LOCATION PALINOR                 NV

Established Series
Rev. TSB-LJL-RLB-JVC
11/2016

PALINOR SERIES

The Palinor series consists of shallow to a duripan, well drained soils that formed in alluvium derived mainly from limestone and dolomite. Palinor soils are on fan remnants and ballenas. Slopes are 2 to 50 percent. The mean annual precipitation is about 230 mm and the mean annual temperature is about 8 degrees C.

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Loamy-skeletal, carbonatic, mesic, shallow Xeric Haplodurids

TYPICAL PEDON: Palinor very gravelly loam--rangeland. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted.) The soil surface is partially covered with approximately 55 percent gravel.

A--0 to 8 cm; pale brown (10YR 6/3) very gravelly loam, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; moderate thin platy structure; soft, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common very fine roots; many very fine vesicular pores; 35 percent gravel; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.2); abrupt smooth boundary. (5 to 10 cm thick)

Bw--8 to 25 cm; pale brown (10YR 6/3) very gravelly loam, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; weak medium subangular blocky structure; soft, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many very fine, fine and medium roots; common very fine tubular pores; 35 percent gravel; violently effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.4); clear wavy boundary. (8 to 30 cm thick)

Bk--25 to 46 cm; very pale brown (10YR 7/3) extremely gravelly fine sandy loam, brown (10YR 5/3) moist; massive; soft, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common very fine and few coarse roots; common very fine tubular pores; 70 percent gravel; secondary calcium carbonate concretion around rock fragments, many medium hard secondary calcium carbonate nodules; thin strata and pockets of pinkish gray (7.5YR 7/2) material, violently effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.4); abrupt wavy boundary. (8 to 25 cm thick)

Bqkm--46 to 76 cm; white (10YR 8/1) cemented material, white (10YR 8/1) moist; indurated with 2 to 5 millimeter thick laminar cap; 75 percent gravel; abrupt wavy boundary. (25 to 51 cm thick)

2Cqk--76 to 117 cm; pale brown (10YR 6/3) extremely gravelly sandy loam, pale brown (10YR 6/3) moist; massive; hard, firm, nonsticky and nonplastic; few very fine roots; few very fine interstitial pores; 70 percent gravel; continuous brittle matrix with pockets of weak cementation; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.4); clear wavy boundary. (10 to 81 cm thick)

2Ck--117 to 152 cm; pale brown (10YR 6/3) stratified very gravelly coarse sandy loam and very gravelly sandy loam, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; massive; slightly hard, very friable, nonsticky and slightly plastic; common very fine interstitial pores; 55 percent gravel; discontinuous weak cementation; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.4).

TYPE LOCATION: White Pine County, Nevada; about 11 miles south-southwest of Lund in the White River Valley; approximately 1,250 feet south and 200 feet west of the northeast corner of section 30, T. 10 N., R. 62 E.; USGS Hardy Springs 7.5 minute topographic quadrangle; latitude 38 degrees 42 minutes 4 seconds N and longitude 115 degrees 2 minutes 33 seconds W; WGS84 Decimal Degrees 38.7011111 latitude, -115.0425000 longitude.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil moisture: Usually dry, moist in winter and spring, dry in summer and fall; aridic soil moisture regime that borders on xeric.
Mean annual soil temperature: 8 to 11 degrees C.
Depth to duripan: 36 to 50 cm.
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 40 to 60 percent, of the less than 20 mm fraction.
Reaction: Moderately alkaline or strongly alkaline.

Particle-size control section - Clay content: 10 to 18 percent.
Rock fragments: 45 to 75 percent gravel and 0 to 5 percent cobbles.

A horizon
Value: 5 through 7 dry, 3 through 5 moist.
Chroma: 2 through 4, dry or moist.

Bw horizon
Value: 5 through 7 dry, 3 through 5 moist.
Chroma: 2 or 3, dry or moist.
Structure: Weak or moderate, fine or medium subangular blocky.
Rock fragment: 15 to 45 percent gravel.
Consistence: Soft or slightly hard, dry, nonsticky or slightly sticky, wet.
Effervescence: Strongly effervescent or violently effervescent.
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 15 to 25 percent, in the material less than 2 mm.

Bk horizon
Value: 6 or 7 dry, 4 or 5 moist.
Chroma: 2 through 4, dry or moist.
Texture: Extremely gravelly fine sandy loam, extremely gravelly loam, or very gravelly loam.
Clay content: 10 to 18 percent.
Rock fragments: 50 to 80 percent, mainly gravel.
Structure: Subangular blocky or massive.
Consistence: Soft or slightly hard dry, very friable or friable moist, nonsticky or slightly stick, wet.
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 20 to 40 percent, in the material less than 2 mm.

Bqkm horizon
Value: 7 or 8, dry or moist.
Chroma: 1 through 3, dry or moist.

2Cqk horizon
Value: 6 through 8 dry, 4 through 6 moist, may be variegated in coarse textured subhorizons.
Chroma: 1 through 3, dry or moist.
Texture: Stratified extremely gravelly coarse sand to gravelly sandy loam; averages very gravelly loamy sand when mixed.
Rock fragments: 45 to 70 percent; mainly gravel.
Clay content: Averages 2 to 8 percent.
Consistence: Loose or slightly hard to hard, dry; loose or very friable to firm moist, nonplastic or slightly plastic.
Effervescence: Strongly effervescent or violently effervescent.
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 25 to 45 percent, in the material less than 2 mm.
Other features: Discontinuous weakly to strongly silica and carbonate cemented subhorizons are in most pedons.

2Ck horizon
Texture: Stratified extremely gravelly coarse sand to gravelly sandy loam; averages very gravelly loamy sand when mixed.
Rock fragments: 45 to 70 percent, mainly gravel.
Clay content: Averages 2 to 8 percent.
Consistence: Loose or slightly hard to hard, dry; loose or very friable to firm moist, nonplastic or slightly plastic.
Effervescence: Strongly effervescent or violently effervescent.
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 25 to 45 percent, in the fraction less than 2 mm.

COMPETING SERIES: This is the Ursine series. Ursine soils have a mean annual soil temperature of 12 to 14 degrees C, are moist for 10 to 20 days cumulative between mid-July and mid-September, and have 35 to 50 percent rock fragments in the particle-size control section.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Palinor soils are on fan remnants and ballenas. These soils formed in alluvium derived mainly from limestone and dolomite. Slopes are 2 to 50 percent. Elevation ranges from 1,494 to 2,317 meters. The climate is semiarid with cool, moist winters and warm, dry summers. The mean annual precipitation is 200 to 250 mm, the mean annual temperature is 7 to 9 degrees C, and the frost-free period is 100 to 120 days.

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Parisa, Shabliss, and Urmafot soils. Parisa soils are moderately deep and have Bkq horizons above the duripan. Shabliss soils are loamy and have mixed mineralogy. Urmafot soils have mollic epipedons.

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Well drained; moderately high saturated hydraulic conductivity.

USE AND VEGETATION: Palinor soils are used for livestock grazing and wildlife habitat. The present vegetation is mainly black sagebrush, bottlebrush squirreltail, spiny hopsage, and Nevada ephedra.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: East-central Nevada. These soils are extensive with about 596,000 acres of the series mapped to date. MLRA 28B.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Davis, California.

SERIES ESTABLISHED: White Pine County, Nevada, West Part, 1990.

REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon - The zone from the soil surface to 18 cm (A horizon and part of the Bw horizon).
Calcic horizon - The zone from 25 to 46 cm (Bk horizon).
Duripan - The zone from 46 to 76 cm (Bqkm horizon).

Particle-size control section - The zone from 25 to 46 cm (Bk horizon).

ADDITIONAL DATA: A pedon of Palinor has full characterization data by the Soil Survey Laboratory (SSL), Lincoln, NE, as pedon ID S05NV007001 (pedon # 06N0242).

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National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.