LOCATION PERECHENEY MI

Established Series
Rev. JOW-WEF-MLK
08/2012

PERECHENEY SERIES

The Perecheney series consists of very deep, moderately well drained soils formed in sandy outwash underlain by stratified loamy and sandy glaciofluvial deposits. These soils are on ground moraines, outwash plains, and lake plains. Slope ranges from 0 to 12 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 762 mm (30 inches), and mean annual temperature is about 6.1 degrees C (43 degrees F).

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Loamy, mixed, active, frigid Arenic Oxyaquic Glossudalfs

TYPICAL PEDON: Perecheney sand, on a 2 percent slope in a forested area on a moraine at an elevation of about 367 meters (1,205 feet) above mean sea level. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)

Oe--0 to 2 cm (1 inch); black (N 2.5/) partially decomposed leaf litter; abrupt smooth boundary. [0 to 5 cm (2 inches) thick]

A--2 to 8 cm (1 to 3 inches); black (10YR 2/1) sand, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) dry; mixed with 30 percent grayish brown (10YR 5/2) uncoated sand grains; weak fine and medium subangular blocky structure parting to weak medium granular; very friable; many fine and common medium and coarse roots; about 2 percent fine and medium gravel; strongly acid; abrupt wavy boundary. [0 to 13 cm (5 inches) thick]

Bw1--8 to 46 cm (3 to 18 inches); strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) sand; weak fine and medium subangular blocky structure parting to weak fine granular; very friable; many fine and few medium and coarse roots; about 4 percent fine and medium gravel; strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.

Bw2--46 to 69 cm (18 to 27 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) sand; weak fine and medium subangular blocky structure parting to weak fine granular; very friable; few fine and medium roots; about 6 percent fine and medium gravel; moderately acid; clear wavy boundary.

Bw3--69 to 91 cm (27 to 36 inches); brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) sand; very weak medium subangular blocky structure parting to single grain; very friable and loose; few fine and medium roots; few fine distinct strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) masses of oxidized iron throughout; about 6 percent fine and medium gravel; moderately acid; abrupt wavy boundary. [Combined thickness of the Bw horizon is 36 to 117 cm (14 to 46 inches).]

E/Bt--91 to 96 cm (36 to 38 inches); pale brown (10YR 6/3) sand, very pale brown (10YR 7/3) dry (E); weak fine subangular blocky structure parting to single grain; very friable and loose; occupies about 85 percent of the horizon surrounding dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) sandy clay loam (Bt); strong medium subangular blocky structure; firm; few fine and medium roots; common fine prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) masses of oxidized iron throughout; about 4 percent fine and medium gravel; moderately acid; abrupt wavy boundary. [5 to 13 cm (2 to 5 inches) thick]

2Bt--96 to 132 cm (38 to 52 inches); dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) sandy clay loam; strong coarse subangular blocky structure; firm; few fine and medium roots; many distinct brown (7.5YR 5/4) clay films on faces of peds; many medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) masses of oxidized iron throughout; about 4 percent fine and medium gravel; slightly acid; abrupt wavy boundary. [15 to 51 cm (6 to 20 inches) thick]

3C--132 to 203 cm (52 to 80 inches); light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) sand and brown (7.5YR 4/4) loamy sand with thin strata of brown (10YR 4/3) silt loam; single grain; loose; common medium prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) masses of oxidized iron throughout; about 2 percent fine gravel; slightly acid.

TYPE LOCATION: Crawford County, Michigan; about 7 miles southeast of Grayling; 550 feet east and 1600 feet north of the southwest corner of sec. 11, T. 25 N., R. 3 W., Beaver Creek Township; USGS Pere Cheney, Michigan topographic quadrangle; lat. 44 degrees 34 minutes 28 seconds N. and long. 84 degrees 38 minutes 45 seconds W., NAD 27.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Unless otherwise stated in this paragraph, depth ranges are measured from the mineral soil surface to depth specified.
Thickness of the sandy mantle: 51 to 127 cm (20 to 50 inches)
Depth to the base of the argillic horizon: 102 cm (40 inches) to greater than 152 cm (60 inches)
Depth to redoximorphic features: 64 to 89 cm (25 to 35 inches)
Series control section: 0 to 10 percent rock fragments

A horizon, where present:
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 2, 2.5, or 3
Chroma: 1 to 2
Texture: sand, loamy sand, or loamy fine sand
Rock fragment content: 0 to 15 percent gravel and 0 to 5 percent cobbles
Reaction: very strongly acid to moderately acid

E horizon, where present:
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 5 or 6
Chroma: 2 or 3
Texture: sand, loamy sand, or loamy fine sand
Rock fragment content: 0 to 15 percent gravel and 0 to 5 percent cobbles
Reaction: very strongly acid to moderately acid

Bw horizon:
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 3 to 6 with 10YR hue; value of 4 or 5 with 7.5YR hue
Chroma: 3 to 6 with 10YR hue; chroma of 6 with 7.5YR hue
Texture: sand, loamy sand, or loamy fine sand
Rock fragment content: 0 to 15 percent gravel and 0 to 5 percent cobbles
Reaction ranges from very strongly acid to slightly acid.

E part of the E/Bt horizon:
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 5 or 6
Chroma: 2 to 4
Texture: sand, loamy sand, or loamy fine sand
Rock fragment content: 0 to 15 percent gravel and 0 to 5 percent cobbles
Reaction: very strongly acid to slightly acid

Bt part of the E/Bt horizon:
Hue: 5YR to 10YR
Value: 3 to 5
Chroma: 3 to 6
Texture: sandy clay loam, clay loam, or loam
Rock fragment content: 0 to 15 percent gravel and 0 to 5 percent cobbles
Reaction: very strongly acid to slightly acid

Some pedons have an E, E', or 2Bt/E horizon, or a combination of these horizons above the 2Bt horizon.

2Bt horizon:
Hue: 5YR to 10YR
Value: 3 to 5
Chroma: 3 to 6
Texture: sandy clay loam, clay loam, or loam
Clay content: 18 to 35 percent
Rock fragment content: 0 to 15 percent gravel and 0 to 5 percent cobbles
Reaction: moderately acid to moderately alkaline

Some pedons have a BC horizon.

3C horizon:
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 4 to 7
Chroma: 2 to 5
Texture: dominantly sand or loamy sand with thin lamella or strata of loamy or silty material
Rock fragment content: 0 to 15 percent gravel and 0 to 5 percent cobbles
Reaction: moderately acid to moderately alkaline

COMPETING SERIES: This is the Durkeelake series. Durkeelake soils do not have a sandy substratum in the lower part of the series control section.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Perecheney soils are on ground moraines, outwash plains, and lake plains. Slope ranges from 0 to 12 percent. The Perecheney soils formed in sandy outwash and the underlying loamy and sandy glaciofluvial deposits. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 711 to 813 mm (28 to 32 inches). Mean annual temperature ranges from 4.4 to 7.2 degrees C (40 to 45 degrees F).

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Croswell, Graycalm, Grayling, Klacking, Leafriver, and Tawas soils. The moderately well drained Croswell soils formed entirely in sandy material. The somewhat excessively drained Graycalm soils, the excessively drained Grayling soils, and the well drained Klacking soils are on similar or slightly higher landscape positions. The very poorly drained Leafriver and Tawas soils are in depressions.

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Moderately well drained. Depth to the top of a perched seasonal high water table ranges from 61 to 107 cm (2 to 3.5 feet) between November and May in normal years. Water is perched on the 2Bt horizon. Potential for surface runoff is very low to medium depending on slope. Saturated hydraulic conductivity is high or very high in the sandy material and moderately high in the underlying loamy material. Permeability is rapid in the sandy material and moderately slow in the underlying loamy material.

USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas are forested. A small percentage is cultivated and used for growing hay. Common tree species include red oak, red maple, jack pine, red pine, quaking aspen and black cherry.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: MLRAs 94A and 98 in northern Lower Michigan. The series is of moderate extent.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: AMHERST, MASSACHUSETTS

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Crawford County, Michigan, 1993.

REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon: from a depth of 0 to 8 cm (3 inches) (Oe, A horizons).
Glossic horizon: from a depth of 91 to 96 cm (36 to 38 inches) (E/Bt horizon).
Argillic horizon: from a depth of 96 to 132 cm (38 to 52 inches) (2Bt horizon).
Arenic feature: sand texture from a depth of 2 cm (1 inch) to the top of the argillic horizon at 96 cm (38 inches).

National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.