LOCATION QUAKER UTEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-silty, carbonatic, mesic Xeric Torrifluvents
TYPICAL PEDON: Quaker silty clay loam--rangeland. (Colors are for air dry soil unless otherwise noted.)
A1--0 to 5 cm; pale brown (10YR 6/3) silty clay loam, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; moderate fine granular structure; slightly hard, firm, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; few very fine roots; few medium and fine and common very fine vesicular pores; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.0); abrupt smooth boundary. (3 to 8 cm thick)
A2--5 to 18 cm; pale brown (10YR 6/3) silty clay loam, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; weak medium subangular blocky structure; hard, firm, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; few very fine, few medium, and common fine roots; common very fine, few fine and medium pores; strongly effervescent; slightly alkaline (pH 7.8); clear smooth boundary. (10 to 18 cm thick)
C1--18 to 33 cm; pale brown (10YR 6/3) silty clay loam, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; hard, firm, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; few fine and few very fine roots; common very fine, few fine, and medium pores; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.2); clear smooth boundary. (10 to 18 cm thick)
C2--33 to 58 cm; very pale brown (10YR 7/3) silty clay loam, brown (10YR 5/3) moist; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; hard, firm, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; few fine and very fine roots; few fine, very fine, and medium pores; violently effervescent, lime is in fine limestone fragments, and a few fine veins; strongly alkaline (pH 8.6) gradual smooth boundary. (25 to 35 cm thick)
C3--58 to 83 cm; very pale brown (10YR 7/3) silty clay loam, brown (10YR 5/3) moist; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; hard, firm, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; few fine and very fine roots; common very fine pores; violently effervescent, lime is in fine limestone fragments, and a few fine veins; strongly alkaline (pH 8.6); clear smooth boundary. (20 to 30 cm thick)
C4--83 to 127 cm; very pale brown (10YR 7/3) silty clay loam, brown (10YR 5/3) moist; massive; hard, firm, slightly sticky and moderately plastic; few fine and very fine roots; common very fine and few fine pores; layer of gravelly material 5 cm thick; violently effervescent, lime is in fine limestone fragments, and a few fine veins; strongly alkaline (pH 8.6); clear wavy boundary. (35 to 50 cm thick)
C5--127 to 145 cm; very pale brown (10YR 7/3) gravelly light clay loam, brown (10YR 5/3) moist; massive; slightly hard, firm, slightly sticky and moderately plastic; few fine and very fine roots; common very fine pores; 25 percent gravel; violently effervescent, lime is in coarse fragments, and in fine veins; strongly alkaline (pH 8.6); clear wavy boundary. (0 to 18 cm thick)
C6--145 to 152 cm; very pale brown (10YR 7/3) sandy clay loam, brown (10YR 5/3) moist; massive; slightly hard, firm, slightly sticky and moderately plastic; few very fine roots; common very fine pores; violently effervescent, lime is in fine limestone fragments; strongly alkaline (pH 9.0).
TYPE LOCATION: Sanpete County, Utah; in Pigeon Hollow; 1,800 feet south and 225 feet east of the northwest corner of sec. 19, T.16S., R.4E.; USGS Chester 7.5 minute quadrangle; latitude 39 degrees 24 minutes 47 seconds N and longityde 111 degrees 31 minutes 24 seconds W; UTM Zone 12 454938e 4362750n, NAD 83.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil moisture: Usually dry; moist in winter and early spring; aridic bordering on xeric soil moisture regime.
Mean annual soil temperature: 8.0 to 12.0 degrees C.
Reaction: Moderately alkaline to very strongly alkaline.
Organic matter content: Decreases irregularly with depth or remains above 0.35 percent to a depth of 125 cm.
Calcium carbonate equivalent: More than 40 percent including the lime in the
coarse fragments less than 20 mm in diameter.
Particle-size control section - Clay content: 27 to 35 percent; less than 15 percent fine sand or coarser.
Rock fragments: Less than 15 percent.
A horizon
Hue: 10YR or 7.5YR.
Value: 5 through 7 dry, 3 through 5 moist.
Chroma: 2 through 4 (A horizons with value of 5 dry and 3 moist are less than 10 cm thick).
C horizons
Hue: 10YR, 7.5YR, or 5YR.
Value: 6 through 8 dry, 4 through 6 moist.
Chroma: 2 through 4.
Texture: Dominantly silty clay loam and occasionally silt loam in thin horizons; in some pedons C horizons below the particle-size control section also contain clay loam, sandy clay loam, and very fine sandy loam.
Rock fragments: 0 to 30 percent, mainly gravel.
Salinity: Nonsaline through strongly saline.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Naser, Redfield, and Redview series.
Naser and Redfield soils have from 18 to 27 percent clay in the particle-size control section. Redfield and Redview soils have hues 5YR or redder.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Slopes: 0 to 8 percent
Landform: alluvial fans, alluvial plains and alluvial flats
Elevation: 1,550 to 1,98 meters
Parent material: alluvium from limestone and shale
Mean annual air temperature: 7.0 to 10.5 degrees C.
Mean summer temperature: 18.5 to 21 degrees C.
Mean annual precipitation: 200 to 300 mm; the climate is semiarid
Frost-free period is 100 to 140 days
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Ephraim, Fontreen, Mellor and Sanpete soils. Ephraim soils have water tables and mottles within a depth of 100 cm. Fontreen and Sanpete soils have more than 35 percent coarse fragments in the control section. Mellor soils have natric horizons.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained; medium to high runoff; moderately slow permeability; moderately high saturated hydraulic conductivity.
USE AND VEGETATION: These soils are used for livestock grazing, dry pasture and for irrigated crops of alfalfa, small grain and pasture. Principal native vegetation is big sagebrush, rubber rabbitbrush, greasewood, shadscale, annual weeds, and Indian ricegrass.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Central Utah. The series is moderately extensive. MLRA 28A.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Phoenix, Arizona.
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Sanpete Soil Survey Area, Utah, 1971.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon: The zone from the surface of the soil to 18 cm. (A1, A2 horizons)
Particle-size control section: The zone from 25 to 100 cm (C2, C3 and part of the C1 and C4 horizons).
Taxonomic Version: Classified according to Keys to Soil Taxonomy, Tenth Edition, 2006.