LOCATION NOHOPE CA

Established Series
Rev. EWB-AMB-JBF-TM
04/2017

NOHOPE SERIES

The Nohope series consists of very deep, poorly and very poorly drained soils that formed in alluvium derived from mixed rocks. Nohope soils are on floodplains, stream terraces and alluvial fans. Slopes are 0 to 8 percent. The mean annual precipitation is about 350 mm and the mean annual temperature is about 6 degrees C.

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, superactive, frigid Cumulic Endoaquolls

TYPICAL PEDON: Nohope loam--rangeland. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted.)

A1--0 to 10 cm; very dark gray (10YR 3/1) loam, black (N 2.5/) moist; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; many very fine, fine and few medium roots; common very fine and fine tubular and interstitial pores; 2 percent fine dark brown (10YR 3/3), moist redox concentrations; 5 percent gravel; slightly effervescent; slightly alkaline (pH 7.4); clear wavy boundary. (5 to 15 cm thick)

A2--10 to 30 cm; very dark gray (10YR 3/1) loam, black (N 2.5/) moist; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; many very fine, fine and few medium roots; many very fine and fine interstitial pores and tubular pores; 2 percent fine dark brown (10YR 3/3) redox concentrations; 10 percent gravel; slightly effervescent; slightly alkaline (pH 7.4); clear wavy boundary. (15 to 35 cm thick)

A3--30 to 50 cm; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) gravelly loam, very dark brown (10YR 2/2) moist; moderate fine and medium subangular blocky structure; hard, friable, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; many fine and common very fine roots; common fine tubular and many very fine and fine interstitial pores; 5 percent fine dark brown (10YR 3/3), moist, redox concentrations; 20 percent gravel; slightly effervescent; slightly alkaline (pH 7.4); clear wavy boundary. (15 to 40 cm thick)

A4--50 to 102 cm; dark gray (10YR 4/1) gravelly loam, black (10YR 2/1) moist; moderate fine and medium subangular blocky structure; hard, friable, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; common very fine roots; common very fine and fine interstitial and few very fine tubular pores; 5 percent fine dark brown (10YR 3/3), moist, redox concentrations; 20 percent gravel; neutral (pH 7.0); clear wavy boundary. (40 to 70 cm thick)

2C--102 to 152 cm; 60 percent pale brown (10YR 6/3), 38 percent light yellowish brown (2.5Y 6/3), 2 percent light gray (2.5Y 7/2) stratified gravelly loamy coarse sand to loam, 60 percent brown (10YR 4/3), moist, 38 percent olive brown (2.5Y 4/3), moist, 2 percent grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) moist; massive; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few very fine roots; common very fine interstitial pores; 10 percent gravel; neutral (pH 7.0).

TYPE LOCATION: Mono County, California; in Slinkard Valley; about 520 feet north and 530 feet west of the southeast corner, section 33, T. 9 N., R. 22 E.; Coleville USGS 7.5 minute topographic quadrangle; latitude 38 degrees 34 minutes 37 seconds N and longitude 119 degrees 33 minutes 40seconds W; WGS84 Decimal Degrees 38.5769444 latitude, -119.5611111 longitude.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil moisture: Usually saturated in some part of the moisture control section during winter, spring, and early summer, usually dry in all parts during summer and fall; seasonal periods of aquic moisture regime from November through June during saturation with ground water and anaerobic conditions; xeric soil moisture regime.
Mean annual soil temperature: 7 to 8 degrees C.
Mollic epipedon thickness: 100 to 152 cm.

Particle-size control section - Clay content: Averages 18 to 27 percent.
Rock fragments: Averages 15 to 35 percent, mainly gravel. Lithology of rock fragments is mixed from igneous and metamorphic rock.

A horizons
Hue: 10YR, 2.5Y or neutral.
Value: 3 or 4 dry, 2 to 3 moist.
Chroma: 1 or 2 dry, 0, 1 or 2 moist.
Organic matter content: Averages 2 to 4 percent, with irregular decrease.
Reaction: Slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline in the upper part and neutral in the lower part.
Effervescence: Slightly effervescent in the upper part and noneffervescent in the lower part.
Redoximorphic features: Redox concentrations occur as masses of iron or manganese accumulation in the matrix.

C horizon (when present)
Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y.
Value: 5, 6 or 7 dry, 4 or 5 moist.
Chroma: 2 or 3 dry or moist.
Texture: Stratified gravelly coarse sand to loam.
Clay content: Averages 10 to 18 percent clay.
Rock fragments: Averages less than 15 percent, dominantly gravel.
Reaction: Neutral.

COMPETING SERIES: These are the Chamita, Cometcrik, Eagleton, Eastdale, Kerkhoven, Kovich, Lakepark, Lobe, Mannixlee, Marshbrook, Marshdale, Nythar, Sibannac and Welch series.

Chamita, Cometcrik, Eagleton, Kerkhoven, Lakepark, Lobe, Marshbrook, Sibannac and Welch soils have less than 15 percent rock fragments in their particle-size control section. In addition, Chamita, Cometcrik, Eagleton, Kovich, Lakepark, Lobe, Sibannac and Welch soils have no free calcium carbonate in their soil profiles. Kerkhoven soils have free calcium carbonate at depths within 76 to 152 cm. Lakepark soils have free calcium carbonate below 64 cm. Mannixlee soils have Bw horizons and do not have free calcium carbonate within 152 cm. Marshbrook soils have free calcium carbonate at depths below 100 cm. Marshdale soils have sandy-skeletal material within depths of 100 to 150 cm and lack free calcium carbonate. Nythar soils do not have free calcium carbonate within 150 cm. Sibannac soils have more than 27 percent clay in their particle-size control section, have Bw horizons, and a mollic epipedon less than 100 cm thick.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Nohope soils are on floodplains. They typically occur on summit positions. They formed in alluvium derived from mixed rocks. Slopes are 0 to 4 percent. Elevations range from 1,600 to 1,955 meters. The climate is semi-arid with cool, moist winters and warm, dry summers. The mean annual precipitation is 350 to 400 mm, mean annual temperature is 6 to 7 degrees C., and the frost-free period is 70 to 80 days.

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Lonecabin and Noodler series. Lonecabin soils have more than 60 percent rock fragments in their particle-size control section and do not have an aquic moisture regime. Noodler soils have more than 35 percent clay in their particle-size control section, and do not have an aquic moisture regime.

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Poorly drained and very poorly drained; very high surface runoff; moderate permeability moderately high saturated hydraulic conductivity. Endosaturation is present with an apparent seasonal high water table between the soil surface and 50 cm (very shallow or shallow free water occurrence classes) sometime between December and June. Cumulative annual duration classes are Common or Persistent. Some areas of these soils are susceptible to very rare to occasional flooding for extremely brief to brief periods between February and June.

USE AND VEGETATION: Nohope soils are used for livestock grazing, recreation, watershed and wildlife habitat. The native vegetation is mainly sedges and rushes.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Eastern California, east of the Sierra Nevada Range. These soils are not extensive. MLRA 26.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Davis, California.

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Mono County (Coleville-Bridgeport Area), California, 2010.

REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Mollic epipedon - The zone from the soil surface to 102 cm (A1, A2, A3 and A4 horizons).
Endosaturation - The zone from the soil surface to 152 cm (A1, A2, A3, A4 and 2C horizons).
Particle-size control section - The zone from 25 to 100 cm (lower part of the A2, A3 and upper part of A4 horizons).

National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.