LOCATION RAVOLA UT+NM COEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-silty, mixed, active, calcareous, mesic Typic Torrifluvents
TYPICAL PEDON: Ravola loam under cultivation. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted.)
Ap1--0 to 6 inches; light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) loam, dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2) moist; weak coarse subangular blocky structure parting to weak fine subangular blocky; slightly hard, friable, slightly plastic; many fine and few coarse roots; common fine and medium pores; strongly effervescent, carbonates are finely disseminated; slightly alkaline (pH 7.8); clear smooth boundary. (2 to 6 inches thick)
Ap2--6 to 9 inches; light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) loam, dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2) moist; strongly compacted plowpan layer; weak coarse subangular blocky structure parting to weak coarse granular structure; hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many fine roots; common fine and few medium pores; strongly effervescent, carbonates are finely disseminated; slightly alkaline (pH 7.7); clear smooth boundary. (0 to 3 inches thick)
C1--9 to 18 inches; light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) loam, dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2) moist; weak thin platy structure parting to weak very thin platy structure; hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few coarse and many fine roots; many medium and common fine pores, strongly effervescent, carbonates are finely disseminated; slightly alkaline (pH 7.7); gradual wavy boundary.
C2--18 to 45 inches; light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) loam, dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2) moist; weak coarse subangular blocky structure parting to weak medium granular structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few medium and many fine roots; common medium pores; strongly effervescent, carbonates are finely disseminated; moderately alkaline (pH 7.9); gradual irregular boundary.
C3--45 to 60 inches; light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) loam, dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2) moist; massive; soft, very friable; few fine roots; few fine pores; strongly effervescent, carbonates are finely disseminated; moderately alkaline (pH 7.9).
TYPE LOCATION: Emery County, Utah; about 1.5 miles south and 0.5 mile east of Huntington; located about 2,000 feet west and 600 feet north of the southeast corner of sec. 31, T. 17 S., R. 9 E.; Huntington USGS quad; lat. 39 degrees 17 minutes 56 seconds N. and long 110 degrees 57 minutes 8 seconds W. NAD 83
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil moisture: Soil moisture control section is usually dry, but intermittently moist during late summer and early fall. Aridic moisture regime.
Mean annual soil temperature: 47 to 56 degrees F
Particle-size control section:
Clay content: 18 to 27 percent
Sand content: Less than 15 percent sand coarser than very fine sand
Rock fragment content: 0 to 5 percent
A horizon:
Hue: 10YR to 5Y
Value: 5 to 7 dry, 4 or 5 moist
Chroma: 2 to 4 dry or moist
Texture: Loam, clay loam, very fine sandy loam, silty clay loam or silt loam
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 5 to 25 percent
Reaction: Slightly to strongly alkaline
C horizon:
Hue: 10YR to 5Y
Value: 5 to 7 dry, 4 or 5 moist
Chroma: 2 to 4 dry or moist
Texture: Stratified loamy sand, very fine sandy loam, loam, fine sandy loam, gravelly fine sandy loam, clay loam and silt loam
Rock fragments: 0 to 35 percent gravel, few cobbles and paragravel
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 5 to 25 percent
Gypsum content: 0 to 5 percent
Reaction: Slightly to strongly alkaline
Some pedons have 2C horizons grading into residuum from underlying shale beds. These horizons occur below a depth of 48_inches and have textures of silty clay and silty clay loam and have chemical properties ranging similar as to those described in the C horizon.
COMPETING SERIES: This is the Billings series. Billings soils have particle-size control sections with 27 to 35 percent clay, and gypsum nodules below the control section.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material: Alluvium derived from calcareous shale, siltstone, and sandstone
Landform: Alluvial fans, flood plain steps, alluvial flats and flood plains
Slopes: 0 to 10 percent
Elevation: 3,900 to 6,500 feet
Precipitation Pattern: Wettest months are July to October and driest months are December and June.
Mean annual temperature: 45 to 56 degrees F
Mean annual precipitation: 5 to 11 inches
Frost-free period: 110 to 160 days
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Billings, Hunting, Killpack, and Briny (T) soils. Billings soils have 27 to 35 percent clay in the particle size control section. Hunting soils have redoximorphic features and a water table at depths between 20 and 40 inches. Killpack soils have a paralithic contact between 20 and 40 inches. Briny soils have salic horizons.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained, negligible to medium runoff, moderate or moderately slow permeability. These soils are subject to rare or occasional very brief or brief flooding following high intensity summer thunderstorms or above average snowmelt events.
USE AND VEGETATION: Irrigated areas are used for growing small grains, corn, sugar beets, alfalfa, and pasture. Potential vegetation is shadscale, greasewood, Indian ricegrass, and galleta.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Eastern Utah, northwest New Mexico and western Colorado. LRR D, MLRA 28A, 34, 35. This series is of large extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Bozeman, Montana
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Emery and Grand Counties, Utah. 1940. Green River Soil Conservation District.
REMARKS:
Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Series control section: The zone from 0 to 60 inches. (A and C horizons)
Ochric epipedon: The zone from 0 to 9 inches. (Ap1 and Ap2 horizons)
Fluventic feature: Greater than 0.2% organic carbon below 125 cm (49 inches).
Taxonomic version: Keys to Soil Taxonomy, Tenth Edition, 2006
ADDITIONAL DATA:
Typical pedon represented by Utah State University lab samples U573906 through U573910, profile no. 512. Hutchings et.al., 1967, Chemical and Physical Properties of the Soils of Carbon-Emery Area, Utah.
The assignment of the cation-exchange activity class is supported by the above lab data.