LOCATION QUAFENO OREstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Coarse-loamy, mixed, superactive, mesic Aquultic Haploxerolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Quafeno loam, cultivated. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise noted.)
Ap1--0 to 8 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) loam, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) dry; moderate fine granular structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many very fine roots; many very fine and fine irregular pores; slightly acid (pH 6.4); clear smooth boundary. (4 to 8 inches thick)
Ap2--8 to 16 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) loam, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) dry; weak medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common very fine roots; many very fine and fine tubular pores; slightly acid (pH 6.4); abrupt smooth boundary. (2 to 10 inches thick)
B21--16 to 21 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 3/4) loam, yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) dry; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, firm, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common fine roots; many very fine and fine tubular pores; few fine black stains on peds; many 1 to 2 mm concretions; neutral (pH 6.6); gradual wavy boundary. (5 to 7 inches thick)
B22--21 to 27 inches; dark brown (7.5YR 4/4) loam, light brown (7.5YR 6/4) dry; few fine faint grayish brown (10YR 5/2) and yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) mottles; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common fine roots; many very fine and fine tubular pores; few 1 mm concretions; slightly acid (pH 6.5); gradual wavy boundary. (6 to 12 inches thick)
B3--27 to 36 inches; dark brown (10YR 4/3) very fine sandy loam, pale brown (10YR 6/3) dry; few medium distinct grayish brown (10YR 5/2) and common fine distinct strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) mottles; weak medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, nonsticky and slightly plastic; few fine roots; many very fine tubular pores; slightly acid (pH 6.4); gradual wavy boundary. (10 to 15 inches thick)
C1--36 to 65 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) very fine sandy loam, pale brown (10YR 6/3) dry; few fine and common large distinct grayish brown (10YR 5/2) and common fine prominent strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) mottles; massive; slightly hard, friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; few fine roots; many very fine tubular pores; slightly acid (pH 6.3); abrupt wavy boundary. (15 to 36 inches thick)
IIC2r--65 inches; partially weathered sandstone.
TYPE LOCATION: Multnomah County, Oregon; about 100 feet north of railroad in the SW1/4 SE1/4 SE1/4 section 20, T. 1 N., R. 3 E.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: The mean annual soil temperature ranges from 54 degrees to 56 degrees F. The soils are usually moist but are dry between depths of 4 and 12 inches each year during the summer for 50 to 70 consecutive days. Depth to bedrock is 60 inches or more. Depth to mottles with chroma of 2 or less ranges from 20 to 30 inches.
The A horizon has chroma of 2 or 3. It is loam or silt loam.
The B2 horizon has hue of 10YR or 7.5YR, value of 3 or 4 moist and chroma of 3 or 4 moist and dry. It is loam or very fine sandy loam and averages 12 to 18 percent clay and more than 15 percent coarser than very fine sand.
The C horizon is fine sandy loam or very fine sandy loam.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Dressler, Spokane and Wind River series in other families. Dressler soils have more than 75 percent base saturation. Spokane and Wind River soils lack characteristics associated with wetness. Also, Spokane soils have a paralithic contact at depths of 20 to 40 inches.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Quafeno soils are on low terraces with short, steep escarpment fronts at elevations of 40 to 100 feet. Slopes are 0 to 15 percent. The soils formed in loamy old alluvium of mixed origin. The climate is temperate with warm, dry summers and cool, moist winters. Annual precipitation is 40 to 50 inches. The mean January temperature is 36 degrees to 38 degrees F., the mean July temperature is 65 degrees to 67 degrees F., and the mean annual temperature is 52 degrees to 54 degrees F. The frost-free period is 165 to 210 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Latourell, Quatama and Sauvie soils. Latourell soils have argillic horizons, are fine-loamy and well drained. Quatama soils have argillic horizons and are fine-loamy. Sauvie soils are on associated flood plains and are fine-silty and poorly drained.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Moderately well drained; slow to medium runoff; moderately slow permeability.
USE AND VEGETATION: These soils are cultivated and used for urban development. Berries, vegetables, nursery stock, grains, and seed are the principal crops. The native vegetation is Douglas-fir, western redcedar, Oregon white oak, Oregon ash, Oregon grape, grasses and forbs.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Terraces along the Columbia River in Multnomah County, Oregon. The soils are inextensive.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Portland, Oregon