LOCATION QUINDOCQUA MD
Tentative Series
SYD-AMH/Rev. DHK
09/2016
QUINDOCQUA SERIES
MLRA(s): 153C, 153D
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, active, mesic Typic Endoaquults
Depth Class: Very Deep
Drainage Class (Agricultural): Poorly drained
Internal Free Water Occurrence: Very shallow (0 to 10 inches) and common (3 to 6 months)
Index Surface Runoff: Negligible where concave (depressional), to low where nearly level.
Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity: Moderately high in the subsoil, high and very high in the substratum
Permeability(obsolete): Moderate in the solum and rapid in the underlying material
Physiographic Region: Coastal Plain
Landscape: Lowlands
Landform: Interfluves, broad interstream divides, and flats, swales, drainageways
Elevation: 5 to 40 feet (6 feet at type location)
Parent Material: Loamy fluvial and eolian deposits underlain by sandy fluviomarine sediments
Slope: 0 to 2 percent
Mean Annual Air Temperature (type location near Princess Anne, MD): 57 degrees F.
Mean Annual Precipitation (type location near Princess Anne, MD): 46 inches
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, active, mesic Typic Endoaquults
TYPICAL PEDON: Quindocqua silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes at an elevation of 5 to 10 feet, in a cultivated field. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise indicated.)
Ap1--0 to 3 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) silt loam, gray (10YR 6/1) dry; moderate thin platy structure; very friable, slightly sticky, nonplastic; common fine and very fine roots throughout; many fine and very fine tubular pores; common fine distinct brown (7.5YR 4/4) irregular iron accumulations throughout; slightly acid; clear smooth boundary.
Ap2--3 to 7 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) silt loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable, nonsticky, nonplastic; common fine and very fine roots throughout; many fine and very fine tubular pores throughout; few patchy areas of undecomposed organic material visible at bottom of horizon as a result of recent chisel plowing; few fine distinct brown (7.5YR 4/4) irregular iron accumulations throughout; slightly acid; clear wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of the Ap horizons is 2 to 13 inches thick)
AE--7 to 10 inches; dark gray (10YR 4/1) silt loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure parting to weak medium platy; friable, nonsticky, nonplastic; common fine and very fine roots throughout; common fine tubular pores; few fine prominent brown (7.5YR 4/4) irregular iron accumulations throughout; slightly acid; abrupt wavy boundary. (0 to 6 inches thick)
Btg1--10 to 14 inches; grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) silt loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable, moderately sticky, slightly plastic; common fine roots along ped faces; common fine tubular pores throughout; common faint grayish brown (10YR 5/2) clay films on ped faces; strongly acid; clear smooth boundary. (5 to 19 inches thick)
Btg2--14 to 17 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) loam; strong medium subangular blocky structure; firm, moderately sticky, slightly plastic; common fine and very fine roots between peds; common fine tubular pores; common faint grayish brown (10YR 5/2) clay films on ped faces; very strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.
Btg3--17 to 23 inches; 40 percent grayish brown (10YR 5/2) and 40 percent grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) silt loam; moderate very coarse subangular blocky structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky; friable, moderately sticky, moderately plastic; few fine roots between peds; common fine faint gray (10YR 6/1) irregular iron depletions and common fine and medium prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) irregular iron accumulations throughout; common faint gray (10YR 5/1) clay films on ped faces; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of the Btg horizon is 5 to 18 inches thick)
2Btg4--23 to 31 inches; gray (10YR 5/1) loam; moderate coarse and medium subangular blocky structure; moderately sticky, slightly plastic; common fine roots between peds; common fine tubular pores throughout; common medium and coarse prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) irregular iron accumulations and common medium faint gray (2.5Y 6/1) irregular iron depletions throughout; few faint grayish brown (10YR 5/2) clay films on ped faces; very strongly acid; abrupt wavy boundary. (5 to 17 inches thick)
2Cg1--31 to 39 inches; light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) fine sand; massive; very friable, nonsticky, nonplastic; common coarse prominent light olive brown (2.5Y 5/6) and common fine prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) irregular iron accumulations throughout; common medium faint gray (2.5Y 6/1) irregular iron depletions throughout; very strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.
2Cg2--39 to 64 inches; 65 percent light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) and 35 percent grayish brown (10YR 5/2) fine sand; massive; very friable, nonsticky, nonplastic; very strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.
2C--64 to 80 inches; pale brown (10YR 6/3) fine sand; massive; very friable, nonsticky, nonplastic; very strongly acid.
TYPE LOCATION: Somerset County, Maryland; from the intersection of U.S. Rt. 13 and Deal Island Road (Rt. 363) 4.9 miles west on Rt. 363 to Drawbridge Road, north 0.4 miles on Drawbridge Road; west 0.75 miles on Fitzgerald Road to farm lane, south 0.1 miles on farm lane; site is 65 feet west of ditch which is parallel to farm lane; USGS Monie topographic quadrangle; lat. 38 degrees, 11 minutes, 48.9 seconds N. and long. 75 degrees, 47 minutes, 50.4 seconds W., NAD 83.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Depth to Bedrock: Greater than 72 inches
Depth to Seasonal High Water Table: 0 to 10 inches, January to May
Rock Fragments: 0 to 5 percent rounded and subrounded quartzite and chert gravel above the lithologic discontinuity; 0 to 20 percent below the lithologic discontinuity.
Elevation: 5 to 40 feet (6 feet at type location)
Depth to top of the Argillic horizon: 3 to 17 inches
Depth to the base of the Argillic: 18 to 41 inches
Soil Reaction: Extremely acid to strongly acid, except where limed. Inherently, these soils have a low base status.
Depth to Lithologic discontinuity: 17 to 33 inches
Silt content: 35 to 60 percent in layers above the lithologic discontinuity
RANGE OF INDIVIDUAL HORIZONS:
Ap or A horizon:
Color--hue of 7.5YR to 2.5 Y, value of 2 to 5, and chroma of 1 to 3
Texture (fine-earth fraction)-loam or silt loam
E horizon (if it occurs):
Color-hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 5 or 6, and chroma of 1 or 2
Texture (fine-earth fraction)-loam or silt loam
Redoximorphic features (if they occur)-iron accumulations in shades of red, yellow, or brown and iron depletions in shades of brown, yellow, olive, or gray
Btg horizon:
Color-hue of 10YR to 5Y, value of 4 to 7, chroma of 1 or 2
Texture (fine-earth fraction)-loam, silt loam,
Redoximorphic features (if they occur)--iron accumulations in shades of red, yellow, or brown and iron depletions in shades of brown, yellow, olive, or gray
2Btg horizon:
Color-hue of 10YR to 5Y, value of 4 to 7, chroma of 1 or 2
Texture (fine-earth fraction)-sandy loam, loam, or sandy clay loam
Redoximorphic features (if they occur)--iron accumulations in shades of red, yellow, or brown and iron depletions in shades of brown, yellow, olive, or gray
2BCg or 2CBg (if it occurs):
Color-hue of 7.5YR to 5Y, value of 4 to 7, chroma of 1 or 2
Texture (fine-earth fraction)-loamy sand, sandy loam, or sandy clay loam
Redoximorphic features (if they occur)--iron accumulations in shades of red, yellow, or brown and iron depletions in shades of brown, yellow, olive, or gray
2Cg
Color-hue of 10YR to 5Y, value of 5 to 8, chroma of 1 or 2
Texture (fine-earth fraction)- fine sand, loamy fine sand, sand, loamy sand, or less commonly loam
Redoximorphic features (if they occur)--iron accumulations in shades of red, yellow, or brown and iron depletions in shades of brown, yellow, olive, or gray
2C
Color-hue of 7.5YR to 5Y, value of 5 to 8, chroma of 3 to 8
Texture (fine-earth fraction)-fine sand, loamy fine sand, sand, or loamy sand, or less commonly loam and silt loam
Redoximorphic features (if they occur)--iron accumulations in shades of red, yellow, or brown and iron depletions in shades of brown, yellow, olive, or gray
COMPETING SERIES:
Baile soils--formed in alluvium underlain by residuum weathered from felsic crystalline rock, in a semiactive cation exchange activity class
Chatuge soils--formed in alluvium in the Blue
Ridge Mountains and contain mica flakes throughout (CEC activity class has not been assigned)
Fallsington soils--do not have a lithologic discontinuity, do not have 35 to 60 percent silt in all horizons above a lithologic discontinuity, on similar landforms
Shrewsbury soils--have glauconite in the subsoil, do not have a lithologic discontinuity
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Landscape: Coastal Plain, Peninsula
Landform: Interfluves, broad interstream divides, and flats
Geomorphic Component: Rises, talfs, and dips
Elevation: 5 to 40 feet (6 feet at type location)
Parent Material: Loamy fluvial and eolian deposits underlain by sandy and loamy fluvial and fluviomarine deposits
Mean Annual Air Temperature: 56 to 59 degrees
Mean Annual Precipitation: 42 to 46 inches
Frost Free Period: 200 to 232 days
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS:
Annemessex soils--do not have a low chroma matrix in the horizon immediately beneath the surface or subsurface horizon, slightly higher positions.
Fallsington soils--do not have a lithologic discontinuity, do not have 35 to 60 percent silt in all horizons above a lithologic discontinuity, on similar landforms
Kentuck soils--have an umbric epipedon, on slightly lower positions.
Manokin soils--do not have a low chroma matrix in the horizon immediately beneath the surface or subsurface horizon, on higher positions.
Othello soils--have a fine-silty particle-size control section with 18 to 27 percent clay and sola less than 40 inches thick, on similar landforms
Queponco soils--do not have redoximorphic features within 40 inches of the soil surface, on higher positions.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY:
Drainage class (Agricultural): Poorly drained
Index Surface Runoff: Negligible where concave (depressional), to low where nearly level.
Internal Free Water Occurrence: Very shallow (0 to 10 inches) and common (3 to 6 months)
Permeability: Moderate in the solum and rapid in the underlying material
SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (SSRO) RESPONSIBLE: RALEIGH, NORTH CAROLINA
Major Uses: Cultivated Crops and timber production.
Dominant Vegetation: Where cultivated--mostly agronomic crops such as corn, wheat and soybeans. Where wooded--upper story species include red maple (Acer rubra), American holly (Ilex opaca), sweet gum (Liquidambar styraciflua), American beech (Fagus grandifolia) and loblolly pine (Pinus taeda).
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT:
Distribution: MLRA 153C and 153D Northern Tidewater area of Maryland and possibly Delaware; MLRA 149A Northern Coastal Plain area of Southern Maryland (Western Shore)
Extent: The series is moderate, 20,000 to 30,000 acres (estimate)
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Morgantown, West Virginia
SERIES PROPOSED: Somerset County, Maryland, 2002
REMARKS: Quindocqua soils were previously mapped as the Othello series. Quindocqua soils are differentiated from Othello by having a particle-size control section that is fine-loamy rather than fine-silty. The name Quindocqua is a variant transliteration of an Algonquian (Native American tribe) word for Quantico (Qundoxua) which means "at the long inlet".
Data for this pedon, S02MD039-008, indicate that there is a change in particle size distribution between the Btg3 and 2Btg4 horizons (silt--52% to 35%; sand--24% to 46%; fine sand--14% to 27%). This indicates the change between eolian and fluviomarine depositional environments. The change in particle size distribution between the 2Btg4 and 2Cg1 horizons (silt--35% to 13%; sand--46% to 83%; fine sand--27% to 51%; clay--20% to 3.4%) is significant, but does not indicate a major difference in mode of transport. Although a loam texture, the 2Bt4 horizon is approaching fine sandy loam.
Some pedons have a 2Ab horizon that has textures similar to the 2C and 2Cg horizons.
Diagnostic horizons and soil characteristics recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon--the zone from 0 to 10 inches (Ap1, Ap2 and AE horizons)
Argillic horizon--the zone from 10 to 31 inches (Btg1, Btg2, Btg3 and 2Btg4 horizons)
Aquic conditions--the soil has redox depletions and concentrations within all layers from the surface to 16 inches and have greater than 50% redoximorphic depletions with redox concentrations within the upper 5 inches of the argillic horizon, with periodic saturation and reduction at some time during the year
Lithologic discontinuity at 23 inches (top of 2Btg4 horizon)
Series control section--the zone from 0 to 60 inches
ADDITIONAL DATA: This pedon sampled as S02MD039-008 (National Soil Survey Laboratory, USDA-NRCS, Lincoln, NE). Additional reference samples include samples numbers S00MD039-056-2, 6; S00MD039-087-1, 3; S00MD039-092-3, 4; S00MD039-093-1, 2,3; S00MD039-094-1, 2; S00MD039-190-2, 3; S00MD039-202-1, 3; S00MD039-205-1, 2 (University of Maryland, College Park, MD).
Data Map Unit ID: 400031
Revised: 02/2002-SYD, AMH, JAK; 10/2005-SYD, AMH, DHK
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.