LOCATION RAKIED FM+PBEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Clayey-skeletal, allitic, isohyperthermic Typic Acroperox
TYPICAL PEDON: Rakied extremely gravelly sandy loam - on a 2 percent simple slope in agricultural forest. When described (1/15/79) the soil was moist throughout. (Colors are for moist soil. All textures are apparent field textures.)
A1--0 to 5 inches; very dark brown (10YR 2/2) extremely gravelly sandy loam; weak fine subangular blocky structure parting to moderate fine granular; very friable, nonsticky and slightly plastic; many fine and medium roots; many very fine and common fine interstitial pores; about 70 percent smooth ironstone concretions, .1 to .8 inch in diameter, and 10 percent vesicular gibbsite concretions; moderately acid (pH 5.6, 1:1 water); clear smooth boundary. (3 to 8 inches thick)
A2--5 to 16 inches; very dark brown (10YR 2/2) extremely gravelly sandy clay loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure parting to strong fine and medium granular; very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many fine and medium roots; common very fine tubular and interstitial pores, and few fine tubular pores; 65 percent iron concretions and 15 percent vesicular gibbsite concretions; moderately acid (pH 5.9, 1:1 water); clear smooth boundary. (4 to 12 inches thick)
B1--16 to 20 inches; variegated brown (7.5YR 5/4) and red (2.5YR 4/6) very gravelly sandy clay loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure parting to moderate fine and medium granular; friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common fine and medium roots; common very fine and fine tubular and interstitial pores; 45 percent iron concretions, few gibbsite concretions, and few conglomerate gravel, 2 to 3 inches in diameter, coated with iron; the red material has horizontally oriented bands; slightly acid (pH 6.1, 1:1 water); abrupt clear boundary. (4 to 8 inches thick)
B2--20 to 36 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/4) very gravelly clay loam; many medium and large dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/6) mottles; weak medium and coarse subangular blocky structure parting to moderate very fine subangular blocky; firm, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; few very fine and fine roots concentrated on top of this horizon; common very fine and fine interstitial pores; few thin waxy coatings lining pores; about 50 percent ironstone concretions; few thin brittle iron-cemented sheets in the upper part of this horizon; slightly acid (pH 6.3, 1:1 water); clear wavy boundary. (10 to 23 inches thick)
B3--36 to 48 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) very gravelly sandy clay loam; many medium distinct red (10R 4/8) mottles; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; firm, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common very fine tubular pores; common thin waxy coatings lining pores; about 50 percent ironstone concretions, .1 to 1 inch in diameter; slightly brittle when moist because of weak iron cementation; slightly acid (pH 6.4, 1:1 water); abrupt wavy boundary. (0 to 20 inches thick)
C--48 to 60 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) very gravelly sandy clay loam; common medium distinct brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) mottles; massive; friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common very fine tubular pores; about 60 percent ironstone and gibbsite concretions; slightly acid (pH 6.3, 1:1 water).
TYPE LOCATION: Island of Ponape, Federated States of Micronesia; about 328 feet south of Panuelo's store and 98 feet west of main road; lat. 6 degrees 57 minutes 13.9 seconds N. and long. 158 degrees 12 minutes 38 seconds E.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Depth to a fluctuating water table ranges from about 20 to 47 inches. The profile in 1:1 water is moderately acid or slightly acid.
The A horizon has moist color of 10YR 2/2, 4/2, or 3/3, of 7.5YR 3/2, or of 5YR 3/2. It is sandy loam or sandy clay loam with 40 to 90 percent gravel.
The B horizon has mottled color in hue of 10R, 2.5YR, 5YR, 7.5YR, or 10YR. Chroma and value range from 4 through 8. It is sandy clay loam or clay loam and is 35 to 75 percent gravel.
The C horizon has color similar to the B horizon but is commonly a little browner. It is sandy clay loam, clay loam, clay, or sandy clay, and is 35 to 75 percent gravel and 0 to 20 percent cobbles.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Umpump and Wahrekdam series. Umpump series is moderately deep and nonskeletal. Wahrekdam series is moderately deep over basalt.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Rakied soils are on uplands and terraces. They formed in old highly weathered lava flows. Slopes are 0 to 5 percent. Elevation is 33 to 656 feet. The mean annual rainfall is 177 to 196 inches, and mean annual temperature is about 81 degrees F.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the competing Umpump soils.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Moderately well drained; low runoff; moderately rapid permeability in the upper 39 inches and moderately slow in the lower part. A water table generally fluctuates between 20 to 47 inches but may fall below 47 inches during dry periods.
USE AND VEGETATION: Rakied soils are used mainly for subsistence agriculture and homesite development. The main crops are coconut, banana, and breadfruit.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: These soils are on the island of Ponape, East Caroline Islands. The series is of small extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Davis, California
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Ponape, Federated States of Micronesia, 1981.
REMARKS:
ADDITIONAL DATA: The pedon described here was sampled and laboratory analysis was performed by the SCS National Soil Survey Lab, Lincoln, Nebraska, in 1979. Pedon number is S79 TQ-634-008.
Taxonomic Version: Keys to Soil Taxonomy, 10th edition 2006.