LOCATION PUNKIN KSEstablished Series
The Punkin series consists of very deep, moderately well drained, very slowly permeable soils that formed in calcareous, clayey alluvium. These soils are on paleo-terraces in river valleys of the Great Bend Sand Plains (MLRA 79). Slope ranges from 0 to 3 percent. Mean annual precipitation is 29 inches (74 centimeters) and the mean annual temperature is 56 degrees F (13 degrees C).
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, mixed, superactive, mesic Leptic Vertic Natrustolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Punkin silt loam in a cultivated field. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise stated.)
Ap--0 to 4 inches (0 to 10 centimeters); dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2), interior, silt loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2), interior, moist; weak fine and medium subangular blocky structure; soft, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; 15.3 percent clay; neutral , abrupt smooth boundary.
Btn--4 to 8 inches (10 to 20 centimeters); grayish brown (10YR 5/2), interior, silty clay, dark brown (10YR 3/3), interior, moist; weak fine and medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; 44.2 percent clay; few distinct continuous clay films on vertical and horizontal faces of peds; few prominent discontinuous very dark gray (10YR 3/1), moist, organic coats on vertical faces of peds; neutral, clear smooth boundary. (3 to 9 inches thick; 8 to 23 centimeters thick)
Btnz1--8 to 15 inches (20 to 38 centimeters); dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2), interior, silty clay, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2), interior, moist; weak medium prismatic structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky; very hard, firm, very sticky and very plastic; 41.4 percent clay; few distinct continuous clay films on vertical and horizontal faces of peds and few distinct discontinuous organic coats on vertical and horizontal faces of peds; few medium irregular halite crystals throughout; slightly alkaline, clear smooth boundary.
Btnz2--15 to 21 inches (38 to 53 centimeters); brown (10YR 4/3), interior, silty clay, dark brown (10YR 3/3), interior, moist; weak medium prismatic structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky; very hard, very firm, very sticky and very plastic; 44.6 percent clay; few prominent continuous clay films on vertical and horizontal faces of peds and few distinct continuous pressure faces on vertical and horizontal faces of peds; common fine irregular salt masses throughout; slightly alkaline, clear smooth boundary.
Btnkz1--21 to 39 inches (53 to 99 centimeters); grayish brown (10YR 5/2), interior, silty clay, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2), interior, moist; weak medium prismatic structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky; very hard, very firm, very sticky and very plastic; 43.3 percent clay; few distinct discontinuous clay films on vertical and horizontal faces of peds and few distinct discontinuous pressure faces on vertical and horizontal faces of peds; common medium irregular carbonate concretions throughout and common fine and medium irregular salt masses throughout; slightly alkaline, gradual smooth boundary.
Btnkz2--39 to 47 inches (99 to 119 centimeters); light brownish gray (10YR 6/2), interior, silty clay, grayish brown (10YR 5/2), interior, moist; weak medium prismatic structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky; hard, firm, very sticky and very plastic; 44.5 percent clay; few distinct discontinuous clay films on vertical and horizontal faces of peds; common fine irregular carbonate concretions throughout and few fine irregular halite crystals throughout; slightly alkaline, gradual smooth boundary.
Btnkz3--47 to 64 inches (119 to 163 centimeters); light brownish gray (10YR 6/2), interior, silty clay, grayish brown (10YR 5/2), interior, moist; common fine prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) moist irregular mottles throughout; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; hard, firm, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; 40.4 percent clay; few distinct discontinuous clay films on vertical and horizontal faces of peds; common fine irregular carbonate concretions throughout and few fine irregular salt masses throughout and common fine and medium irregular iron-manganese concretions throughout; slightly alkaline, gradual smooth boundary. (Combined thickness of the Bt horizons is 18 to 50 inches; 46 to 127 centimeters thick)
BC1--64 to 78 inches (163 to 198 centimeters); light gray (2.5Y 7/2), interior, clay loam, light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2), interior, moist; common fine prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) moist irregular mottles throughout; weak medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; 32.1 percent clay; common fine and medium irregular iron-manganese concretions throughout; neutral, gradual smooth boundary.
BC2--78 to 80 inches (198 to 203 centimeters); light gray (2.5Y 7/2), interior, loam, light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2), interior, moist; common fine and medium prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) moist irregular mottles throughout; weak medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; 27.0 percent clay; slightly alkaline, 3 percent subrounded mixed gravel. (10 to 22 inches thick; 25 to 56 centimeters)
TYPE LOCATION: Reno County, Kansas; about 11 miles (17.7 kilometers) east and 1 mile (1.6 kilometers) south of Hutchinson; 550 feet (168 meters) south and 1975 feet (602 meters) east NW 35T.23S.R.04W. Bearing 260.( USGS Burton topographic quadrangle; lat. 38 degrees 0 minutes 45 seconds N. and long. 97 degrees 43 minutes 53.3 seconds W.)
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil moisture regime: ustic moisture regime bordering on udic
Soil temperature regime: mesic
Mean annual soil temperature: 56 to 58 degrees F (13 to 14 degrees C).
Particle-size control section: 35 to 60 percent clay
Depth to bedrock: greater than 80 inches (203 centimeters)
Depth to secondary calcium carbonate: 5 to 20 inches (13 to 50 centimeters)
Depth to salt accumulations: greater than 16 inches (40 centimeters)
Redoximorphic concentrations ranges from 20 to 40 inches (50 to 102 centimeters)
Thickness of the mollic epipedon: 10 to 40 inches (25 to 102 centimeters)
A horizon:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 3 or 4 (dry) 2 or 3 (moist)
Chroma: 1 or 2
Texture: loam, fine sandy loam, or silt loam
SAR: 2 to 8
Reaction: neutral or slightly alkaline
Bt horizon:
Hue: 10YR to 2.5YR
Value: 4 to 6 (dry) 3 or 4 (moist)
Chroma: 1 to 3
Texture: clay, silty clay, silty clay loam or clay loam
SAR: 13 to 25
Reaction: neutral to moderately alkaline
BC horizon:
Hue: 10YR to 2.5Y
Value: 5 to 7 (dry) 4 to 6 (moist)
Chroma: 2 or 3
Texture: clay loam or silty clay loam
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 1 to 5 percent
SAR: 20 to 40
Reaction: neutral to moderately alkaline
COMPETING SERIES: Punkin is the only series in this family.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Punkin soils
Parent material: calcareous, loamy and or clayey alluvium
Landform: nearly level to gently sloping paleo-terraces
Slopes: less than 1 percent, but ranges up to 3 percent
Elevation: 1200 to 1700 feet (365.8 to 518.2 meters)
Mean annual air temperature: 55 to 57 degrees F (13 to 14 degrees C).
Mean annual precipitation: 24 to 35 inches (61 to 89 centimeters)
Wettest months: Mar. - Oct.
Driest months: Nov. - Feb.
Frost-free period: 187 to 225 days
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Taver soils. The Taver soils do not have a natric horizon. They are on similar landscapes.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY:
Drainage: Moderately well.
Runoff: low or medium.
Permeability: very slow.
USE AND VEGETATION: Nearly all areas are cultivated. Principal crops are wheat and sorghum. Native vegetation was mid and tall grasses.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: South Central Kansas. LRR H Great Plains Winter Wheat and Range, MLRA 79 Great Bend Sand Plains. The series is of small extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Denver, Colorado
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Reno County, Kansas, 1990. The name is from Punkin Center, a location in eastern Reno County.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
mollic epipedon: The zone from 0 to 15 inches (0 to 38 centimeters) (Ap, Btn Btnz1)
natric horizon: The zone from 4 to 64 inches (10 to 163 centimeters) (Btn, Btnz1, Btnz2, Btnkz1, Btnkz2, Btnkz3)
Keys to Soil Taxonomy: Eighth edition, 1998
ADDITIONAL DATA: These soils were formerly mapped as Slickspots.
Supporting pedon data: 90KS155007 - characterization data.
PUNKIN
LRR=H
3/28/90: Series being entered into OSED for the first time.
6/14/95: Series and SIRs have been updated and taxonomy was corrected. PRF
12/23/99: series established by Reno County final correlation.