LOCATION PROPER MI
Established Series
Rev. EPJ-WEF-MLK
08/2012
PROPER SERIES
The Proper series consists of very deep, moderately well drained soils that formed in sandy lacustrine or eolian deposits on beach ridges or dunes. Slope ranges from 0 to 6 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 762 mm (30 inches) and the mean annual air temperature is about 44 degrees F.
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Sandy, mixed, frigid, ortstein Oxyaquic Haplorthods
TYPICAL PEDON: Proper sand, on a 4 percent slope in a wooded area. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
Oe--0 to 0 inches; black (N2.5/) undecomposed leaf litter. [5 to 8 cm (2 to 3 inches) thick]
A--0 to 8 cm (3 inches); dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) sand, light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) dry; weak fine granular structure; very friable; many fine and medium roots; moderately acid; clear wavy boundary.
E--8 to 25 cm (3 to 10 inches); grayish brown (10YR 5/2) sand with pockets of light gray (10YR 7/2) uncoated sand grains, pinkish light gray (10YR 7/2) dry; weak fine granular structure; very friable; many fine and medium and common coarse roots; slightly acid; gradual wavy boundary. [Combined thickness of the E horizon is 20 to 25 cm (8 to 10 inches).]
Bs1--25 to 43 cm (10 to 17 inches); brown (7.5YR 4/4) sand; weak fine granular structure; very friable; few coarse and common fine and medium roots between columns of ortstein; columns of strongly cemented ortstein 8 to 46 cm (3 to 18 inches) wide extend into the Bs2 horizon; ortstein columns are 2.5 to 43 cm (1 to 17 inches) apart; ortstein occupies 52 percent of the horizon; moderately acid; gradual wavy boundary.
Bs2--43 to 61 cm (17 to 24 inches); brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) sand; single grain; loose; few fine and medium roots between tongues of ortstein; columns of weakly cemented ortstein 5 to 56 cm (2 to 22 inches) wide extend through this horizon from the Bs1 into the BC horizon; ortstein columns are 8 to 15 cm (3 to 6 inches) apart; ortstein occupies 67 percent of the this horizon; neutral; clear wavy boundary. [Combined thickness of the Bs horizon is 36 to 66 cm (14 to 26 inches).]
BC--61 to 96 cm (24 to 38 inches); brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) sand; single grain; loose; columns of weakly cemented ortstein 2 to 4 inches wide extend into this horizon from the Bs2 horizon; ortstein columns are 9 to 16 inches apart; ortstein occupies 15 percent of this horizon; common fine faint light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) iron accumulations throughout; neutral; clear wavy boundary. [0 to 36 cm (14 inches) thick]
C1--96 to 135 cm (38 to 53 inches); pale brown (10YR 6/3) sand; single grained; loose; common fine distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of oxidized iron throughout; neutral; clear wavy boundary.
C2--135 to 203 cm (53 to 80 inches); light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) sand; single grain; loose; common fine prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of oxidized iron throughout; slightly acid.
TYPE LOCATION: Iosco County, Michigan; about 6 miles southeast of the town of McIvor; 2,000 feet west and 150 feet north of the southeast corner of sec. 18, T. 21 N., R. 7 E.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Thickness of the solum: 51 to 102 cm (20 to 40 inches thick)
Rock fragment content: 0 to 5 percent gravel throughout
Oi horizon
Hue: neutral
Value: 2.5
Chroma: 0
A horizon:
Hue: 10YR or is neutral
Value: 2 to 4
Chroma: 0 to 2
Reaction: extremely acid to slightly acid
E horizon:
Hue: 5YR to 10YR
Value: 4 to 7
Chroma: 2 or 3
Reaction: extremely acid to slightly acid
Bs1 horizon:
Hue: 7.5YR
Value: 3 or 4
Chroma: 4
Ortstein content: 50 to 70 percent; occurs in tongues
Reaction: moderately acid
Bs2 horizon:
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value:
Chroma: 4 to 6
Ortstein content: 50 to 70 percent; occurs in tongues
Reaction: extremely acid to neutral
BC horizon:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 5 or 6
Chroma: 3 to 6
Reaction: very strongly acid to neutral
C horizon:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 6 or 7
Chroma: 2 to 4
Reaction: very strongly acid to neutral
COMPETING SERIES: There are no other series in the same family.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: The Proper soils are on beach ridges or dunes. Slope ranges from 0 to 6 percent. They formed in sandy lacustrine or eolian deposits. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 711 to 813 mm 6.1 to 7.2 degrees C (28 to 32 inches). Mean annual air temperature ranges from (43 to 45 degrees F).
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the
Pullup,
Wabun, and
Kanotin series. The somewhat excessively drained Pullup soils are on slightly higher landscape positions. The poorly drained or very poorly drained Wabun and Kanotin soils are on lower landscape positions.
DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Moderately well drained. Depth to the top of an apparent seasonal high water table ranges from 61 to 107 cm (2.0 to 3.5 feet ) between November and May in normal years. Potential for surface runoff is negligible to medium depending on slope. Saturated hydraulic conductivity is moderately high or high in the ortstein, and high or very high in the rest of the pedon. Permeability is moderate or moderately rapid in the ortstein, and rapid in the rest of the pedon.
USE AND VEGETATION: This soil is predominantly wooded, with quaking aspen, eastern white pine and red maple being the most common trees.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: MLRA 94A in northeastern lower peninsula of Michigan. The series is of small extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: AMHERST, MASSACHUSETTS
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Iosco County, Michigan, 1993.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon: from the mineral surface to a depth of 25 cm (10 inches) (A and E horizons).
Albic horizon: from a depth of 8 to 25 cm (3 to 10 inches) (E horizon).
Spodic horizon: from a depth of 25 to 43 cm (10 to 17 inches) (Bs1 horizon).
Aquic conditions: redox concentrations in all horizons below a depth of 61 cm (24 inches).
ADDITIONAL DATA: Soil Interpretation Record No.: MI0663.
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.