LOCATION QUAKERBRIDGE NJ
Tentative Series
SCK/Rev. JAK
09/2016
QUAKERBRIDGE SERIES
MLRA(s): 153C, 153D
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Mesic, coated Spodic Quartzipsamments
Depth Class: Very deep
Drainage Class (Agricultural): Somewhat excessively drained
Internal Free Water Occurrence: Deep or very deep
Index Surface Runoff: Negligible
Flooding Frequency and Duration: None
Ponding Frequency and Duration: None
Permeability: Rapid
Shrink-Swell Potential: Low
Landscape: Northern Atlantic Coastal Plain
Landform: Low hill, flat, fluviomarine terrace
Geomorphic Component: Crest, side slope, base slope, rise, tread
Hillslope Profile Position: Summit, backslope, footslope
Parent Material: Sandy fluviomarine deposits
Slope: 0 to 5 percent
Elevation (type location): 95 feet
Frost Free Period (type location): 195 days
Mean Annual Air Temperature (type location): 56 degrees F.
Mean Annual Precipitation (type location): 45 inches
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Mesic, coated Spodic Quartzipsamments
TYPICAL PEDON: Quakerbridge sand (in an area of Lakewood-Quakerbridge complex, 0 to 5 percent slopes, forested. (Colors are for moist soil.)
Oi--0 to 2 inches; dark reddish brown (5YR 3/4), slightly decomposed plant material, reddish brown (5YR 4/4), dry; extremely acid, pH 4.0; abrupt smooth boundary. (0 to 3 inches thick)
A--2 to 3 inches; 75 percent light gray (10YR 7/1) and 25 percent dark gray (10YR 4/1), sand, white (10YR 8/1) and gray (10YR 5/1), dry; single grain; loose; many fine roots; very strongly acid, pH 4.8; abrupt smooth boundary. (0 to 4 inches thick)
E--3 to 20 inches; gray (10YR 6/1), sand; single grain; loose; common fine roots and few medium roots and few coarse roots; 1 percent 3 to 75 millimeter quartzite fragments; very strongly acid, pH 4.8; abrupt irregular boundary. (6 to 24 inches thick)
Bh--20 to 24 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/4), loamy sand; single grain; loose; 5 percent very coarse irregular very weakly cemented ironstone nodules throughout; very strongly acid, pH 4.8; clear irregular boundary. (2 to 10 inches thick)
BC--24 to 42 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6), sand; single grain; loose; 15 percent discontinuous faint clay bridging between sand grains; 1 percent coarse irregular very weakly cemented ironstone nodules throughout; very strongly acid, pH 4.8; gradual smooth boundary. (18 to 30 inches thick)
C1--42 to 46 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6), sand; single grain; loose; 1 percent coarse irregular very weakly cemented ironstone nodules and 1 percent medium distinct strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of oxidized iron and 1 percent medium faint light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) iron depletions; very strongly acid, pH 4.8; gradual smooth boundary. (0 to 18 inches thick)
C2--46 to 80 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4), sand; single grain; loose; 1 percent coarse irregular extremely weakly cemented ironstone nodules and 10 percent coarse prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of oxidized iron and 10 percent medium distinct light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) iron depletions; very strongly acid, pH 4.8.
TYPE LOCATION: Gloucester County, New Jersey; Winslow Wildlife Refuge, about 1.9 miles south east of intersection of Whitehouse Road and US 322 on 322; 0.75 mile north east on Cecil Road (dirt); left at fork 0.3 mile; 100 feet in woodland; USGS Williamstown Quadrangle; lat. 39 degrees 38 minutes 03 seconds N. and long. 74 degrees 54 minutes 32 seconds W.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Depth to the Bh Horizon: 10 to 30 inches
Depth to Bedrock: Greater than 72 inches
Depth to Seasonal High Water Table: 42 to 72 inches, January to April
Rock Fragments: 0 to 20 percent, by volume throughout. Individual layers with more than 15 percent fragments are generally less than 12 inches thick.
Soil Reaction: Extremely acid to strongly acid throughout, unless limed
RANGE OF INDIVIDUAL HORIZONS:
O horizon:
Color--hue of 5YR, value 3 or 4, chroma of 3 or 4
Texture--slightly decomposed or moderately decomposed plant material
A horizon:
Color--hue of 7.5YR to 2.5Y, value of 2 to 7, chroma of 1 or 2
Texture (fine-earth fraction)--sand or fine sand
Ap horizon (if it occurs):
Color--hue of 7.5YR to 2.5Y, value of 4 or 5, chroma of 1 or 2
Texture (fine-earth fraction)--sand or fine sand
E horizon:
Color--hue of 7.5YR to 2.5Y, value of 5 to 7, chroma of 1 or 2
Texture (fine-earth fraction)--sand or fine sand
Bh horizon:
Color--hue of 5YR to 10YR, value of 3 to 6, chroma of 2 to 6. The redder hue and lower value and chroma are restricted to discontinuous thin subhorizons in the uppermost part of the Bh horizon.
Texture--sand, loamy sand, or fine sand
BC horizon:
Color--hue of 7.5YR to 10YR, value of 4 to 6, chroma of 3 to 6
Texture--sand, loamy sand, or fine sand
C horizon:
Color--hue of 7.5YR to 2.5Y, value of 5 to 7, and chroma of 3 to 6
Texture (fine-earth fraction)--sand above 40 inches, and sand, loamy sand, or sandy loam below 40 inches
Redoximorphic Features--iron depletions in shades of olive or gray and masses of oxidized iron in shades of red, brown, yellow, or olive. These features can be few, fine, and faint making them difficult to see especially during dry periods.
Cg horizon (if it occurs):
Color--hue of 7.5YR to 5Y, value of 5 to 7, and chroma of 1 or 2
Texture--(fine-earth fraction)--sand above 40 inches, and sand to sandy loam below 40 inches
Redoximorphic Features--below 42 inches, iron depletions in shades of olive or gray and masses of oxidized iron in shades of red, brown, yellow, or olive. These features can be few, fine, and faint making them difficult to see especially during dry periods.
COMPETING SERIES:
Lakewood soils--have a seasonal high water table greater than 72 inches (excessively drained)
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Landscape: Northern Atlantic Coastal Plain
Landform: Low hill, flat, fluviomarine terrace
Geomorphic Component: Crest, side slope, base slope, rise, tread
Hillslope Profile Position: Summit, backslope, footslope
Parent Material: Sandy fluviomarine deposits
Frost Free Period: 180 to 210 days
Mean Annual Air Temperature: 50 to 56 degrees F.
Mean Annual Precipitation: 40 to 48 inches
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS:
Lakehurst soils-have a seasonal high water table at a depth of 18 and 42 inches (moderately well drained); on lower parts of the landform
Lakewood soils-have a seasonal high water table at a depth below 72 inches (excessively drained); on higher parts of the landform
Atsion soils-have a seasonal high water table at a depth of 6 to 12 inches (poorly drained); on lower landforms
Berryland soils-have a seasonal high water table at a depth of 6 inches above the soil surface to a depth of 6 inches (very poorly drained); on lower landforms
Manahawkin soils-have a seasonal high water table at from 0 to 12 inches above the soil surface (very poorly drained) and are organic soils; on lower flood plain landforms and in closed depressions
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY:
Drainage class (Agricultural): Somewhat excessively drained
Index Surface Runoff: Negligible
Flooding Frequency and Duration: None
Ponding Frequency and Duration: None
Internal Free Water Occurrence: Deep or very deep (40 to 72 inches) and common (present 3 to 6 months)
Permeability: Rapid
Shrink-Swell Potential: Low
SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (SSRO) RESPONSIBLE: RALEIGH, NORTH CAROLINA
Major Uses: Mostly woodland. Areas once farmed have now been abandoned.
Dominate Vegetation: Pitch pine, shortleaf pine, black, and white oak, with an understory of lowbush blueberries and scrub oak. Where wildfires have been severe, pitch pine and black jack oak are dominant.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT:
Distribution: The Northern Atlantic Coastal Plain of New Jersey
Extent: Moderate
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Morgantown, West Virginia
SERIES PROPOSED: Gloucester County, New Jersey, 1999
REMARKS: The Quakerbridge series was formally mapped in New Jersey with the Lakewood series, most often in areas adjacent to poorly or very poorly drained soils such as Atsion sand and Manahawkin muck. However, Lakewood soils have a seasonal high water table greater than 72 inches. Quakerbridge soils typically have a Bh horizon less than 4 inches thick or if the horizon is more than 4 inches, it fails either the physical or chemical properties defined for spodic materials.
Diagnostic horizons and other features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon--the zone from the soil surface to a depth of 3 inches (A horizon)
Albic horizon--the zone from 3 to 20 inches (E horizon)
Aquic conditions--the zone from 42 to 80 inches (C1, C2 horizons) is periodically saturated (episaturation)
ADDITIONAL DATA:
Database Information:
OSD Data Mapunit ID: To be developed
Typical Pedon Data Mapunit ID: 426452
OSD User Pedon ID: Quakerbridge-OSD
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.