LOCATION OVERLAND                NV+UT

Established Series
Rev. WMA/RMW/ELS/JBF
11/2016

OVERLAND SERIES

The Overland series are moderately deep well drained soils that formed residuum derived from limestone with some ashy loess influence. Overland soils are on mountains. Slopes are 15 to 50 percent. The mean annual precipitation is about 250 mm and the mean annual temperature is about 7 degrees C.

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Loamy-skeletal, carbonatic, frigid Xeric Haplocalcids

TYPICAL PEDON: Overland extremely gravelly loam - woodland (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted.)

A1--0 to 5 cm; light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) extremely gravelly loam, dark brown (10YR 3/3) moist; massive; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many very fine vesicular pores; 80 percent gravel; strongly effervescent; strongly alkaline (pH 8.6); abrupt smooth boundary. (0 to 8 cm thick)

A2--5 to 20 cm; light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) gravelly loam, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; massive; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common fine and very fine roots; many fine and very fine tubular pores; 15 percent gravel; strongly effervescent; strongly alkaline (pH 8.6); gradual smooth boundary. (13 to 30 cm thick)

Bqk1--20 to 41 cm; very pale brown (10YR 7/3) very gravelly loam, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; massive; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few coarse, and common medium, fine and very fine roots; many fine and very fine tubular pores; 45 percent gravel; silica and carbonate coatings on underside of gravel; strongly effervescent; strongly alkaline (pH 8.6); gradual smooth boundary. (15 to 30 cm thick)

Bqk2--41 to 56 cm; light gray (10YR 7/2) very gravelly loam, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) moist; massive; soft, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few medium, and common fine and very fine roots, many fine and very fine tubular pores; 45 percent gravel; silica and carbonate coated on the underside; violently effervescent; strongly alkaline (pH 8.8); abrupt smooth boundary. (10 to 40 cm thick)

R--56 cm; limestone bedrock. Solution pitted on part of the rock surface and coated with carbonates in other parts.

TYPE LOCATION: Eureka County, Nevada; approximately 1,200 feet west and 2,050 feet north of the SE corner of sec. 31, T. 20 N., R. 52 E.; USGS Hay Ranch 7.5 minute topographic quadrangle; latitude 39 degrees 33 minutes 4 seconds N and longitude 116 degrees 8 minutes 57 seconds W; WGS84 Decimal Degrees 39.5511111 latitude, -116.1491667 longitude.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil moisture: Usually dry, but are moist during the winter and early spring months; aridic moisture regime bordering on xeric.
Mean annual soil temperature: 7 to 8 degrees C.
Mean annual summer soil temperature: 16 to 17 degrees C.
Depth to bedrock: 50 to 100 cm.
Chroma: 2 or 3.

Particle-size control section - Clay content 15 to 25 percent
Rock fragments: Average 40 to 65 percent coarse fragments, including gravel, cobbles and stones.

A horizons
Value: 3 or 4.
Effervescence: Slightly effervescent or strongly effervescent
Reaction: Moderately alkaline or strongly alkaline.

Bqk horizons
Value: 6 through 8 dry and 4 or 5 moist.
Rock fragments: 35 to 70 percent.
Effervescence: Strongly effervescent or violently effervescent.

COMPETING SERIES: These are the Horseridge and Simeroi series.

Horseridge and Simeroi soils that lack bedrock within 100 cm.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Overland soils are on mountains. Elevations are 1,830 to 2,290 meters. Slope are 15 to 50 percent. The soils formed in residuum derived from limestone with some ashy loess influence. The climate is cool, semiarid. Mean annual precipitation is 200 to 360 mm and comes mostly as snow. The mean annual temperature is 6 to 8 degrees C., and the frost-free season is 50 to 80 days.

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Bartine and Uril soils. Bartine soils have mollic epipedons. Uril soils have indurated duripans and lack bedrock within 150 cm.

DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well-drained; medium or rapid runoff; moderate permeability; moderately high saturated hydraulic conductivity.

USE AND VEGETATION: Livestock grazing and wildlife habitat. The principal vegetation is juniper, singleleaf pinyon, big sagebrush, and Sandberg bluegrass.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Central Nevada. Overland soils are inextensive with roughly 9,300 acres. MLRA 28B.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Davis, California

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Eureka County, Nevada, 1971.

REMARKS: Overland soils were formerly classified as Calcisols.

Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon - The zone from the surface to 18 cm. (A1 and part of A2 horizons).
Calcic horizon - The zone from about 20 to 56 cm (Part of the Bqk1 and the Bqk2 horizons).
Lithic contact - The boundary at 56 cm (R layer).
Particle-size control section - The zone from about 25 to 56 cm (Bqk1 and Bqk2 horizons).

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National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.