LOCATION NOOK                    WA

Established Series
Rev. PNP/KDPL/SBC
09/2019

NOOK SERIES

Landscape--valleys
Landform--alluvial fans, low terraces
Slope--0 to 5 percent
Parent material--mixed alluvium derived from basalt and loess and a minor influence of volcanic ash
Mean annual precipitation--about 560 mm
Mean annual air temperature--about 8 degrees C
Depth class--very deep
Drainage class--moderately well drained
Soil moisture regime--xeric
Soil temperature regime--mesic
Soil moisture subclass--typic

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, superactive, mesic Cumulic Ultic Haploxerolls

TYPICAL PEDON: Nook silt loam in a pasture, on a 3-percent, southwest-facing alluvial fan at an elevation of 660 m

A1--0 to 25 cm; silt loam, brown (7.5YR 4/3) dry, dark reddish brown (5YR 3/2) moist; weak fine granular structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many very fine and few medium roots; many very fine irregular pores; 3 percent gravel; neutral (pH 6.6); gradual smooth boundary

A2--25 to 64 cm; loam, brown (7.5YR 4/3) dry, dark reddish brown (5YR 3/3) moist; weak very fine subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and moderately plastic; many very fine roots; many very fine irregular pores; 3 percent gravel; neutral (pH 6.6); gradual smooth boundary

Bw1--64 to 89 cm; loam, brown (7.5YR 5/3) dry, dark reddish brown (5YR 3/4) moist; few fine distinct redoximorphic concentrations, yellowish red (5YR 5/6) dry, reddish brown (5YR 5/4) moist; weak very fine subangular blocky structure; hard, firm, slightly sticky and moderately plastic; few fine roots; many very fine irregular and few fine tubular pores; 10 percent gravel; neutral (pH 6.6); clear smooth boundary

Bw2--89 to 150 cm; loam, brown (7.5YR 5/4) dry, dark reddish brown (5YR 3/4) moist; few fine distinct redoximorphic concentrations, yellowish red (5YR 5/6) dry, yellowish red (5YR 4/6) moist; weak very fine and fine angular blocky structure; hard, firm, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few fine roots; common very fine irregular pores; 10 percent gravel; slightly acid (pH 6.4)

TYPE LOCATION: Klickitat County, Washington, about 9.7 km northeast of Goldendale; about 300 m south and 150 m east of the northwest corner of section 19, T. 5 N., R. 17 E.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Mean annual soil temperature--about 8 to 11 degrees C
Soil moisture control section--dry in all parts 75 to 90 consecutive days during the 4 months following summer solstice in 6 years or more out of 10 years
Particle-size control section--18 to 25 percent clay; 0 to 10 percent rock fragments
Depth to redoximorphic concentrations that have chroma of 4 or more--50 to 75 cm
Thickness of mollic epipedon--50 to 75 cm
Reaction--6.1 to 7.3 throughout

A horizon
Hue--5YR to 10YR
Value--4 or 5 dry
Chroma--2 or 3 dry or moist
Features of A2 horizon--loam or silt loam; 18 to 23 percent clay; 0 to 10 percent rock fragments
Combined thickness--48 to 76 cm

Bw horizon
Hue--5YR to 10YR
Value--4 or 5 dry, 3 or 4 moist
Chroma--3 or 4 dry or moist
Color of redoximorphic concentrations--value of 5 or 6 dry, 4 or 5 moist; chroma of 4 to 8 dry or moist
Quantity of redoximorphic concentrations--few to many
Texture of thin strata in some pedons--very gravelly sandy loam
Combined thickness--more than 74 cm

COMPETING SERIES:
Alsea, Chapman, McDoug--dry 45 to 60 consecutive days following summer solstice; 75 to 100 cm to redoximorphic features that have chroma of 2 or less
Eld--dry 60 to 75 consecutive days following summer solstice; pH of 5.6 to 6.5 throughout

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Elevation--240 to 1125 m
Climate--warm, dry summers; cool, moist winters
Mean annual precipitation--510 to 610 mm
Mean January air temperature--about -2 degrees C
Mean July air temperature--about 19 degrees C
Mean annual air temperature--about 8 to 9 degrees C
Frost-free season--100 to 140 days

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS:
Itat, Lyville, Suta--regular decrease in organic carbon as depth increases; loamy-skeletal
Maydol--regular decrease in organic carbon as depth increases; mollic epipedon 30 to 45 cm thick
Presher, Quiden--regular decrease in organic carbon as depth increases; ochric epipedon

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY:
Drainage class--moderately well drained
Saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ksat)--moderately high
Seasonal high water table--highest in February through April, below 100 cm during the growing season
Flooding--occasional, brief periods in March and April

USE AND VEGETATION:
Use--mainly production of pasture and hay crops; limited timber production and wildlife habitat
Native vegetation--ponderosa pine, quaking aspen, Idaho fescue, elk sedge, antelope bitterbrush, rose, Oregon grape, common snowberry

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Klickitat County, Washington; MLRA 6; small extent

SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (SSRO) RESPONSIBLE: Portland, Oregon

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Klickitat County, Washington; 2003

REMARKS:
Diagnostic horizons and other features recognized in this pedon
*Mollic epipedon--zone from the surface to a depth of 64 cm; assumed irregular decrease in organic carbon
*Cambic horizon--zone from 64 to 150 cm
*Particle-size control section--zone from 25 to 100 cm
*water table depth--above 100 cm less than 20 consecutive or 30 cumulative days in normal years

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National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.