LOCATION PATTERSON AR
Established Series
Rev. LBW
10/2018
PATTERSON SERIES
The Patterson series consists of very deep, somewhat poorly drained, moderately permeable soils that formed in loamy sediments. These depressional to nearly level soils are on low terraces in the Western Lowlands of northeast Arkansas and southeast Missouri; MLRA 131. Slopes range from 0 to 2 percent.
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, active, thermic Typic Endoaqualfs
TYPICAL PEDON: Patterson fine sandy loam - cultivated. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
Ap1--0 to 6 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) fine sandy loam; moderate fine and medium granular structure; very friable; many fine roots; common fine pores; few fine round hard iron-manganese concretions; very strongly acid; abrupt smooth boundary.
Ap2--6 to 10 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) fine sandy loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure grading to moderate coarse platy in the lower 2 inches; friable in the subangular blocky part and firm in the platy part; many fine roots; common fine pores; few fine faint light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) iron depletions on faces of some peds; few fine round hard iron-manganese concretions; very strongly acid; clear smooth boundary. (The A horizon ranges from 5 to 12 inches.)
Eg1--10 to 16 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) fine sandy loam; weak medium and coarse subangular blocky structure; friable; common fine roots; common fine pores; few fine distinct dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4, 4/6) iron accumulations and few fine faint pale brown (10YR 6/3) iron depletions in matrix; few medium round hard iron-manganese concretions; very strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.
Eg2--16 to 33 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) fine sandy loam; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; very friable; common fine roots; many medium and coarse pores; few fine distinct dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4, 4/6) iron accumulations and few fine faint pale brown (10YR 6/3) iron depletions in matrix; few medium round hard iron-manganese concretions; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary. (The E horizon ranges from 18 to 24 inches thick.)
Btg1--33 to 43 inches; dark gray (10YR 4/1) sandy clay loam; moderate medium and coarse subangular blocky structure; firm; common distinct very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) clay films on faces of peds and lining pores; common fine roots; common fine and medium pores; few medium brown (10YR 5/3) clay depletions on faces of some peds; common medium distinct dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4, 4/6) iron accumulations and few fine faint pale brown (10YR 6/3) iron depletions in matrix; few fine round hard iron-manganese concretions; very strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary.
Btg2--43 to 53 inches; dark gray (10YR 4/1) sandy clay loam; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; firm; few distinct very dark garyish brown (10YR 3/2) clay films on faces of peds and lining pores; few fine roots; few fine pores; common medium distinct dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4, 4/6) iron accumulations and few fine faint pale brown (10YR 6/3) iron depletions in matrix; few fine round hard iron-manganese concretions; few fine prominent black (10YR 2/1) manganese accumulations on faces of some peds; strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary. (The Bt horizon ranges from 18 to 30 inches thick.)
BCg--53 to 67 inches; dark gray (10YR 4/1) fine sandy loam; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine pores; common medium distinct dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) iron accumulations and few fine distinct brown (10YR 5/3) and grayish brown (10YR 5/2) iron depletions in matrix; few fine iron-manganese concretions; common medium prominent black (10YR 2/1) manganese accumulations on faces of some peds; strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary. (The BC horizon ranges from 0 to 15 inches thick.)
C1--67 to 80 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) loamy fine sand; massive; friable; common faint dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) loamy fine sand bedding planes 1/8 to 1/4 inch thick; common coarse distinct gray (10YR 5/1) iron depletions and common medium distinct dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/6) iron accumulations throughout matrix; common fine and very fine prominent black (10YR 2/1) manganese accumulations throughout matrix; moderately acid; gradual wavy boundary.
C2--80 to 90 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) fine sand; massive; very friable; common faint brown (10YR 5/2) loamy fine sand bedding planes 1/8 to 1/4 inch thick; slightly acid.
TYPE LOCATION: Woodruff County, Arkansas, approximately 3/4 miles southeast of Fitzhugh in the SW1/4 SE1/4 NE1/4, sec. 4, T. 8 N., R. 3 W.; USGS Augusta topographic quadrangle; lat. 35 degrees, 21 minutes, 6 seconds N., and long. 91 degrees, 18 minutes, 29 seconds W., NAD 83.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Solum thickness ranges from 50 to more than 70 inches. Combined thickness of the A and E horizons is more than 20 inches. Reaction ranges from very strongly acid to slightly acid in the A horizon, and is very strongly acid or strongly acid in the E, B and BC horizons and ranges from very strongly acid to neutral in the C horizon.
The A horizon has hue of 10YR, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 2 or 3. Texture is sandy loam or fine sandy loam. Iron accumulations and depletions, where present, are in shades of brown and gray.
The E horizon has hue of 10YR, value of 5 or 6, and chroma of 2. Texture is sandy loam, fine sandy loam or loamy fine sand. Iron accumulations and depletions are in shades of brown and gray.
The B horizon has hue of 10YR, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 2, or value of 4 and chroma of 1. Texture is fine sandy loam, sandy clay loam or clay loam. Iron accumulations and depletions are in shades of brown and gray.
The BC horizon has hue of 10YR, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 2, or value of 4 and chroma of 1. Texture is sandy loam or fine sandy loam. Iron accumulations and depletions are in shades of brown and gray.
The C horizon has hue of 10YR, value of 4, 5 or 6, and chroma of 1 to 3. Texture is sandy loam, fine sandy loam, loamy fine sand or fine sand. Iron accumulations and depletions are in shades of brown and gray.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the
Tuckerman and
Yonges series. Tuckerman and Yonges soils are poorly drained and have moderately slow permeability. The combined thickness of the A and E horizons of the Tuckermann and Yonges series are less than 20 inches.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Patterson soils are on nearly level to depressional low terraces in the Western Lowlands of the lower Mississippi Valley in northeast Arkansas and southeast Missouri. Patterson soils are adjacent to eolian dunes. Slopes are dominantly less than 1 percent but they range from 0 to 2 percent. Average annual air temperature at the type location is about 61 degrees F., average annual precipitation is about 50 inches.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These
Amagon,
Askew,
Bosket,
Bulltown,
Dubbs,
Dundee,
Foley and
Wiville soils. Amagon, Askew, Dubbs, Dundee and Foley soils occur on similar landscapes. They are in a fine-silty family. Bosket soils occur on similar landscapes. They are well drained. Bulltown and Wiville soils occur in adjacent dune fields and are better drained.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Somewhat poorly drained. Negligible to slow runoff. A seasonal water table is within 1 to 2 feet of the soil surface in late winter and spring. Permeability is moderate.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most of the soil is cleared; it is used for growing soybeans, grain sorghum and cotton. Native vegetation was hardwood forests of black gum, sweet gum, hackberry, oaks, and hickories.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Lower Mississippi Valley in Arkansas; possibly Missouri, Tennessee, Mississippi, and Louisiana. The series is of small extent.
SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (SSRO) RESPONSIBLE: AUBURN, ALABAMA
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Woodruff County, Arkansas; 1966.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon-surface to depth of 33 inches (Ap1, Ap2, Eg1 and Eg2 horizons).
Argillic horizon-33 to 53 inches(Btg1 and Btg2 horizons).
The Patterson series was formerly classified in thc Alluvial intergrading to Low Humic-Gley great soil group.
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.