LOCATION PIPP OREstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Ashy-skeletal, glassy, frigid Humic Vitrixerands
TYPICAL PEDON: Pipp very stony sandy loam - on a south facing slope, woodland. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise noted.)
Oi--1 inch to 0; organic layer of needles and twigs
A1--0 to 3 inches; very dark brown (10YR 2/2) very stony sandy loam, brown (10YR 4/3) dry; moderate medium granular structure; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; many very fine, fine and few medium and coarse roots; many very fine, fine and few medium and coarse irregular pores; 10 percent gravel, 10 percent cobbles and 30 percent stones; moderately acid (pH 5.8); clear smooth boundary. (3 to 8 inches thick)
A2--3 to 12 inches; dark brown (10YR 3/3) very stony sandy loam, yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) dry; moderate medium granular structure; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; many very fine, fine and few medium and coarse roots; many very fine, fine and few medium and coarse tubular pores; 10 percent gravel, 10 percent cobbles and 30 percent stones; moderately acid (pH 5.8); clear smooth boundary. (3 to 12 inches thick)
Bw1--12 to 20 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) extremely stony sandy loam, pale brown (10YR 6/3) dry; weak fine subangular blocky structure; soft, friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; many very fine, fine and few medium and coarse roots; many very fine, fine and few medium and coarse tubular pores; 10 percent gravel, 15 percent cobbles and 40 percent stones; moderately acid (pH 5.6); clear smooth boundary. (7 to 13 inches thick)
Bw2--20 to 32 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) very stony sandy loam, light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) dry; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, firm, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common very fine, fine and few medium and coarse roots; common very fine, fine and few medium and coarse tubular pores; 20 percent cobbles and 35 percent stones; strongly acid (pH 5.4); clear smooth boundary. (11 to 13 inches thick)
Bw3--32 to 51 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) extremely stony sandy loam, light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) dry; weak fine subangular blocky structure; soft, friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; common very fine, fine and few medium roots; common very fine, fine and few medium tubular pores; 20 percent cobbles and 50 percent stones; moderately acid (pH 5.6); gradual wavy boundary. (13 to 20 inches thick)
R--51 inches; fractured andesite bedrock.
TYPE LOCATION: Jefferson County, Oregon; 2500 feet west and 1500 feet north of the SE corner of section 9, T. 9 S., R. 9 E. (Warm Springs Indian Reservation). (Latitude 44 degrees, 45 minutes, 33 seconds N., Longitude 121 degrees, 37 minutes, 52 seconds E.)
RANGE OF CHARACTERISTICS: These soils are usually moist but are dry in all parts of the moisture control section for 45 to 60 consecutive days within the four months that follow the summer solstice. The mean annual soil temperature is 43 to 46 degrees F. Depth to bedrock is 40 and 60 inches. Hue is 7.5YR or 10YR. The mollic epipedon is 10 to 20 inches thick and may include the upper Bw horizon. The particle-size control section has 35 to 80 percent rock fragments and 10 to 18 percent field estimated clay content. Phosphate retention is 30 to 65 percent and acid oxalate aluminum plus 1/2 iron is between 0.5 and 1.5 percent in the less than 2.0 mm fraction. There is 30 to 50 percent volcanic glass and glass aggregate in the 0.02 to 2.0 mm fraction. Pipp soils have a moist bulk density of 0.80 to 0.90 g/cc. It is moderately to strongly acid.
The A horizon has value of 2 or 3 moist, 4 or 5 dry and chroma of 2 through 4 moist and dry. It has 10 to 40 percent stones, 5 to 40 percent cobbles and 0 to 10 percent gravel. Texture is very stony sandy loam or very cobbly sandy loam.
The Bw horizon has value of 3 or 4 moist, 5 or 6 dry and chroma of 3 or 4 moist and dry. It has 30 to 50 percent stones, 10 to 20 percent cobbles, and 0 to 10 percent gravel.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Fryrear and Yapoah series. Fryrear soils are 20 to 40 inches to basalt bedrock, are dry for 90 to 110 consecutive days following the summer solstice, and contain pumice in the PSCS. Yapoah soils are dry for 60 to 90 consecutive days following the summer solstice, have a solum depth of 10 to 15 inches, and are loamy sand throughout with field estimated clay content of 2 to 8 percent.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Pipp soils are on strongly sloping to very steep side slopes of mountains. Elevations range from 2200 to 4800 feet. Slopes are 12 to 65 percent. The soil formed in residuum and colluvium derived dominantly from andesite with an influence of volcanic ash. The climate is characterized by cold and wet winters and hot and dry summers. The mean annual precipitation is 25 to 40 inches. The mean annual temperature is 41 to 44 degrees F. The frost-free period is 60 to 100 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Grenet and Simnasho soils. Grenet soils are moderately deep to volcanic tuff, contain gravel size rock fragments, and are on adjacent south slopes. Simnasho soils are moderately deep to bedrock, well drained, and are on adjacent slopes.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Somewhat excessively drained. Permeability is moderately rapid.
USE AND VEGETATION: These soils are used for timber production, livestock grazing, watershed and wildlife habitat. The native vegetation is ponderosa pine, Douglas fir, grand fir, and western larch with an understory of snowbrush ceanothus, common snowberry, golden chinkapin, antelope bitterbrush, Idaho fescue, and starflower.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: North-central Oregon; MLRA 6. The soils of this series are of moderate extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Portland, Oregon
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Jefferson County, (Warm Springs Indian Reservation), Oregon, 1993.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features in this pedon are:
Mollic epipedon - from the surface to 12 inches (A1, A2 horizons).
Cambic horizon - from 12 to 51 inches (Bw1, Bw2, Bw3 horizons).
Andic properties - from the surface to 51 inches meeting andic soil properties (2c.).
Particle-size control section - from the surface to 40 inches (A2, A2, Bw1, Bw2, Bw3 horizons) with 15 bar water content of less than 12 percent (dried) based on geographically associated soils.
Phosphate retention, acid oxalate aluminum and iron, volcanic glass and 15-bar water retention data is based on laboratory analysis from similar soils.