LOCATION QUIGLEY MT+UT
Established Series
Rev. BDD-JB-RJS
12/2012
QUIGLEY SERIES
The Quigley series consists of very deep, well drained soils that formed in alluvium, colluvium or till. These soils are on alluvial fans, fan remnants, eroded fan remnants, stream terraces, hills, escarpments, till plains, outwash plains and moraines. Slopes are 0 to 60 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 430 mm, and mean annual air temperature is about 5.0 degrees C.
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, superactive, frigid Typic Haplustolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Quigley loam, rangeland (colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted).
A--0 to 8 cm; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist; weak fine platy structure parting to weak fine granular; slightly hard, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many very fine roots; many very fine and fine tubular pores; 5 percent gravel; neutral (pH 6.8); clear wavy boundary. (8 to 18 cm thick)
Bw--8 to 25 cm; brown (10YR 4/3) clay loam, dark brown (10YR 3/3) moist; weak medium prismatic structure parting to moderate fine and medium subangular blocky; hard, friable, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; many fine roots; many very fine and fine tubular pores; 5 percent gravel; neutral (pH 7.2); clear wavy boundary. (10 to 36 cm thick)
Bk1--25 to 33 cm; pale brown (10YR 6/3) loam, brown (10YR 5/3) moist; moderate fine and medium subangular blocky structure; hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many fine roots; common fine irregular and few fine tubular pores; 5 percent gravel; many fine and medium soft masses of calcium carbonate; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.2); clear wavy boundary. (0 to 38 cm thick)
Bk2--33 to 58 cm; white (10YR 8/1) gravelly loam, light gray (10YR 7/2) moist; weak fine subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common fine roots; many fine tubular and irregular pores; 10 percent gravel and 5 percent cobbles; finely disseminated calcium carbonate and continuous faint coatings of calcium carbonate on rock fragments; violently effervescent; moderately alkaline; gradual wavy boundary. (12 to 38 cm thick)
Bk3--58 to 114 cm; light gray (2.5Y 7/2) gravelly loam; light yellowish brown (2.5Y 6/4) moist; weak fine subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few fine roots; many very fine and fine irregular pores, and common fine tubular pores; 15 percent gravel and 5 percent cobbles; finely disseminated calcium carbonate, and continuous faint coatings of calcium carbonate on rock fragments; violently effervescent; moderately alkaline; gradual wavy boundary. (38 to 65 cm thick)
2Bk4--114 to 152 cm; very pale brown (10YR 7/3) very cobbly sandy loam; pale brown (10YR 6/3) moist; weak fine subangular blocky structure; soft, very friable, nonsticky and slightly plastic; many fine irregular pores; 20 percent gravel and 20 percent cobbles; finely disseminated calcium carbonate, and continuous faint coatings of calcium carbonate on undersides of rock fragments; violently effervescent; strongly alkaline.
TYPE LOCATION: Powell County, Montana; 105 meters west and 30 meters south of the NE corner of sec. 35, T7N, R9W.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil temperature - 4.5 to 8.0 degrees C.
Mollic epipedon thickness - 18 to 38 cm
Depth to calcic horizon - 18 to 38 cm
A horizon
Value: 4 or 5 dry; 2 or 3 moist
Chroma: 2 or 3; dry or moist
Texture: loam or silt loam
Clay content: 18 to 27 percent
Rock fragments: 0 to 35 percent--0 to 15 percent gravel, 0 to 20 percent cobbles
Reaction: pH 6.6 to 7.8
Bw horizon
Value: 4 to 6 dry
Chroma: 2 or 3; dry or moist
Texture: loam or clay loam
Clay content: 18 to 33 percent
Rock fragments: 0 to 35 percent--0 to 15 percent gravel, 0 to 20 percent cobbles
Reaction: pH 6.6 to 7.8
Bk1 horizon
Value: 5 to 8 dry; 4 or 5 moist
Chroma: 1 to 4; dry or moist
Texture: loam, silt loam or clay loam
Clay content: 18 to 33 percent
Rock fragments: 5 to 35 percent--5 to 15 percent gravel, 0 to 20 percent cobbles
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 15 to 40 percent
Reaction: pH 7.4 to 9.0
Bk2 horizon
Value: 7 or 8 dry; 5 to 7 moist
Chroma: 1 to 4; dry or moist
Texture: loam, silt loam or clay loam
Clay content: 15 to 35 percent
Rock fragments: 5 to 35 percent--5 to 15 percent gravel, 0 to 20 percent cobbles
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 15 to 40 percent
Reaction: pH 7.9 to 9.0
Bk3 horizon
Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y; dry or moist
Value: 6 or 7 dry; 5 or 6 moist
Chroma: 2 to 4; dry or moist
Texture: loam, clay loam or sandy loam
Clay content: 15 to 33 percent
Rock fragments: 10 to 35 percent--5 to 15 percent gravel, 5 to 20 percent cobbles
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 15 to 35 percent
Reaction: pH 7.9 to 9.0
2Bk4 horizon
Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y; dry or moist
Value: 6 or 7 dry; 5 or 6 moist
Chroma: 2 or 3; dry or moist
Texture: loam, clay loam or sandy loam
Clay content: 10 to 30 percent
Rock fragments: 30 to 50 percent--15 to 25 percent gravel, 15 to 25 percent cobbles
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 10 to 20 percent
Reaction: pH 7.9 to 9.0
COMPETING SERIES:
Amor (ND) - are moderately deep to a paralithic contact
Azaar (MT) - are moderately deep to a lithic contact
Diagulch (UT) - have hues of 7.5YR or redder throughout
Hibar (MT) - are moderately deep to a lithic contact
Max (ND) - have a cambic horizon
Peerless (MT) - have a cambic horizon
Prospect (MT) - does not have a lithologic discontinuity
Shambo (ND) - does not have a calcic horizon
Tansem (ND) - have a cambic horizon
Tewfel (MT) - are moderately deep to a paralithic contact
Twin Creek (MT) - have a cambic horizon
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Landform - alluvial fans, fan remnants, eroded fan remnants, stream terraces, hills, escarpments, till plains, outwash plains and moraines
Elevation - 850 to 1,950 meters
Slope - 0 to 60 percent
Parent material - alluvium, colluvium or till
Climate - long, cold winters; moist springs; warm summers
Mean annual precipitation - 365 to 485 mm
Mean annual air temperature - 2.5 to 7.5 degrees C.
Frost-free period - 70 to 115 days
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: None listed.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: well drained; moderate permeability.
USE AND VEGETATION: Quigley soils are used mainly for rangeland and irrigated cropland. Potential native vegetation is mainly bluebunch wheatgrass, western wheatgrass, Idaho fescue and Sandberg bluegrass.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Quigley soils are of moderate extent in the intermountain valleys of western Montana. MLRAs - 43B, 44A, 44B.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Bozeman, Montana.
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Granite County, Montana, 1972.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Mollic epipedon - 0 to 25 cm (A, Bw horizons);
Calcic horizon - 25 to 114 cm (Bk1, Bk2, Bk3 horizons); and
Particle-size control section - 25 to 100 cm (Bk1, Bk2, part of Bk3 horizons).
Quigley soils have a frigid temperature regime and an ustic moisture regime.
ADDITIONAL DATA: Laboratory data S-79MT-000-000-797359; Soil interpretations records - MT8113, MT0184.
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.