LOCATION QUIVERA AZEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, mixed, superactive, mesic Calcidic Argiustolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Quivera extremely gravelly loam - rangeland. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted.)
A--0 to 3 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) extremely gravelly loam, dark brown (7.5YR 3/2) moist; moderate fine granular structure; slightly hard, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many very fine and fine roots; common very fine interstitial pores; 60 percent gravel; neutral (pH 7.0); clear smooth boundary. (2 to 5 inches thick)
2Bt1--3 to 8 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) gravelly clay, dark brown (7.5YR 3/2) moist; moderate very fine, fine and medium subangular blocky structure; hard, friable, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; many very fine and fine roots; few very fine tubular and common fine and medium interstitial pores; few faint clay films on faces of peds and in pores; 15 percent gravel; slightly effervescent; neutral (pH 7.0); clear smooth boundary. (5 to 10 inches thick)
2Bt2--8 to 13 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) gravelly clay, dark brown (10YR 3/3) moist; moderate coarse prismatic structure parting to weak very fine subangular blocky; hard, friable, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; many very fine roots; few very fine tubular and common fine interstitial pores; few faint clay films on faces of peds and in pores; 15 percent gravel; slightly effervescent; few fine calcium carbonate filaments; moderately alkaline (pH 8.0); clear wavy boundary. (4 to 10 inches thick)
2Btk--13 to 28 inches; brown (7.5YR 5/4) gravelly clay, brown (7.5YR 4/4) moist; weak very fine and fine subangular blocky structure; hard, firm, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; few very fine roots; few very fine tubular and interstitial pores; few faint clay films on faces of peds and in pores; 15 percent gravel; strongly effervescent; many calcium carbonate filaments; moderately alkaline (pH 8.0); clear wavy boundary. (10 to 15 inches thick)
3Bk--28 to 60 inches; light brown (7.5YR 6/4) very gravelly loam, brown (7.5YR 5/4) moist; massive; slightly hard, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common fine interstitial pores; 40 percent gravel; violently effervescent; many soft calcium carbonate masses; moderately alkaline (pH 8.0).
TYPE LOCATION: Coconino County, Arizona; on Aso Ranch, approximately 19 miles north and 4 miles east of Williams, Arizona; 500 feet south and 50 feet west of the E 1/4 corner of Sec. 26, T. 25 N., R 2 E.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil moisture: Intermittently moist in some part of the SMCS from July to September and December to February. Aridic ustic moisture regime.
Depth to calcic horizon: 20 to 40 inches
Soil temperature: 50 to 55 degrees F.
A horizon
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 4 or 5 dry, 2 or 3 moist
Chroma: 2 or 3, dry or moist
Bt horizon
Hue: 5YR to 10YR
Value: 4 or 5 dry, 3 to 5 moist
Chroma: 2 to 4 dry, 2 or 3 moist
Texture: gravelly clay loam, gravelly clay
Clay: 35 to 50 percent
Rock fragments: 15 to 35 percent gravel
Reaction: Neutral to moderately alkaline
Calcium carbonate equivalent: less than 15 percent as segregated filaments
Bk horizon
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 6 to 8 dry, 5 to 7 moist
Chroma: 2 to 4 dry, 2 to 3 moist
Texture: very gravelly loam, very gravelly loamy sand, very gravelly clay loam
Clay: 10 to 30 percent
Reaction: Slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 15 percent calcium carbonate as segregated filaments, soft masses and coated rock fragments
COMPETING SERIES: This is the Partri (AZ) series. The Partri soils formed in mixed alluvium derived from limestone, sandstone, and basalt and have less than 15 percent gravel in the particle-size control section.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Quivera soils are on fan terraces and have slopes of 0 to 8 percent. Elevations range from 5,700 to 6,800 feet. The soils formed in gravelly calcareous alluvium derived from pyroclastics. The annual precipitation ranges from 12 to 14 inches. Mean January temperature is about 36 degrees F., mean July temperature is about 73 degrees F., and the average annual air temperature is 49 to 54 degrees F. The frost-free period is 120 to 160 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Aut, Winona, and Ziegler soils. Aut and Winona have a lithic contact. Ziegler soils are clayey over fragmental.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained; slow to medium runoff; slow permeability.
USE AND VEGETATION: Used primarily for livestock grazing and wildlife habitat. Vegetation is blue grama, black grama, galleta, fourwing saltbush and winterfat.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Northern Arizona. The soil is of small extent. MLRA is 35.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Phoenix, Arizona
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Coconino County Area, Central Part, Arizona, 1980.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Mollic epipedon - the zone from 0 to 13 inches (A, 2Bt1 and 2Bt2 horizons)
Argillic horizon - the zone from 3 to 28 inches (2Bt1, 2Bt2 and 2Btk horizons)
Calcic horizon - the zone from 28 to 60 inches (3Bk horizons)
Classified according to Keys to Soil Taxonomy Ninth Edition, 2003