LOCATION PENGILLY MNEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Coarse-loamy, mixed, superactive, nonacid, frigid Typic Fluvaquents
TYPICAL PEDON: Pengilly very fine sandy loam with a 1/2 percent slope on the Swan River flood plain with predominantly lowland hardwood cover. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
A--0 to 4 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) very fine sandy loam, light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) dry; weak fine subangular blocky structure; friable; many medium roots; common fine distinct Fe concentrations of yellowish brown (10YR 5/4); slightly acid; abrupt wavy boundary. (2 to 12 inches thick)
Cg1--4 to 14 inches; dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2) and light grayish brown (2.5Y 6/2) silt loam; massive; friable; common fine roots; few fine prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) Fe concentrations; slightly acid; abrupt wavy boundary. (0 to 15 inches thick)
Cg2--14 to 60 inches; stratified dark gray (5Y 4/1), dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2), light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2), and dark brown (10YR 4/3), loamy fine sand, very fine sandy loam and silt loam; laminated; very friable and friable; common fine distinct grayish brown (10YR 5/2) Fe depletions and few fine prominent yellowish red (5YR 5/6) and dark brown (7.5YR 4/4) Fe concentrations; slightly acid.
TYPE LOCATION: Itasca County, Minnesota; about 1/4 mile southeast of Warba; 2,500 feet west and 800 feet north of the southeast corner, sec. 28, T. 54 N., R. 23 W.; USGS Quadrangle Warba, Minn.; Latitude 47 degrees 7 minutes 33 seconds N., and Longitude 93 degrees 16 minutes 1 second W.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: The soil typically is moderately acid to neutral in the upper part and slightly acid to moderately alkaline in the lower part. Some pedons have free carbonates beginning at depths of 30 inches or greater. Content of rock fragments, mainly pebbles, ranges from 0 to 5 percent by volume. The 10- to 40-inch particle-size control section has a weighted average clay content of 6 to 18 percent. The content of organic matter and thickness of horizons are variable because of the nature of the parent materials.
The A horizon has hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 2 to 5 and chroma of 1 or 2 or is neutral with value of 2. In some pedons it does not have redoximorphic features. The A horizons with moist value less than 3.5 are less than 6 inches thick. The A horizon typically is very fine sandy loam or fine sandy loam, but loam, silt loam, loamy very fine sand, and sandy loam are within the range.
The Cg horizon has hue of 10YR to 5Y, value of 4 to 6 and dominant chroma of 1 or 2; some thin subhorizons may have chroma of 3. It has faint to prominent redoximorphic features. It is very fine sandy loam, fine sandy loam, loam, silt loam, loamy very fine sand, and sandy loam. Subhorizons of loamy fine sand, loamy sand and fine sand are in many pedons. At depths below 40 inches most pedons have textures similar to those in the control section, but some have subhorizons of silty clay loam, clay loam, or sandy clay loam.
COMPETING SERIES: Arnheim is the only other series in this family. Arnheim soils have hue of 7.5YR or redder and are generally more acid.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Pengilly soils are on the nearly level parts of flood plains. Slopes are less than 2 percent. The soils formed in loamy alluvium. Mean annual air temperature is 36 to 45 degrees F. Mean annual precipitation is 22 to 30 inches. Frost-free days range from 88 to 120. Elevation above sea level ranges from 800 to 1600 feet.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: Common adjacent soils are the Indus, Menahga, Nashwauk, and Nebish series. Nashwauk and Nebish soils are moderately well or well drained, are on higher landscape positions and formed in loamy glacial till. Indus soils are very fine. The excessively drained Menahga soils formed in sandy outwash.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Poorly drained. Surface runoff is low. Permeability is moderate. Depth to an apparent seasonal high water table is as high as 0 to 1.5 feet at some time from January to December in most years.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas are forested. Some areas are pastured. Common trees are black ash, silver maple, basswood, balsam fir, paper birch, and quaking aspen.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Northern Minnesota and possibly northern Wisconsin and northern Michigan. This series is of moderate extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: St. Paul, Minnesota
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Itasca County, Minnesota, 1982.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons recognized in this pedon are: ochric epipedon - the zone from the surface to a depth of 4 inches (A horizon). Color value is too low and chroma is too high for typic but it better represents the wet conditions. Higher chromas may in part be due to oxygen enriched water moving to the soil.
ADDITIONAL DATA: Soil Interpretation Record: MN0381.