LOCATION OLEMAN NV

Established Series
Rev. DJM/RLB/JBF
06/2016

OLEMAN SERIES

The Oleman series consists of shallow over a duripan, well drained soils that formed in alluvium derived from ignimbrite, rhyolite and limestone. The Oleman soils are on fan piedmonts. Slopes are 2 to 15 percent. The mean annual precipitation is about 230 mm and the mean annual temperature is about 13 degrees C.

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Loamy-skeletal, mixed, superactive, mesic, shallow Ustic Argidurids

TYPICAL PEDON: Oleman very gravelly fine sandy loam--rangeland. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted.) The surface is partially covered with 10 percent cobbles and 30 percent gravel.

A--0 to 5 cm; pale brown (10YR 6/3) very gravelly fine sandy loam, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; moderate medium platy structure; slightly hard, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few very fine roots; many very fine vesicular pores; 5 percent cobbles and 40 percent gravel; slightly effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.0); abrupt smooth boundary. (5 to 8 cm thick)

Btqk1--5 to 13 cm; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) very gravelly clay loam, dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) moist; moderate medium prismatic structure parting to strong fine and medium subangular blocky; soft, very friable, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; common very fine and fine roots; many very fine interstitial pores; common moderately thick clay films coating pores and on faces of peds; common fine silica and carbonate coats on undersides of rock fragments, few silica and carbonate pendants; 10 percent cobbles and 45 percent gravel; slightly effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.2); clear smooth boundary. (0 to 10 cm thick)

Btqk2--13 to 23 cm; brown (7.5YR 5/4) very gravelly clay loam, brown (7.5YR 4/4) moist; moderate fine prismatic structure parting to strong fine subangular blocky; hard, friable, very sticky and very plastic; common very fine and fine roots; common very fine and fine interstitial and common fine tubular pores; many moderately thick clay films coating pores and on faces of peds; common fine silica and carbonate coats on underside of rock fragments, few silica and carbonate pendants; 10 percent cobbles and 40 percent gravel; strongly effervescent; slightly alkaline (pH 7.8); clear smooth boundary. (8 to 13 cm thick)

Btqk3--23 to 36 cm; light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) very gravelly loam; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) moist; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, very friable, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; common very fine and fine roots; common very fine and fine tubular pores; few fine clay films lining pores and on faces of peds; many fine silica and carbonate pendants on undersides of rock fragments; 10 percent cobbles and 40 percent gravel; violently effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.4); abrupt wavy boundary. (10 to 20 cm thick)

Bqkm--36 to 61 cm; white (10YR 8/1) indurated duripan with silica lamellae overlapping each other in the upper 8 cm of the pan; light gray (10YR 7/2) moist; massive; extremely hard, extremely firm; few very fine and fine roots in fractures; 5 percent cobbles and 30 percent gravel; clear wavy boundary. (20 to 38 cm thick)

2Bqk--61 to 152 cm; light gray (10YR 7/2) stratified extremely gravelly loamy sand and extremely cobbly sand; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) moist; massive; very hard, very firm, nonsticky and nonplastic; few very fine and fine roots in soft areas; many very fine and fine interstitial pores; about 60 percent strongly cemented silica and carbonate masses; many fine silica and carbonate pendants on undersides of rock fragments; many fine silica and carbonate coats on tops and sides of rock fragments; 25 percent cobbles and 45 percent gravel; violently effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.4).

TYPE LOCATION: Lincoln County, Nevada; approximately 6 and 1/4 miles southwest of the Delamar ghost town; 2000 feet east and 790 feet south from the northwest corner of section 15, T. 6 S., R. 64 E.; USGS Delamar 7.5 minute topographic quadrangle; latitude 37 degrees 25 minutes 56 seconds N, and longitude 114 degrees 49 minutes 21 seconds W; WGS84 Decimal Degrees 37.4322222 latitude, -114.8225000 longitude.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil moisture: Usually dry, moist in the winter and spring dry in summer and fall except for 10 to 20 days cumulative between July and October due to convection storms; aridic soil moisture regime bordering on ustic.
Mean annual soil temperature: 13 to 14 degrees C.
Depth to duripan: 36 to 50 cm.
Reaction: Slightly alkaline through strongly alkaline.

Particle-size control Section - Clay content: Averages 25 to 35 percent.
Rock fragments: 35 to 60 percent.

A horizon
Value: 5 or 6 dry.
Chroma: 2 or 3.

Btk horizons
Hue: 10YR to 7.5YR.
Value: 5 or 6 dry, 3 or 4 moist.
Chroma: 4 through 6 moist.
Rock fragments: 30 to 50 percent gravel, 5 to 10 percent cobbles.
Structure: Prismatic or subangular blocky.
Consistence: Soft to hard dry; friable or very friable moist.

Bqkm horizon
Indurated duripan with gravelly or very gravelly matrix.

2Bqk horizon
Value: 6 or 7 dry, 4 or 5 moist.
Chroma: 2 through 4 dry.
Clay content: 5 to 10 percent.
Rock fragments: 45 to 75 percent.
Cementation: 40 to 60 percent strongly cemented silica and carbonate masses.
Other features: Many fine to thick silica and carbonate coats and pendants completely coating rock fragments.

COMPETING SERIES: There are no other series in this family.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Oleman soils are on fan piedmonts. These soils formed in mixed alluvium derived dominantly from ignimbrite, rhyolite and limestone. Slopes are 2 to 15 percent. Elevations are 1,280 to 1,680 meters. The climate is semiarid with cool moist winters and hot intermittently moist summers. The mean annual precipitation is 200 to 250 mm, mean annual temperature is 12 to 13 degrees C, and the frost free season is 120 to 150 days.

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Leo and the Pahroc series. Leo soils lack a duripan within 150 cm and have a loamy- skeletal particle-size control section. Pahroc soils lack an argillic horizon.

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Well drained; medium runoff; moderately high saturated hydraulic conductivity.

USE AND VEGETATION: Rangeland and wildlife habitat. The present vegetation is mainly blackbrush, desert bitterbrush and desert needlegrass.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Southeastern Nevada. Oleman soils are of small extent. MLRA 29.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Davis, California

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Lincoln County, Nevada, South Part, 1992.

REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon - The zone from the soil surface to 5 cm (A horizon.)
Argillic horizon - The zone from 5 to 36 cm (Btk1, Btk2 and Btk3 horizons)'
Ustic intergrades - Meets organic matter requirement for ustic.
Duripan - The zone from 36 to 61 cm (Bqkm horizon).
Particle-size control section - The zone from 5 to 36 cm (Btk1, Btk2 and Btk3 horizons).

ADDITIONAL DATA: Characterization data available for samples S86NV - 017-002(38-43)

National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.