundary. (4 to 9 inches thick)
Btc--12 to 17 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) silty clay loam, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; moderate fine and medium angular blocky; very hard, firm, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; common very fine roots; few fine tubular pores; common distinct clay films on faces of peds and in pores; many black manganese concretions; neutral (pH 7.2); abrupt smooth boundary. (5 to 10 inches thick)
2Bkqm1--17 to 21 inches; calcium carbonate-silica duripan; common prominent clay films in cracks and pores; common medium plate-like carbonates.
2Bkqm2--21 inches; indurated duripan; unable to penetrate.
TYPE LOCATION: Klickitat County, about 1 mile northeast of Centerville, 1,000 feet south and 1,000 feet west of the northeast corner of section 11, T.3N., R.15E. (Latitude 45 degrees, 45 minutes, 52 seconds N. and Longitude 120 degrees, 53 minutes, 10 seconds W.)
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: The mean annual soil temperature is 48 to 52 degrees F. Depth to the duripan ranges from 14 to 20 inches. The upper part of the duripan contains secondary carbonates. The particle-size control section has 27 to 40 percent clay and 0 to 5 percent rock fragments. The mollic epipedon is 7 to 18 inches thick.
The A horizon has value of 4 or 5 dry, 2 or 3 moist and chroma of 2 or 3 dry and moist.
The Bt horizon has value of 5 or 6 dry, 3 or 4 moist and chroma of 2 to 4 dry or moist. It has angular or prismatic structure. Texture is clay loam or silty clay loam. Reaction is slightly acid or neutral.
The Btc horizon has value of 4 to 7 dry, 4 or 5 moist and chroma of 3 or 4 dry or moist. Texture is clay loam or silty clay loam. Reaction is slightly acid or neutral.
COMPETING SERIES: This is the
Wonser (T) series.
Wonser soils 13 to 26 inches to a lithic contact (basalt)
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Niva soils are on terraces and terrace escarpments at elevations of 1,500 to 1,900 feet. Slopes are 5 to 30 percent. These soils formed in alluvium influenced by loess over a duripan. Summers are warm and dry and winters are cool and moist. The mean annual precipitation is 15 to 17 inches. The average January temperature is 29 degrees F. and the average July temperature is 67 degrees F. The mean annual temperature is 46 to 50 degrees F. The frost-free season is 120 to 150 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Goldendale, Konner, Lorena, Mondovi, and Swalecreek soils. Goldendale soils are on plateaus and are more than 40 inches deep to a lithic contact. Konner soils are on flood plains and are somewhat poorly drained. Lorena soils are on plateaus, are fine-loamy and are moderately deep to basalt. Mondovi soils are on flood plains, are fine-silty and generally have a mollic epipedon more than 20 inches deep. Swalecreek soils are on terraces and are fine-loamy.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained; very rapid runoff; slow permeability.
USE AND VEGETATION: These soils are used mainly for crop production and livestock grazing. Small grains and alfalfa are the principle crops. Native vegetation is Idaho fescue, bluebunch wheatgrass, wild rose and Sandberg bluegrass.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Klickitat County, Washington; MLRA 8. The series is of small extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Portland, Oregon
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Klickitat County, Washington, 2003.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Mollic epipedon - the zone from 0 to 12 inches
Argillic horizon - the zone from 7 to 17 inches
Duripan - the zone beginning at 17 inches
Particle-size control section - the zone from 7 to 17 inches